Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Dual fuelling CI engine with methanol and diesel oil

100%

Stelmasiak Z.

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tom Vol. 20, No. 3

387--393

EN

Dual fuel compression ignition engine can be run on diverse fuels, both gaseous and liquid ones. Alternative fuels to the Diesel oil feature, as a rule, low cetane number and high temperature of self-ignition. Due to this, such fuels can not be ignited spontaneously and require ignition from small dose of the Diesel oil. In the dual fuel system, as the main fuel can be considered a liquid fuels, which can be supplied to the cylinder in form of vapours, or injected be to the suction manifold. Methyl and ethyl alcohols, or their esters, can be counted among future fuels. Such alcohols can be either the main fuels or small additions improving combustion of the Diesel oil. In the paper are presented test results of the SW 680 engine run on methanol and Diesel oil. Methanol was supplied to the suction manifold in form of methanol-air aerosol. Energetic fraction of the methanol amounted to 12-50%, depending on engine load. Performed tests have shown advantageous effect of the methanol on performance of the engine. One confirmed considerable growth of overall efficiency of the engine in area of higher loads (3-6%), reduction of smokiness of exhaust gases achieved as early as with small additives of the methanol (2-3 times), reduction of CO and CO2 emissions, reduction of exhaust gases temperature. Small addition of the methanol affects advantageously on combustion of the Diesel oil, shortening time if its combustion. Addition of the methanol enables maintaining effective power of the engine fuelled traditionally, and even its slight growth. Cost of adaptation to dual fuel supply with alcohol are low, and such type of fuelling can be easy implemented in already operated compression ignition engines.

2

Some aspects of the heat release ratę in the dualfuel engine fuelled CNG with particularly consideration the gas combustion

100%

Stelmasiak Z.

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tom Vol. 10, No. 1-2

277-288

EN

Abstract The test results reported in this paper concern the single cylinder compression ignition direct injection engine fed with compressed natural gas (CNG). The variable parameters adopted in the research include: the engine speed of 2000-3000 rpm, the engine load from minimum to maximum, regulated by the knock combustion effect, variable gas concentration in the mixture A,0=1.8-10.5, and the initial dose quantity 8.2-25.5 mm3/cycle. The combustion parameters, calculated from the registered indicator diagrams, were analysed in the tests. The tests proved that the combustion of gas and liquid fuel in the dual fuel engine differs as far as the time and speed of the process are concerned. For small initial doses the liquid fuel burns f aster than the gas fuel. Two distinct heat release rate maximums can be observed then: of the liquid and gas fuel respectively. For bigger initial doses and higher engine speeds the liquid fuel combustion process is delayed, while it is accelerated in the case of the gas fuel. This results in mutual overlapping ofthe two processes. For small initial doses and high engine load the heat release rate dQ is lower by about 40 division sign 50% than in the conventionally fuelled engine. At part load running the dual fuel engine efficiency was lower by about 1.2-2.8%. The efficiency loss increased as the knock combustion limit was approached, and amounted then to 6-9%. The engine knock effect can be reduced by means of increasing the initial dose, but at high load it results in lower engine efficiency.

3

Wykorzystanie alkoholi do zasilania silników spalinowych

100%

Stelmasiak Z.

|

2014

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tom nr 6

10005--10023

PL

W pracy przedstawiono zagadnienia stosowania biopaliw ciekłych w silnikach spalinowych. Omówiono uwarunkowania prawne stosowania biopaliw, produkcję w różnych regionach świata i w warunkach krajowych oraz perspektywy jej rozwoju. Porównanie własności alkoholu w stosunku do benzyn i oleju napędowego wskazało, że alkohole mogą być z powodzeniem stosowane zarówno w silnikach o zapłonie iskrowym jak i samoczynnym. Z uwagi na rozwarstwiane się mieszanin w niskich temperaturach i obecności wody w chwili obecnej w kraju stosowany jest alkohol etylowy bezwodny w ilości do 5% lub eter etylo-tert-butylowy. Podraża to istotnie ceny produkcji biopaliw i stwarza istotne problemy logistyczne w dystrybucji. W pracy pokazano wyniki badań silników zasilanych systemem dwupaliwowym – iskrowego Fiat 1100 MultiPoint i o zapłonie samoczynnym SW 680. Obydwa silniki były zasilane odpowiednio benzyną i metanolem oraz olejem napędowym i metanolem o zmiennym udziale metanolu. Badania pokazały korzystny wpływ dodatku metanolu na proces spalania zarówno benzyny jak i oleju napędowego prowadzący do zwiększenia parametrów użytkowych silnika, sprawności ogólnej oraz poprawy jego parametrów ekologicznych. System dwupaliwowy umożliwia stosowanie dużych udziałów alkoholu, a w przypadku silnika o zapłonie iskrowym nawet zasilania samym alkoholem w zakresie dużych obciążeń silnika. Pozwala to wykorzystać w pełni korzystne własności alkoholi. Ponadto w zasilaniu mogą być stosowane alkohole zawodnione co znacznie obniża ich koszt produkcji.

