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2 Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2 2022

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Fire performance of ultra‑high performance concrete: effect of fine aggregate size and fibers

100%

Zhang D. , Tan K. H.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 22, no. 3

art. no. e116

This study conducted a thorough investigation on the combined effects of fine aggregate (FA) size, steel fiber, and polypropylene (PP) fiber on the spalling behavior and mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) at high temperature. FAs with 0.6, 2.36, and 4.75 mm were incorporated with steel fibers or PP fibers in UHPC. Test results showed that the synergistic enhancement in spalling prevention of UHPC at high temperature was only found in the combination of PP fiber and large-sized FA. Large-sized FA not only increased the fraction of microcracks but also enhanced their connectivity in UHPC with PP fibers, thus increasing the permeability and improving the spalling resistance at high temperature. This reduced the required PP fiber content for spalling prevention. Besides, steel fibers and large-sized FAs had a combined negative effect on mechanical properties above 600 °C, resulting in even lower mechanical properties at 900 °C compared to UHPC without any fiber and UHPC with PP fibers. Microstructural observation also found that the degradation of steel fibers and microcracks generated by expansion of aggregate both severely damaged the microstructures of UHPC at 900 °C. By contrast, adding PP fibers reduced compressive strength of UHPC below 600 °C due to the voids left by the decomposition of PP fibers, but it did not affect compressive strength at 900 °C, as the cracks in the matrix was enlarged, which reduced the negative effect of PP fibers.

Effect of polymer fibers on pore pressure development and explosive spalling of ultra-high performance concrete at elevated temperature

70%

Zhang D. , Chen B. , Wu X. , Weng Y. , Li Y.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 22, no. 4

art. no. e187, 2022

This paper investigated pore pressure development of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) included various polymer fibers, i.e., linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), and polyamide (PA) fibers. Temperature and pore pressure were measured simultaneously at different depths of UHPC specimens subjected to one-dimensional heating. It was found that the PP and PA fibers prevented spalling of UHPC by enhancing moisture migration, which resulted in the development of pore pressure in the deeper region of the specimens. The moisture migration in UHPC with LLDPE fibers caused spalling of a layer of concrete in a deep region of specimen. UHMWPE fibers did not affect pore pressure development and spalling resistance of UHPC significantly, while with PET fibers, the pore pressure of UHPC raised sharply due to inadequate moisture migration, leading to spalling of a whole layer. Instead of melting polymer fibers and empty channels left, microcracks created by the fibers were responsible for releasing vapor pressure and spalling prevention. Fibers with high thermal expansion between 100 and 200 °C are recommended for spalling prevention of UHPC.