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Impact of different irrigation water levels on yield and some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Longifolia cv.) under unheated greenhouse condition

100%

Senyigit U. , Kaplan D.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

2013

nr 2/IV

The experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different irrigation water levels on yield and some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Var. Longifolia cv.) under greenhouse conditions. Irrigation water was applied through drip irrigation method with 7 days interval during the total growing season. Irrigation treatments consisted of six different water levels (I1: non-irrigation, I2: 25 %, I3: 50 %, I4: 75 %, I5: 100 % and I6: 125 % of cumulative evaporation measured from Class A pan). The amount of irrigation water ranged between 0 and 106.3 mm among the treatments. Evapotranspiration (ET) values varied from 69.1 to 158.5 mm for the treatments. The highest yield was obtained from the I5 followed by I4. A significant polynomial relation (R2=0.77) was obtained between the yield and irrigation water, and linear relation (R2=0.99) was obtained between the yield and ET. This indicated that when irrigation water increased, yield also increased to a certain point. However, when the amount of irrigation water exceeded the plant water requirement, lettuce yield decreased. Yield response factor (Ky) was determined as 1.97. Since Ky ˃ 1, lettuce was very sensitive to water deficiency. In addition, the highest water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) values were calculated in the I5 with 0.60 t ha.mm-1 and 0.96 t ha.mm-1 respectively. The best plant quality parameters which were plant weight (239.11 g), plant height (26.30 cm), plant diameter (44.82 cm), root weight (17.31 g), root length (9.02 cm), root diameter (10.04 cm) and leaf number (49) were also obtained in I5. As a result, it was suggested that I5 can be the most appropriate irrigation water level for lettuce with higher WUE, IWUE, yield and quality under greenhouse conditions.

Ecodiversity changes in the Hula Valley, Israel, during this century

100%

Kaplan D. , Kadmon A.

Problemy Ekologii Krajobrazu

2000

tom 06

Effect of forming rate on the impact tensile properties of the steels under crash test

80%

Bayraktar E. , Grumbach M. , Kaplan D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2007

tom Vol. 20, nr 1-2

55-60

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to examine the mechanical and metallurgical behaviour of the tailored blanks and base metals for thin sheet steels used in the car industry by using a new type of crash test/ impact (ITT). It exposes the effect of forming rate on the toughness of thin welded joints (tailored blanks) for Interstitial Free (IFS) steels used in the automotive industry. Design/methodology/approach: A special crash test device is used in different temperature and the simulated crash tests are performed at a constant speed of 5.52 m/s (strain rate about 250 s to the -1). Findings: The specimen is submitted to impact tensile test at different temperatures. According to testing temperature, fracture mode varies: At low temperatures, brittle fracture occurs: Due to stress concentration, fracture always occurs in the notched section. At high temperatures, the specimen fails by ductile fracture. Toughness of the steel sheets (base metals, BM or tailored blanks, TBs) after forming at certain levels is well compared at different materials and test conditions. Practical implications: This study gives very useful data for the crash test. This is a new conception of specimen and of the impact/crash machine. It is easily used in automotive industry for practical and economic reason to give rapid answers to designer and also steel makers for ranking the materials. Originality/value: This research used a new developed test called simlified crash test for evaluating the effect of forming rate on the toughness of thin welded joints (tailored blanks) / mechanical assemblies in high formability steel sheets for stamping submitted to dynamic loads such as experienced in real crash tests.

Kokon cudów

50%

Omenetto F. , Kaplan D.

Świat Nauki

2010

nr 12