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2 Environment Protection Engineering

2 2005

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Desalination of reactive yellow 85 by nanofiltration

100%

Mikulášek P. , Kopecký V.

Environment Protection Engineering

2005

tom Vol. 31, nr 3-4

187-198

Three types (Desal 5 DK, Desal 5 DL, PES 10) of nanofiltration membranes were tested to evaluate optimal operating conditions for flux values and salt rejection in the separation of reactive dye/salt mixtures. Effects of pressure and feed composition on the separation were investigated. Experiments showed that feed composition had a significant effect on flux values. The Donnan effect was greatly responsible for salt rejection. Of the membranes tested one membrane was chosen and batch diafiltration at constant pressure and constant volume was performed through a chosen membrane. The main purpose of diafiltration experiments was to measure the dependence of the amount of the salt removed and the concentration of the salt in feed on time. This experiment was carried out in a dynamic cell.

Characterization of nanofiltration membranes used for the separation of aqueous dye-salt solutions

80%

Mikulášek P. , Kopecký V. , Kušnierik O.

Environment Protection Engineering

2005

tom Vol. 31, nr 3-4

169-176

The process of desalination of aqueous dye-salt solutions by polymeric nanofiltration membranes using commercially available modules was studied. The influence of dye and salt concentration on the salt rejection and flux as well as comparison of individual NF membranes used for desalting purposes are presented. An extended Spiegler-Kedem model including the Donnan exclusion mechanism and the term of concentration dependence of salt permeability was used for predicting salt rejection. The experimental results reveal a negative salt rejection during desalination and the influence of this phenomenon on permeate flux. It is also shown that the model can sufficiently predict salt rejection even at high concentration typical of desalting process.