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1

Estimation of residual antibiotics in pharmaceutical effluents and their fate in affected areas

100%

Hussain S. , Naeem M. , Chaudhry M. N.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2016

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tom 25

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nr 2

EN

Contamination levels of antibiotics, namely ofl oxacin (OFL), ciprofl oxacin (CIP), levofl oxacin (LEV), oxytetracycline (OTC), and doxycycline (DOX), were quantifi ed in wastewater, soil, plants, and underground water of surrounding areas of the pharmaceutical industry in Lahore. HPLC with a DAD detector, C-18 column, and solid-phase cartridges were used to analyze antibiotic residues. In wastewater CIP was 3.0-5.25 mg/L, LEV was 0-6.20 mg/L, OFL was 2.45-4.12 mg/L, OTC was 0-9.40 mg/L, and DOX was 1.58-6.75 mg/L. From wastewater, antibiotics accumulate in environmental segments and impact human health. From wastewater, antibiotics accumulate in soil and plants and percolate to groundwater. The contamination level was 1,000 times higher in wastewater samples than other samples, as it is the primary source of antibiotics entering the environment. After wastewater, soil was the most contaminated environmental segment and groundwater was least contaminated by these residues, but water is very important as it is source of accumulation of antibiotics for human and animal bodies as well as to plants.

2

Effect of exogenous nitric oxide on sulfur and nitrate assimilation pathway enzymes in maize (Zea mays L.) under drought stress

100%

Majeed S. , Nawaz F. , Naeem M. , Ashraf M. Y.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2018

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tom 40

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nr 12

3

Salicylic acid mitigates salinity stress by improving antioxidant defence system and enhances vincristine and vinblastine alkaloids production in periwinkle [Catharanthus roseus (L.)G. Don]

88%

Idrees M. , Naeem M. , Aftab T. , Masroor M. , Khan A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2011

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tom 33

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nr 3

EN

A pot experiment was conducted to find out whether the foliar spray of salicylic acid (SA) could successfully ameliorate the adverse effects of salinity stress on periwinkle. Thirty-day-old plants were supplied with Control; 0 mM NaCl + 10⁻⁵ M SA (T₁); 50 mM NaCl + 0 SA (T₂); 100 mM NaCl + 0 SA (T₃); 150 mM NaCl + 0 SA (T₄); 50 mM NaCl + 10⁻⁵ M SA (T₅); 100 mM NaCl + 10⁻⁵ M SA (T₆); 150 mM NaCl + 10⁻⁵ M SA (T₇). The plants were sampled 90 days after sowing to assess the effect of SA on stressed and unstressed plants. Salt stress significantly reduced the growth attributes including plant height, leaf-area index, shoot and root fresh weights, shoot and root dry weights. Increasing NaCl concentrations led to a gradual decrease in photosynthetic parameters and activities of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase. Ascorbic acid, total alkaloids and antioxidants enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase also declined in NaCl-treated plants. The plants, undergoing NaCl stress, exhibited a significant increase in electrolyte leakage and proline content. Foliar application of SA (10⁻⁵ M) reduced the damaging effect of salinity on plant growth and accelerated the restoration of growth processes. It not only improved the growth parameters but also reversed the effects of salinity. Total alkaloid content was improved by SA application both in unstressed and stressed plants. The highest level of total alkaloid content recorded in leaves of SA-treated stressed plants was 11.1%. Foliar spray of SA overcame the adverse effect of salinity by improving the content of vincristine (14.0%) and vinblastine (14.6%) in plants treated with 100 M NaCl.

4

Calcium chloride and gibberellic acid protect linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) from NaCl stress by inducing antioxidative defence system and osmoprotectant accumulation

75%

Khan M. N. , Siddiqui M. H. , Mohammad F. , Naeem M. , Masroor M. , Khan A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2010

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tom 32

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nr 1

EN

Salinity stress affects many metabolic facets of plants and induces anatomical and morphological changes resulting in reduced growth and productivity. To overcome the damaging effects of salinity, different strategies of the application of nutrients with plant hormones are being adopted. The present study was carried out with an aim to find out whether application of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) and gibberellic acid (GA₃) could alleviate the detrimental effects of salinity stress on plant metabolism. Fifteen days old plants were supplied with (1) 0 mM NaCl + 0 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 0 M GA₃ (control, T0); (2) 0 mM NaCl + 10 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 0 M GA₃ (T1); (3) 0 mM NaCl + 0 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 10⁻⁶ M GA₃ (T2); (4) 150 mM NaCl + 0 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 0 M GA₃ (T3); (5) 150 mM NaCl + 10 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 0 M GA₃ (T4); (6) 150 mM NaCl + 0 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 10⁻⁶ M GA₃ (T5); (7) 150 mM NaCl + 10 mg CaCl₂ kg⁻¹ sand + 10⁻⁶ M GA₃ (T6). To assess the response of the crop to NaCl, CaCl₂ and GA₃, plants were uprooted randomly at 60 days after sowing. The presence of NaCl in the growth medium decreased all the growth and physio-biochemical parameters, except electrolyte leakage, proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), H₂O₂ content, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and leaf Na content, which exhibited an increase of 37.6, 29.3, 366.9, 107.5, 59.1, 17.1, 28.4 and 255.2%, respectively, compared to the control plants. However, application of CaCl₂ in combination with GA₃ appears to confer greater osmoprotection by the additive role with NaCl in Pro and GB accumulation. Although the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and POX) were increased by salt stress, the combined application of CaCl₂ and GA₃ to salt-stressed plants further enhanced the activities of these enzymes by 25.1, 6.7 and 47.8%, respectively, compared to plants grown with NaCl alone. The present study showed that application of CaCl₂ and GA₃ alone as well as in combination mitigated the adverse effect of salinity, but combined application of these treatments proved more effective in alleviating the adverse effects of NaCl stress.

5

Diversity in phenolic compounds, biochemical and pomological characteristics of Arbutus unedo fruits

75%

Gundogdu M. , Ercisli S. , Canan I. , Orman E. , Sameeullah M. , Naeem M. , Ben Ayed R.

Folia Horticulturae

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2018

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tom 30

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nr 1