The evolution of opinions concerning leadership is an expression of the search for more effective structures, methods and forms of the organisation functioning. As in civilian organisations, modern armies’ interest in the leadership problem results from the tendency to set more effective forms of a collective, organised action. In Poland this interest is the consequence of many years of processes taking place inside the army and also outside it. The outside processes include geopolitical and social changes resulting in changing the armed forces’ role and tasks, their reduction and reconstruction and also the effort undertaken in recent years to adapt their structures and possibilities to NATO requirements and standards. For many years commanding meant leadership. They were synonyms or it was assumed that in commanding we deal with leadership. Nowadays we may state that leadership is a category that from the synonym of commanding clearly differentiates leadership actions pointing out not only to their efficiency and also social effectiveness. In this way it becomes one of the most important abilities or characteristics perceived and wanted in contemporary commanding.
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