The article draws on the conclusions of the discussion which on one hand showed the reception of Foucault’s “aesthetics of existence” and on the other hand offered a partial reflection on the “topicality of the aesthetic” in postmodern philosophy. The issue is understood in question as related to the process of aestheticization from modernity to contemporary self-controlled society. The focus is on questions such as „What does the tendency to give one’s own existence a mark of “visible beauty” mean? How does the aesthetic promote itself in non-aesthetic (especially ethical) spheres of life? Attention is paid first of all to how the aesthetics of existence and the requirements of a higher standard individual ethics are interconnected. The conceptions of M. Foucault, J. Früchtl and W. Schmid are referred to as the main sources of consideration.
The contribution deals with one of the problematizations of the care of the self-conception on the background of the anthropology and ethics of P. Sloterdijk, who has been exploring the issues since 1977. In 1999 his Elmau lecture Rules for the Human ZOO motivated one of the two most relevant discussions in the 20th century philosophical anthropology. He proved to be perhaps the most radical critic of philosophical anthropology (similarly to the discussion with Cassirer as early as in 1929 in which he rejected the anthropologism of philosophical anthropology in favour of fundamental ontology). The lecture was intended as a response to Heideggers´ Letter on Humanism in which Sloterdijk used Heidegger´s ontological metaphors to approach the past and future of humanity, including anthropogenesis, current application of anthropotechnics and the threat of transcending present boundaries in new genetic definitions.
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