In 2020 breeding birds were counted on a sample plot in the nature reserve “Świnia Góra” (34 ha) in the Świętokrzyskie Forest (SE Poland). The reserve protects upland, multi-species forests aged 150–230 years, with dominating beech and fir. The census revealed that the breeding avifauna has changed only slightly during the last 25 years with regard to bird numbers and species composition. Although ecological conditions remained fairly stable throughout the study period, the densities of some species changed considerably. Strong increases were found for the Common Firecrest Regulus ignicapilla (0.6–3.5p/10 ha ), Goldcrest R. regulus (0.9–2.2 p/10 ha), Blackbird Turdus merula (1.0–2.9 p/01 ha) and Song Thrush T. philomelos (0.6– 1.9 p/10 ha), while declines for Blue Tits Cyanistes caeruleus (3.4–1.5 p/10 ha), Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita (2.2–1.2 p/10 ha) and the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (2.8–0.3 p/10 ha). These changes usually corresponded with the national trends.
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