Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Rozrachunek z przeszłością (radzieckie i rosyjskie dyskusje wokół pojęcia stalinizmu)

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Stobiecki R.

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tom 53

PL

Wydanie publikacji dofinansowane przez Komitet Badań Naukowych

EN

This article is an attempt of presenting and analysing the last soviet and russian discussions on stalinism. The policy of pierestroika and glasnost started by Michail Gorbaczov released the social need of an account with the past, especially with the modern history of Russia. Both literature and film gave an inspiration for a great public discussion on Stalin and stalinism. At the begining of that quarel the historians stood aside. During the course of discussion the official definition of stalinism was thrown away. According to that previous definition, stalinism was „an overcoming an illness of socialism” . That was stated by Nikita Chruszczów in his report during the XX Meeting of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1956. Then the fundamental principles and the genesis of stalinism were declared. Also the connections with the revolution of 1917 year and policy of Bolsheviks were shown. There were even some attempts of interpretation the stalinism as a such kind of psychologic phenomena. These discussions are still over. They are an evidence of a great historic reorientation of the social memory of the past. The canon of official history was thrown away and that caused the appearance of many different, even contradictory histories. In many discourses the past is treated instrumentally. Many different explanations of it show us the deep political and religious divisions in the mentality of post soviet society.

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Stalinowska unifikacja nauki historycznej (przykład Polski)

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Stobiecki R.

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PL

Wydanie publikacji dofinansowane przez Komitet Badań Naukowych

RU

Сталинизм в науке истории пытается представить идеологическую картину прошлого таким образом, чтобы могла она легитимизировать тоталитарную систему партии - государство. Сталининская модель истории как науки создана в тридцатых годах в СССР, свое соответствие нашла во всех странах так называемой народной демократии. Анализ явления сталинизации науки истории в этих странах требует ответа на вопросы: В какой степени она является копией советской модели? А в какой степени имеет она свои собственные черты в каждой из этих стран? В статье дано попытки ответить на эти вопросы на примере Польши. Автор описывает явление сталинизации в аспекте двух элементов: организационной структуры и методологических принципов. Начатая на переломе сороковых и пятидесятых годов политика сталинизации принесла новые структуры партийной науки, а также уничтожение или кризис традиционных научных учреждений. Тогда польской науке истории дано сталининскую интерпретацию теории исторического материализма. Перелом в этой политике наступил в 1953-1956 гг. Однако так называемый расчет со сталининским наследием произошел в 1956-1957 гг. и был лишь частичным и неполным. Некоторые элементы сталининской модели науки истории, несмотря на критику, остались в польской историографии до восьмидесятых годов (между прочим в несколько измененной версии) теория общественно-экономических формации.

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Historia zatrzymana w kalendarzu

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Stobiecki R. , Uniwersytet Łódzki I. H.

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tom 22

EN

This paper is an attempt to reflect on the calendar as a historical source for contemporary history. The author’s commentary was prompted by Kalendarz robotniczy na rok 1953 (Workers’ calendar for 1953) published by “Książka i Wiedza”. The publication came out at the height of Stalinism; analyzing it allows one to take a closer look at the atmosphere of this period from its own unique perspective, as well as search for its characteristics. The aim of this paper boils down to two questions. What sort of vision of the world, and of humanity emerges from the calendar? What role was played by historical content, or speaking more broadly, what views about the past, as in historical memory, were supposed to be imposed, popularized, and disseminated by the aforementioned publication?

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Historia historiografii jako historia idei

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Stobiecki R.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2014

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nr 3(344)

55-68

EN

This paper attempts to examine the reciprocal relationship between history of historiography, and history of ideas. The author’s purpose is to prove that within each domain in the scope of interest of history of historiography (infrastructure of historical science, theoretical and methodological assumptions, the vision of history) it forms a dialogue with the history of ideas, designed as a separate discipline by Arthur Lovejoy, as well as the ones which expand it and are included in broadly understood intellectual history. This primarily happens because both disciplines are deeply rooted in culture, which, however banal it may appear, has a historical dimension. The relationships mentioned are reflected in the Polish post-war history of historiography, in particular achievements of Marian H. Serejski as well as his students and colleagues.

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Rec.: Historia w Uniwersytecie Lwowskim. Badania i nauczanie do 1939 r., red. Jerzy Maternicki, Joanna Pisulińska, Leonid Zaszkilniak, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Rzeszów 2016, ss. 662

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Stobiecki R.

Galicja. Studia i materiały

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2017

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nr 3: "200 lat Ossolineum"

451-458