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EN
The article presents data on heavy metal – Hg, Pb, Cd and Zn – distribution in the layers of marine sediments from the off-shore areas of the southern Baltic Sea: Gdańsk Deep, SE Gotland Basin and Bornholm Deep. Depth profiles of metal concentrations were converted to time-based profiles using the 210Pb dating method and verified by 137Cs distribution in the vertical profile. The linear sedimentation rates in the Gdańsk Deep and SE Gotland Basin are similar, 0.18 cm yr-1 and 0.14 cm yr-1, respectively, while the region of the Bornholm Deep is characterized by a greater sedimentation rate: 0.31 cm yr-1. Regarding anthropogenic pressure, Gdańsk Deep receives the largest share among the analyzed regions. The maximal metal concentrations detected in this area were Zn – 230 mg kg-1, Pb – 77 mg kg-1, Cd – 2.04 mg kg-1 and Hg – 0.27 mg kg-1. The least impact of anthropogenic pressure was noticeable in SE Gotland Basin. The combination of sediment dating with the analysis of vertical distribution of heavy metals in sediments benefited in the determination of target metal concentrations used in environmental status assessments. Reference values of heavy metal concentrations in marine sediments were determined as: Zn – 110 mg kg-1, Pb – 30 mg kg-1, Cd – 0.3 mg kg-1 and Hg – 0.05 mg kg-1 from the period of minor anthropogenic pressure. Basing on the determined indices: enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation indicator (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) the status of marine environment was assessed regarding the pollution with heavy metals.
EN
In 1994, the Environmental Committee of the Helsinki Commission recommended that all laboratories providing data within the monitoring programmes of the Baltic Sea (HELCOM BMP) and HELCOM CMP (HELCOM COMBINE since 1996) should implement quality assurance system in monitoring activities. Quality assurance system includes validation of applied analytical methods, that is evaluation of measurement errors (measurement uncertainty) under current laboratory conditions. Some elements of quality assurance system implemented at the Marine Chemistry Laboratory of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Gdynia are presented regarding method validation, i.e. experimental determination of precision, bias and detection limit of analytical methods in use and experimental determination of measurement uncertainty related to sampling for nutrient analyses. Results of internal quality control are also presented as well as results of international analytical proficiency tests in which the laboratory participates as a form of external quality control.
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