EN

The paper presents the issues of the use of biofuels in internal combustion engines. Juridical aspects of the use of biofuels production in different regions of the world and national conditions and prospects of its development. Comparison of alcohol property relative to gasoline and diesel indicated that alcohols can be successfully used in both spark ignition and compression engines. Because of the split in the mixture at low temperatures and the presence of water currently used in the country of anhydrous ethyl alcohol in an amount of up to 5% or ethyl-tert-butyl ether. This significantly boosts the prices of biofuels and creates significant logistical problems in the distribution. The paper shows the results of testing of engines powered by a dual fuel system - Fiat 1100 MultiPoint spark and compression ignition SW 680. Both engines were powered respectively by gasoline and methanol and diesel oil and methanol by variable share of methanol. Studies have shown a beneficial effect of the addition of methanol to the process of burning both gasoline and diesel fuel, leading to increase the performance parameters of the engine, the overall efficiency and improving its environmental performance. Dual fuel system allows for a high share of alcohol, in the case of a spark ignition engine power even the alcohol at high engine loads. This allows use a fully favorable properties of alcohols. In addition, the power supply may be used watered alcohols which greatly reduces the cost of its production.

4

The possibilities of improvement of spark ignition engine efficiency through dual fueling of methanol and gasoline

63%

Stelmasiak Z. , Semikow J.

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2010

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tom R. 49, nr 3

59-67

EN

The paper presents the results of the investigations into a dual fuel spark ignition multipoint methanol/gasoline injection engine where the injection is realized into the area of the intake valve. The engine fuel feed was realized through a prototype intake system having double electronically controlled injectors. The here used system can feed the engine with gasoline and methanol separately and the combustion of the mixture of the said fuels with any given methanol content. The test were performed on a 4-cylinder spark ignition engine (Fiat 1100 MPI). The paper presents the comparative results of the efficiency of the dual fuelled engine at variable methanol content. The investigations revealed an advantageous influence of methanol addition on the engine efficiency, particularly for higher methanol content and higher loads.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dwupaliwowego silnika o zapłonie iskrowym z wielopunktowym wtryskiem alkoholu i benzyny w okolice zaworu dolotowego. Zasilanie silnika realizowano przez prototypowy układ dolotowy zawierający podwójne wtryskiwacze sterowane elektronicznie. Zastosowany system umożliwia zasilanie silnika samą benzyną lub alkoholem oraz spalanie równoczesne mieszaniny obydwu paliwo dowolnym udziale alkoholu. Badania wykonano na 4-cylindrowym silniku o zapłonie iskrowym Fiat 1100 MPI. W artykule przedstawiono porównawcze wyniki badań sprawności silnika zasilanego dwu paliwowo o zmiennym udziale alkoholu metylowego. Badania pokazały korzystny wpływ dodatku alkoholu na sprawność silnika, szczególnie dla większych udziałów alkoholu i obciążeń silnika.

5

Wykorzystanie sygnałów wibroakustycznych w diagnostyce silników samochodowych w teście zimnym

63%

Stelmasiak Z. , Rudnicki M.

