Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

CHANGES IN THE EMPLOYMENT AND INCENTIVE SCHEME AS ELEMENTS OF CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF PKP CARGO

100%

Piotrowska A.

|

nr 3

69-86

EN

The paper presents an example of restructuring in the area of employment and incentive scheme, which was conducted in one of the Polish companies operating in the transport industry. It shows the changes in the remuneration system, the level and structure of employment, and their impact on labour productivity and financial results of the analyzed entity.The analysis was conducted as a case study using data included in annual reports of the audited company. The aim of the paper is to draw the reader’s attention to the significance of controlling labour costs in the process of a company’s management.

2

Civil supervision and control over special services' activities

51%

Piotrowska A. , Kopczewski M. , Ciekanowski Z.

|

nr 2(200)

354-370

PL

W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące systemu cywilnego demokratycznego nadzoru i kontroli służb specjalnych w Polsce od czasów przemian ustrojowych. System ten oparty jest na: nadzorze władzy wykonawczej, która także wyznacza kierunki działań; kontroli parlamentarnej – głównie za pomocą Komisji do Spraw Służb Specjalnych; nadzorze władzy sądowniczej oceniającej ich działania pod kątem ewentualnego przekroczenia uprawnień czy niedopełnienia obowiązków. Oceniono funkcjonalność niektórych rozwiązań prawnych w zakresie nadzoru i kontroli służb. Zwrócono uwagę na dominującą rolę Prezesa Rady Ministrów w sprawowaniu nadzoru nad służbami specjalnymi.

EN

The article addresses issues related to the civil system of democratic supervision and control over special services in Poland since the political transformation. The system is based on the supervision of the executive authority, which also sets the directions of activities, Parliamentary control – mainly with the help of the Committee for Special Services, judiciary supervision assessing their actions in terms of possible abuse of powers or failure to fulfill their obligations. The functionality of some legal solutions in the field of supervision and control over the services was assessed. The dominant role of the Prime Minister in exercising supervision over the special services was pointed out.

3

Vitamin D in the skin physiology and pathology

51%

Piotrowska A. , Wierzbicka J. , Żmijewski M.

|

nr 1

17-29

EN

Vitamin D plays important, pleiotropic role in the maintenance of global homeostasis. Its influence goes far beyond the regulation of calcium and phosphorus balance, as diverse activities of vitamin D and its natural metabolites assure proper functioning of major human organs, including skin. Recently, we reviewed the current understanding of vitamin D impact on human health from historical perspective (Wierzbicka et al. (2014) The renaissance of vitamin D. Acta Biochim Pol 61: 679-686). This article focuses on its functions in the skin. The skin and its appendages, creates a platform connecting and protecting internal organs against, usually harmful, external environment. It uppermost layer - epidermis in order to maintain a protective barrier undergoes a constant exchange of cornified keratinocytes layer. Its disturbance leads to development of serious skin disorders including psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis and skin cancer. All of those dermatopathologies have a huge impact on modern societies, affecting not only the physical, but also mental state of patients as well as their social status. Furthermore, multiple human systemic diseases (autoimmune, blood and digestive diseases) have skin manifestation, thus "condition of the skin" often reflects the condition and pathological changes within the internal organs. In humans, the skin is the natural source of vitamin D, which is produced locally from 7-dehydrocholesterol in photoreaction induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from the sun. It is also well established, that the process of proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes is tightly regulated by calcium and the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3). Thus, the skin physiology is inseparably connected with vitamin D production and activity. Unfortunately, UVB, which is required for vitamin D production, is also known as the main cause of a skin cancer, including melanoma. Here, we are going to review benefits of vitamin D and its analogues in the maintenance of epidermal barrier and its potential use in the treatment of common skin diseases.