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EN
The study aim was to evaluate the effect of a 6-week modified workout routine using the modified circuit weight method on selected anthropometric measures, components of physical fitness and physiological indices in competitive basketball players. The study involved 30 basketball players (mean age: 23.4 ±1.8 years). Modified circuit weight method sessions were repeated 3 times a week. Each training session was subdivided into 3 circuits: strength conditioning, exercises to enhance functional fitness and a circuit of sport-specific exercises. Statistically significant differences in values of circumferences and skinfolds were found between pre-test and post-test values, with no statistically significant changes in body mass and total body water. A statistically significant improvement was observed in motor ability tests, except for the barbell bench press test (p = 0.096). Statistically significant differences were also found in the values of physiological indices. The 6-week training using modified circuit weight method induced positive adaptations in most of the diagnosed anthropometric indicators, components of physical fitness and physiological parameters. This supports the notion of the comprehensive effect of such training on human body and suggests its usefulness for both athletes involved in specific sports and in health-oriented training of amateur athletes.
EN
Background: The aim of the study was to determine the changes that occur during a back handspring performed by artistic gymnastics competitors on the basis of selected biomechanical quantities. Material/Methods: The case study included five masterclass artistic gymnastics competitors. The activities were recorded at the frequency of 120 [Hz]. Using the SkillSpector computer software, selected biomechanical variables of the back handspring technique were analyzed. The coefficient of variation was used to evaluate the variability of movement, which, in turn, was used to describe the repeatability of the back handspring technique. Results: Kinematic analysis of the back handspring carried out with the recorded video material enables the qualitative evaluation of the repeatability of the sports technique. The position of the center of mass on the vertical axis determined at borderline points of phases in the back handspring technique was the quantity of highest repeatability. The lowest repeatability was observed in the absolute and relative (movement rhythm) durations of particular phases. Conclusions: It is possible to master the back handspring while maintaining full repeatability of some biomechanical quantities characterizing the movement technique. The assessment of movement repeatability in gymnastics requires further research, with the simultaneous analysis of various biomechanical quantities and a determination of the best methods of comparison.
EN
Background: Sporting success puts high requirements in terms of physical stress, it causes a major threat to an athlete’s health. Therefore, there is a need for effective training methods in order to reduce the number of contusions and sports injuries. For this purpose a method of intellectual training in the mastery of motor actions (playing technique) of young football players is recommended. Material/Methods: The influence of intellectualization on the training process and the state of health was studied in young football players (16 years old), students of the Sports School in Cracow. Continuous research was conducted from 1996 to 2001. A group of 92 players in two groups: 46-experimental group, 46-control group was examined. Results: Research has shown that the intellectualization of training, which reduced the volume of the body load by 14%, has a positive impact on the effectiveness of training and helps to reduce the number of injuries during sports training. Conclusions: Intellectual training is beneficial to the effectiveness of young football players’ technical actions. The intellectualization of the training process reduces the physical burden, and exposing the aware action affects the condition of lower limb injuries in young players.
EN
An aim of this work was to determine the influence of women’s experimental training using kettlebells on selected components of physical fitness. Two groups of women, experimental (N = 20) and control (N = 20), took part in this study. In order to determine the influence of the training program developed by the present authors, participants were subjected to examinations aimed to assess the level of selected components of physical fitness (speed of hand movements, flexibility, explosive strength of lower limbs muscles, strength endurance of abdominal muscles and hip flexors, strength endurance of upper limbs muscles and the shoulder girdle, agility, the maximum oxygen uptake, the maximum and average power). Women who participated in kettlebells training showed statistically significant changes in all the examined components of physical fitness. In this group the greatest increase (84.25%) occurred in the endurance strength of upper limbs and the shoulder girdle. However, standard fitness training was more beneficial for shaping flexibility. A key element to the benefit of circuit training with kettlebells use (and additional exercises carried out in this training) is a possibility to improve comprehensive physical fitness.
EN
Speed climbing is the most dynamic discipline among all climbing sports. Previous studies have emphasized the combined strength and speed character of speed climbing (determined by high level of anaerobic power of the muscles). The main aim of this study was to evaluate the level of mechanical power of the muscles generated during specific climbing movements in competition speed climbing at the level of the final rounds of the IFSC World Cup. The material for the study was provided by the somatic data and scores obtained by six speed climbers who regularly participated in speed climbing events during the IFSC World Cup. The analyses were performed based on the results derived from the IFSC World Cup played on 7 to 8 May 2016 in Nankin, China. The findings of this study lead to the following conclusions: Development of the level of relative anaerobic power in speed climbers represents the basis for the training process. The Margaria–Kalamen formula is likely to represent a valuable tool for evaluation of the level of sport-specific power in speed climbing. One of the determinants of high sportspecific power in speed climbing is high level of technical skills. The values of sport-specific power parameters can be useful in recruitment of athletes in speed climbing.
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