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tom nr 3

5983--5990

PL

W artykule przedstawiono nową metodykę wibroakustycznej diagnostyki silnika spalinowego podczas testu zimnego na linii produkcyjnej. Zaprezentowano metody pomiaru i analizy drgań wybranych elementów silnika na podstawie analizy synchronicznej czyli tzw. analizy rzędów. Analizę tę można wykorzystywać do oceny stanu jakościowego całego silnika oraz poszczególnych jego części takich jak: koła zębate, wały, łańcuch rozrządu, układ korbowodowy itp.

EN

This paper presents a new a new methodology for vibroacoustic diagnostics of the internal combustion engine during cold test on the production line. Presented method of the vibration measurement and analysis of selected parts of the engine on the basis of the so-called synchronous order analysis. This analysis can be used to assess the state of qualitative entire engine and its individual parts such as gears, shafts, timing chain, connecting rod etc.

6

Selection of an algorithms controlling operation of supercharged compression ignition engine with additional fueling with CNG gas

51%

Stelmasiak Z. , Larisch J. , Pietras D.

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tom R. 56, nr 3

42--48

EN

The article presents an issues concerning selection of controlling algorithms for operation of supercharged compression ignition engine fueled additionally with CNG gas, including implemented control procedures, adjustment algorithms and operational algorithms. As the result, the engine which is run in dual fuel system operates under control of two controllers, factory ECU controller, governing fueling with the base fuel (Diesel oil) and all fueling parameters, and the second controller for gaseous fuel supply. Priority of operation of the controllers relates to fueling with Diesel oil, while the gas is treated as supplementary fuel. Due to possibility of usage of factorymade original ECU controller as used with Diesel oil supply; it has been presented proposal of its software in form of array algorithms.

7

The influence of the time break of the fuel divided dose on the work parameters of the injector common rail system

51%

Stelmasiak Z. , Knefel T. , Larisch J.

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tom R. 46, nr SC2

173-180

EN

Results of concerning some problems connected with the selection of the divided dose of injection, resulting from differences between electric parameters set on the CR controller with the real division of the injection dose realized through CR injectors were introduced in the paper. The problem of the fuel dose division in the time of engine examinations has been causing certain problems in the assessment of the fuel consumption of the research engine. It is determining bigger problem during verification of models of burning processes with the multi-phase injection dose. One should take this problem into consideration during selection of CR injectors for future applications of a research engine. The preliminary research of delay time between two-stage doses of injection on the impact of changes injection parameters and comparison in this area between the first and the second generation of CR injectors was an aim of the this work.

8

Niektóre problemy sterowania samochodowego silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym zasilanego dwupaliwowo

51%

Stelmasiak Z. , Larisch J. , Pietras D.

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tom R. 54, nr 3

1070--1081

PL

W pracy przedstawiono zagadnienia sterowania jakością ładunku w samochodowym silniku o zapłonie samoczynnym zasilanym dwupaliwowo. Głównym założeniem adaptacji silnika był dodatek niewielkiej ilości gazu ziemnego prowadzący do zmniejszenia zadymienia spalin. Przy takim założeniu podstawowym paliwem pozostawał olej napędowy, którego udział stanowił 0,70-0,85 całkowitej energii dostarczanej do silnika. W prowadzonych badaniach silnika dwupaliwowego stosowano oryginalny sterownik silnika Fiat 1.3 MJT sterujący dawką oleju napędowego. Wielkość dawki gazu regulowano czasem otwarcia wtryskiwaczy gazu przy stałym ciśnieniu w kolektorze gazowym. Analizowano podstawowe parametry wpływające na jakość ładunku takie jak, wpływ czasu otwarcia wtryskiwaczy na udział energetyczny gazu, podział dawki oleju napędowego, kąty początku wtrysku dawek częściowych, wydatek powietrza. Przeprowadzone badania pokazały niekorzystny podział dawki oleju napędowego i kątów początku wtrysku z punktu widzenia wymagań dla silnika dwupaliwowego. Dodatkowo zwiększanie dodatku gazu prowadzi do zmniejszenia wydatku powietrza sterowanego przez oryginalny sterownik silnika. Wpływa to na zmniejszenie współczynnika nadmiaru powietrza i pogorszenie warunków spalania oleju napędowego. Przeprowadzone analizy wskazują, że przy adaptacjach małych silników samochodowych do zasilania dwupaliwowego należy stosować specjalne algorytmy sterowania jakością ładunku i sterowniki przystosowane do tego typu zasilania.

