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1

The Influence of Dualism and Pragmatism on Physical Education

100%

Kudláček M.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2009

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tom 46

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nr 1

109-115

EN

Physical education is an area in which most professionals focus only on the body and its needs. Most PE teachers do not believe that having an understanding of philosophy is important in order to be a good teacher. One might ask why the physical educators think this. Looking at the history of philosophy we might find the answer within philosophy itself. Physical education is an unquestionable part of the school curriculum, but it does not have the same value as other subjects. The importance of PE is underestimated as school administrators stress the importance of academic subjects. The reason why physical education is so strongly separated from academic disciplines is because of its roots in ancient Greek times, when the soul was separated from the body. Medieval scholars stressed the importance of soul and cursed body as the nest of sins. From then on we have had dualism, a term which is widely adopted by western society. Dualism is so deep in us that we do not realize its impact any more. Other strong educational influence came from great thinkers such as: Comenius (1592-1670), Rousseau (1712-1778) and Dewey (1859-1952). Particularly Dewey's influence on American education, society, psychology, philosophy and way of life is significant. An importance of the experience is valued by Pragmatism. Pragmatists believe that the curriculum should be focused on the child and not on facts, they remind us about the role of education in society, and about the realization of the deep roots of division of our bodily and mental functions. The opportunities offered by the pragmatist's approach to education can help us to improve U.S. education, particularly physical education, and thus to use this to improve the state of American society.

2

The Influence of Dualism and Pragmatism on Physical Education

100%

Kudláček M.

|

tom 46

|

nr 1

109-115

EN

Physical education is an area in which most professionals focus only on the body and its needs. Most PE teachers do not believe that having an understanding of philosophy is important in order to be a good teacher. One might ask why the physical educators think this. Looking at the history of philosophy we might find the answer within philosophy itself. Physical education is an unquestionable part of the school curriculum, but it does not have the same value as other subjects. The importance of PE is underestimated as school administrators stress the importance of academic subjects. The reason why physical education is so strongly separated from academic disciplines is because of its roots in ancient Greek times, when the soul was separated from the body. Medieval scholars stressed the importance of soul and cursed body as the nest of sins. From then on we have had dualism, a term which is widely adopted by western society. Dualism is so deep in us that we do not realize its impact any more. Other strong educational influence came from great thinkers such as: Comenius (1592-1670), Rousseau (1712-1778) and Dewey (1859-1952). Particularly Dewey's influence on American education, society, psychology, philosophy and way of life is significant. An importance of the experience is valued by Pragmatism. Pragmatists believe that the curriculum should be focused on the child and not on facts, they remind us about the role of education in society, and about the realization of the deep roots of division of our bodily and mental functions. The opportunities offered by the pragmatist's approach to education can help us to improve U.S. education, particularly physical education, and thus to use this to improve the state of American society.

3

European Inclusive Physical Education Training

51%

Kudláček M. , Ješina O. , Flannagan P.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2010

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tom 3

14-17

EN

The purpose of this presentation is to introduce the outcomes of the project European Inclusive Physical Education Training (EIPET; LLP/LdV/TOI/2007/IRL-502). The project aims to tackle difficulties that arise associated with the inclusion of children with disabilities into general education; and associated current deficiencies in initial and continued physical education teacher training to deal with same. The purpose of this article is to describe job specific functions, which general PE teachers can face in inclusive physical education, and related professional competencies, which teachers should acquire in their pre-service or in-service training. The functional map was developed based on the model of service delivery titled PAPTECA to reflect systematic step in teaching children with disabilities in inclusive PE. We will discuss the implication of functional map and competence framework for teacher preparation programs in light of presented barriers and facilitators of inclusive physical education. We will provide practical examples of modules and courses build on the EIPET theoretical framework. We will discuss the possibilities and limitations related to the theoretical principles, practical training and practicum experiences working with persons with disabilities as part of EIPET module (introductory APA courses).