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1
Content available Influence of Effluent Quality from Sludge Dewatering on Electricity Consumption
100%
Hyrycz M. , Ochowiak M. , Krupińska A. , Włodarczak S.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2023
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tom Vol. 25, nr 3
50--55
EN
During the dewatering process, centrate is produced, which is returned to the beginning of the technological system. The quality of the resulting centrate, and therefore the size of the returned load of pollutants, affects the demand for electricity in the process of biological wastewater treatment. The following study presents the results of centrate quality tests at five wastewater treatment plants located in Poland. The dependence between suspended solids content and ammonia and COD concentrations in the centrate was determined. It was estimated that an increase in the overall suspended solids leads to an increase in COD by about 1.15 kgCOD/kgTSS. No correlation was found between TSS concentration and ammonia. It was calculated that the complete elimination of suspended solids from the sludge would reduce the electricity consumption for all five objects by about 535 MWh/y.
2
Content available The Modified Primary Swirl Sedimentation Tanks in Waste Liquids Treatment Plant : Liquid Viscosity Effect
100%
Markowska M. , Ochowiak M. , Włodarczak S. , Matuszak M.
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2020
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tom Vol. 46, no. 3
42--48
EN
This paper discusses design, evaluation, and application for the use of swirl/vortex technologies as liquid purification system. A study was performed using modified swirl sedimentation tanks. The vortex separators containing baffle have been studied under laboratory conditions at hydraulic load from 21 to 64 [m3/(m2·h)]. Analyzed disperser phases were municipal water and glycerol solutions of varying concentration. The pressure drop and the efficiency of purification of liquid stream were analyzed. The suspended particles of different diameters were successfully removed from liquid with the application of swirl chambers of proposed constructions. It was found that damming of liquid in the tank increases alongside liquid stream at the inlet and depends on the tank construction. The efficiency of the sedimentation tanks increases alongside the diameters of solid particles and decrease in the liquid flow rate. The best construction proved to be the one where baffle is located in the middle of in- and outlet due to the highest efficiency of the purification liquid stream for solid particles of the smallest diameter. The proposed solution is an alternative to the constructions of heavy fraction separators.
3
Content available Analysis of the dedusting process in a rectangular chamber filter
88%
Krupińska A. , Ochowiak M. , Włodarczak S. , Matuszak M. , Kaźmierczak J.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2022
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tom Vol. 24, nr 4
72--77
EN
Purifying air from dust is a very important, current topic. There are many methods to minimize the amount of dust, one of them being chamber filters. This paper presents the research results of a newly designed rectangular chamber filter. The efficiency of the dedusting process is influenced by contamination properties, but also by the construction of the apparatus, inlet, and outlet location, the ratio of certain dimensions, and the gas flow rate. The airflow containing solid particles is a multi-phase, difficult-to-describe issue, therefore an attempt to determine the trajectory of particle movement in the apparatus was carried out using the PIV method. A decrease in the dedusting efficiency was observed with the increase of the gas flow rate, as well as for smaller diameters of the solid particles. The obtained values of the efficiency of the apparatus are comparable with the values obtained for the constructions discussed in other papers.
4
Content available Testing the effect of new constructions of swirl insert on spray parameters
75%
Włodarczak S. , Janecki D. , Czajkowski B. , Szmyt A. , Krupińska A. , Matuszak M. , Ochowiak M.
Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers
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2023
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tom Vol. 44, nr 2
art. no. e8
EN
The paper presents the concept of new swirl inserts. An empty two-phase swirl flow atomizer, and three atomizers with inserts were designed, manufactured and tested. The tested atomizers did not differ in terms of their geometric dimensions, with the only variable being the type swirl chamber filling. Flow resistance and spray angle values were analysed for all the evaluated structures. It was shown that the presence of a swirl insert does not significantly increase flow resistance, but instead results in larger spray angles. Taking into account the values of flow resistance and spray angles, the best design solution turned out to be the set of inserts No. 2.
5
Content available Determination of twist drill bits wear: the effect of the composition and structure of the steels
63%
Prałat K. , Krupińska A. , Ochowiak M. , Włodarczak S. , Matuszak M. , Ciemnicka J. , Koper A. , Wójcicka K.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2022
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tom Vol. 24, nr 3
8--13
EN
The aim of the study was to relate the infl uence of the chemical composition, structure, and basic properties as hardness of the tested drill bits on resistance to their wear. The chemical composition of the drill bit was investigated using the electric excitation emission spectrometry method and EDS microanalysis. Metallographic specimens were prepared and observed to determine the structure of each tool. Hardness tests were carried out on the shank and the working part of the tools. Material wear tests were carried out on the basis of measuring the wear of the drill bit flank. It has been shown that the appropriate selection of the chemical composition and heat treatment has a signifi cant impact on the wear resistance of cutting tools, which directly translates into their quality.
6
Content available The analysis of pressure drop, spray angle, and sprinkling intensity distribution in the spray stream produced by the water-foam nozzle
63%
Ochowiak M. , Krupińska A. , Włodarczak S. , Matuszak M. , Zielińska P. , Czernek K. , Witczak S. , Wilk T.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2022
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tom Vol. 24, nr 2
42--49
EN
This paper summarises a series of large-scale fire suppression tests conducted to simulate a fire in the big surface and/or surface sprinkling. The subject of this paper is the research on water spraying with the use of the Turbo Jet 2011 water-foam nozzle manufactured by Supon Białystok. The results discuss the pressure losses caused by the flow through the discharge hose, spray angle, and the intensity of surface sprinkling. The greatest stream ranges and the highest maximum values of the sprinkling intensity were obtained at the capacity of 400 l/min, and a solid spray angle. The smallest values were obtained at 200 l/min, a pressure of 5 bar, and a solid spray angle. The actual pressures taking into account the losses in the hose section were calculated. As for the highest firefighting effectiveness of the stream, the authors recommended the following parameters: semi spray angle, 200 l/min, and 2.5 bar.
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