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[rec.] HERMAN CAPPELEN, JOHN HAWTHORNE, RELATIVISM AND MONADIC TRUTH

100%

Roszyk M.

Roczniki Filozoficzne

2012

tom 60

nr 1

135-143

Historyzm i uprawomocnienie. Alasdaira MacIntyre’a historystyczna koncepcja uprawomocnienia

100%

Roszyk M.

Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia

2007

tom 2

nr 2

61-78

In this paper I argue that MacIntyre’s historicism involves a conception concerning the nature of justiﬁcation, formulated in opposition to ahistorical foundationalism. According to foundationalism justiﬁcation is a matter of an appeal to certain universal and ahistorical principles, constituting the basis of all claims to knowledge. The merit of MacIntyre’s historicism is that it enables one to answer two diﬃculties, insuperable to foundationalism. First, it enables to explain why some basic statements are being treated as justiﬁed even though there exist, in the same area, contending sets of basic statements: justiﬁed basic statements are those which emerge from the history of a given tradition of enquiry as incontestable. Secondly, it allows to explain how we can rationally claim that a certain set of statements is rationally better than others even though they are mutually incommensurable: certain set of statements is better than others, and therefore justiﬁed, if and only if it can resolve diﬃculties insuperable to its rivals and explain both successes and defeats of its rivals.