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PL
Polemika. Dotyczy artykułu S. Siess-Krzyszkowski, „Rozmowa Polaka z Włochem” Łukasza Górnickiego. Przyczynek do historii edycji, „Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi” 2021, t. 15, z. 4, s. 451–460. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2021.685
EN
Sarmatism is a concept with an exceptionally bad reputation; what is worse – there is a duality in it (it is something a bit embarrassing, and yet it also contains positive, or even valuable elements), which is very difficult for researchers to deal with. Sarmatism is not only “a cultural formation developed at the end of the 19th century”, but it is an extremely important and permanent element of our tradition. At the same time – in a sense, it was ultimately shaped in the 19th century, and not, as we commonly believe, in the 17th century. It is something very disturbing, and this is precisely because of its specific “long life”. Adding my voice to this discussion about our tradition, I must begin by answering the question: what is Sarmatism? It should be recalled that Sarmatism is understood as: 1. a geographical and ethnographic concept, 2. style, 3. cultural formation, 4. ideology. The first three meanings, in principle, are not in doubt; while the latter is the most problematic. The article is focused on a broad analysis of this understanding of Sarmatism. Understood in this way, it is based on values adopted a priori: patriotism, honesty, religiousness, respect for tradition and faithfulness of the vassal oath towards the senior. In conclusion, I write that Sarmatism and all Polish culture had a culture-forming role in restoring Europe to the countries of Sarmatia Asiatica (that I will recall the Miechowitas formula). Like other researchers, I see all the limitations and shallows of Sarmatism, but above all – and that is why Juliusz Słowacki and Cyprian Norwid were quoted – I suggest to see the greatness of Sarmatism. Maybe it is time we would start looking at our past not only critically but alsowith love, seeing in it what caused that and in the 17th century also often was seen and acknowledged – our right to be an equal member of the family of European nations,
EN
The aim of the study is to describe the relationship between rhetoric and popular science texts. Scientific American magazine is taken as an example. In conclusion, the author suggests that the rhetoric of popular science texts rests on the presentation of a problem, avoiding controversy in the presentation of research issues, avoiding modal forms and the use of multiple elements of visual rhetoric. This article contains brief historical information about the development of the magazine Scientific American.
EN
The confusion between stylistics and rhetoric is widespread, not only among journalists, but also researchers who do not fully understand the scope of these two fields of linguistics. The aim of this text is to demonstrate how this confusion leads to the sense of a text being erroneously interpreted. It analyses various statements by journalists where this confusion leads to semantic misunderstandings. It thus leads not to errors, but to twisting the meaning of texts and creating a false view of reality. In conclusion, the author suggests we should learn better the differences between the two forms; only in this way can we provide the audience with accurate information.
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