EN

The paper presents issues of quality charge control in automotive diesel engine powered dual fuel. The basic premise of the engine adaptation was the addition of small quantities of natural gas leads to a reduction smoke exhaust. Under this assumption, the basic fuel remained diesel, which accounted 0,70-0,85 share of the total energy supplied to the engine. In this study of dual fuel engine used original controller of the Fiat 1.3 MJT that controlled dose of diesel fuel. The dose of gas was adjusted by gas injector opening time at a constant pressure in the gas manifold. In paper analyzed the basic parameters affecting on quality of charge such as: injector opening time impact on energy share of gas, diesel division dose, injection timing of part dose and air flow. The study showed a negative split division of diesel fuel and injection timing of part doses from the point of view of the requirements for dual fuel engine. Increasing the gas additive leads to a reduction in air flow controlled by the original engine control unit. This reduces the excess air ratio and deterioration of the burning diesel fuel. The analyzes show that, with adaptations small car engines to dual fuel fuelling, should be used a special charge quality control algorithms and controller units adapted to this type of fuelling.

9

51%

Stelmasiak Z. , Larisch J. , Pietras D.

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tom R. 56, nr 2

24--31

EN

The study presents results of a research work on two various Diesel engines adapted for dual fuel feeding with CNG gas and diesel oil. The first engine is naturally aspirated, medium-sized engine, corresponding to engines mounted as power units in trucks and buses. Natural gas was used as the main fuel to this engine, and amount of diesel oil was reduced to minimum according to criterion of correct operation of injection system and reliable ignition of gaseous mixture. The second engine was a high-speed, supercharged engine of Fiat 1.3 MJT type, destined to powering of passenger cars. This engine is equipped with modern engine technologies, high-pressure injection system of Common Rail type with division of fuel dose and recirculation of exhaust gases, with catalytic converter and DPF filter. To fueling of this engine was used small additive of gas, aimed at reduction of smokiness of exhaust gases. Performed research has shown beneficial effect of gas on engine efficiency, reduction of concentration of nitrogen oxides, smokiness of exhaust gases and emission of particulate matter. Simultaneously, however, emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons had increased, especially in area of partial engine loads. Results of the study are pointing at possibility of installation of dual fuel system in traction engines with different size.

10

Preliminary tests on dual fuel spark ignition engine fuelled with methanol and gasoline

51%

Stelmasiak Z. , Larisch J. , Semikow J.

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2008

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tom R. 47, nr 3

24-33

EN

The paper presents a fuel system of a dual fuel spark ignition engine with a multipoint methanol and gasoline injection into the inlet valve area. The engine is fitted with double electronically controlled injectors. The system allows the engine operation on gasoline and methanol separately as well as combustion of the mixture of both fuels of any given alcohol content. The preliminary tests have been performed on a 4-cylinder spark ignition engine - Fiat 1100. The paper presents comparative results of the tests of an engine fuelled with gasoline and methanol. The performed tests showed an advantageous effect on the engine efficiency, the level of NOx and hydrocarbons in the exhaust. A quick combustion of methanol increases the thermal load of the engine, which in turn may lead to an improper operation of the ignition system.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono system zasilania dwupaliwowego silnika o zapłonie iskrowym z wielopunktowym wtryskiem alkoholu i benzyny w okolice zaworu dolotowego. Silnik wyposażono w podwójne wtryskiwacze sterowane elektronicznie. Opracowany system umożliwia zasilanie silnika samą benzyną lub alkoholem oraz spalanie równoczesne mieszaniny obydwu paliw o dowolnym udziale alkoholu. Badania wstępne wykonano na 4-cylindrowym silniku o zapłonie iskrowym Fiat 1100. W artykule przedstawiono porównawcze wyniki badań silnika zasilanego benzyną i alkoholem metylowym. Wykonane badania pokazały korzystny wpływ alkoholu metylowego na sprawność i stężenie tlenków azotu oraz węglowodorów w spalinach. Szybki przebieg procesu spalania metanolu zwiększa równocześnie obciążenie cieplne silnika, które może prowadzić do zakłócenia pracy aparatury zapłonowej.