Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Różnice w zachowaniach zdrowotnych i kosztach leczenia kobiet i mężczyzn w Polsce

100%

Korporowicz V.

|

2013

|

nr 3

79-100

PL

This study aims at analyzing health behavior influencing health according to sex. It also aims at evaluating social and economic consequences of those behaviors. Shorter male lifespan comparing to woman may be related to more frequent risky behavior: smoking tobacco, drinking alcohol, drug abuse which lead to dysfunctions of circulatory and respiratory systems as well as cancer, disabilities and in consequence inability to work. The data presented suggest that man more often than women act in risky manners. According to collected data, woman more oft en than man seek specialist ambulatory treatment, medical rehabilitation and dental care. These data may suggest that woman more oft en try to prevent illness than wait until full treatment is necessary. This may be the reason why older woman (65 years old+) less often need expensive hospital treatment.

2

Zdrowie jako kategoria społeczno – ekonomiczna

100%

Korporowicz V.

|

nr 7-8

71-87

EN

The article looks at the issue of public health understood as an important factor of production. The author also analyzes the impact of the population’s health on economic growth. Korporowicz discusses a variety of approaches to public health, with a particular emphasis on a socioeconomic approach. She highlights the economic aspect of health as a component of human capital that creates the basis for examining living conditions and socioeconomic development. Health also needs to be evaluated for the purposes of economic calculations in the area of health protection policies, the author says. Such evaluations are used to determine the costs of health insurance, for example in the case of car accidents. The author counters a popular belief that the level of human capital is exclusively associated with education and public spending on education. According to Korporowicz, the health status of the population influences the level of human capital, while healthcare needs to be treated as a major socioeconomic category. Health is a resource that is subject to wear and can be enhanced and partly replenished by adequate investment. It plays an increasingly important role in the structure of production. Without it, uninhibited economic growth is impossible, the author argues. Korporowicz sets out to prove that health and healthcare can be analyzed in terms of the theory of public goods. Health is an asset that can be used in a specific way, the author says, but its benefits cannot be directly accessed through the market; nor is health subject to competition because the more health there is among individuals, the more society benefits as a whole. This is what sets public goods apart from private goods, which means that the idea of analyzing health on the basis of the public goods theory is justified, the author argues. It needs to be assumed that economic growth is impossible without a healthy and efficiently functioning innovative and creative society, Korporowicz adds. In modern economies, economic efficiency strongly depends on the intellectual potential and health of the population, the author concludes.

3

Environmental economics – a modern science with traditions

100%

Korporowicz V.

|

tom 18

|

nr 5

235-242

PL

Rosnące znaczenie problemów degradacji środowiska i jego ochrony spowodowane jest m.in. ograniczeniami w efektywności gospodarowania. Zmusza nas to do spojrzenia na procesy gospodarcze z uwzględnieniem dorobku dyscyplin, które wskazują, jak należy postępować w sytuacji ograniczonej dostępności surowców. Taką dyscypliną jest bez wątpienia ochrona środowiska. Nauka ta wskazuje metody i instrumenty ekonomiczne, które można zastosować w praktyce gospodarczej niezbędnej do ochrony środowiska. Zajmuje się również problemami związanymi z ekonomicznymi badaniami implikacji polityk środowiskowych. Jednocześnie ekonomia środowiska, która wynika z neoklasycznego trendu ekonomii postrzegania rynku jako niezawodnego mechanizmu regulacji gospodarczej, dowodzi, że niewidzialna ręka rynku zawodzi w ochronie środowiska. Dlatego należy stosować różnego rodzaju instrumenty, zwłaszcza te związane z regulacją pośrednią (w tym takie instrumenty ekonomiczne jak podatki), które wspierają działania związane z ograniczaniem degradacji środowiska. Warto też dodać, że uznanie przesłanek metodologicznych tej nauki sprzyja nie tylko rozwojowi tej dyscypliny, ale przede wszystkim pokazuje, że ma ona zastosowanie. Zasady wypracowane przez ekonomię środowiska powinny być stosowane w praktyce przez wszystkich uczestników życia gospodarczego, od konsumentów po producentów i rządy, aby zachować nie tylko aktualne zasoby naturalne, ale przede wszystkim zapewnić możliwości rozwoju kolejnym pokoleniom.

EN

The fact that problems of environmental degradation and its protection are gaining importance is caused, among others, by limitations in management efficiency. It forces us to look at economic processes with consideration of output of such disciplines that indicate how one should manage in a situation of reduced availability of natural resources. Such discipline, without any doubts, is environmental protection. This science indicates methods and economic instruments that can be applied in economic practice necessary for environmental protection. It deals also with problems related to economic studies of implications of environmental policies. At the same environmental economics that results from neoclassical trend of economics looking at the market as unfailing mechanism of economic regulation proves that invisible hand of market fails in case of environmental protection. That is why we should apply different types of instruments especially these related to indirect regulation (including such economic instruments as taxes) that support actions related to limitation of environmental degradation. It is worth also to add that recognition of methodological premises of this science supports not only development of this discipline but first of all it shows that it is applicable. The principles developed by environmental economics should be applied in practice by all participants of economic life from consumers and to producers and governments in order to keep not only current natural resources but most importantly ensure the development opportunities for next generations.

4

Badanie regionalnych zróżnicowań stanu zdrowia społeczeństwa i infrastruktury sektora ochrony zdrowia w Polsce w świetle założeń polityki zdrowotnej

100%

Korporowicz V.

|

nr 4

219-237

PL

In this study of the relationship between the state of health of the population and the level of infrastructure in the regional perspective Spearman coefficient was used. Factors analyzed included mortality rates due to diseases of civilization, average life expectancy in relation to, for example, the number of employed medical staff and the number of outpatient counseling. The highest correlation is observed in case of (a) infant mortality and the number of employed medical staff, (b) mortality due to external causes (including accidents) and the number of rescue teams to one resident. Thus it can be concluded that there are correlations between health and certain aspects of physical and social infrastructure.