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PL
Badania populacji cisa przeprowadzono w latach 2010‒2011 w Wysokiej Lelowskiej niedaleko wsi Żarki Letnisko i Przybynów. Wyznaczono 4 poletka badawcze o wymiarach 10 × 20 m. Dla każdego poletka oznaczono wszystkie gatunki roślin, sporządzono listę florystyczną oraz wykonano zdjęcie fitosocjologiczne w aspekcie wiosennym i letnim. Na tej podstawie określono zbiorowisko roślinne jako zdegradowaną postać Fraxino-Alnetum. Populacja cisa składa się z 71 osobników, u których wykonano pomiar wysokości i pierśnicy. Pierśnica cisów zawiera się w przedziale 1‒29 cm. Średnia grubość wynosi 7.27 cm, a średnia wysokość wszystkich osobników to 6.98 m. Najwyższy cis mierzy 13.3 m. Większość cisów jest rozgałęziona (59%) i posiada najczęściej 5, 3 lub 2 pnie. 38% populacji jest jednopniowa. 2 osobniki (3%) mają formę krzewiastą. Średnie zagęszczenie cisów na wszystkich powierzchniach badawczych wynosi 8.8/100 m2. Struktura płciowa została określona dla 97% populacji: 62% to osobniki żeńskie, a 33% męskie. Pomimo przewagi liczby osobników żeńskich w Wysokiej Lelowskiej, populacja nie odnawia się. Odnaleziono tylko 6 siewek o wysokości do 10 cm. Powodem braku odnawiania się cisów może być nadmiernie rozwinięte runo. Z uwagi na dużą liczbę osobników cisa oraz ich dobrą kondycję, badana populacja powinna zostać objęta ochroną rezerwatową.
EN
The research of yew population was carried out in the years 2010‒2011 in Wysoka Lelowska near villages Żarki Letnisko and Przybynów. 4 research plots were established, 10 × 20 meters in dimension. For each research plot, all species was marked and the floristic list was made. The phytosociologial analysis was made in terms of spring and summer. On this basis was stated that the plant community is a degenerated form of Fraxino-Alnetum. The yew population consist of 71 specimens were measured in terms of height and breast height. Breast height of yews ranged between 1 and 29 cm. The average diameter is 7.27 cm and the average height of all specimens is 6.98 m. The tallest yew has reached 13.3 m in height. Most of the yews are branched (59%) and had 5, 3, 2 trunks. 38% population have a monopodium. Two specimens (3%) had a shrubby form. The average density of yews on all plots is 8.8/100 m2. Sex identity was determined in 97% of yews population: 62% were male and 33% female specimens. Despite, that the presence of the female specimens population in Wysoka Lelowska is not regeneration. The seedlings were found in the amount 6 of up to 10 cm. Maybe for reason the yews are not regeneration is over-developed undergrowth. Due to the large number of yews and good condition this population should be protected in nature reserve.
EN
Anti-terrorist measures taken by the police are among the most dangerous operations of the uniformed services, both in the country and beyond its borders. Trained police officers, during their duties, risk their health and lives in order to protect the citizens and their property. During an anti-terrorist operation many external factors encountered in a scene may increase assault squad’s safety and thus also affect the ultimate success of the operation. However, these factors are not always exactly known and, therefore, not taken into consideration during the planning process. One of these factors is the location of the performed action. In order to efficiently eliminate the risk, officers have to know the exact placement of a suspicious object (potential explosives) and be familiar with all features of the environment that may affect ongoing operations, such as building layout, terrain, etc. In such case, it is possible to determine safety zones and evacuation routes for the outsiders. In the absence of time, even more important factor is the planning duration. Most of the anti-terrorist operations require a swift response to the arising threat. Despite having even the most detailed information about the operation’s location, there is often no time to take full advantage of this knowledge. Therefore every second, which can be saved on action planning, might become invaluable later on. After all, the ultimate success of the operation is often dependent on its speed.
EN
The goal of this paper is to present a solution for detection of human interference in leak detection system for HPFF installation. This solution is based on fuzzy logic. In HPFF systems, that were base of this work, three different types of human interference were observed. For each of them separate systems were developed. This paper describes different types of possible human intervention and solutions for its detection.
6
Content available Power supply and signal filtering for 24-hour ECG
45%
EN
The goal of this research is to present signals filtering for the high resolution Hotter monitoring system. The first part of this paper concentrates on working of human heart and description of architecture of biopotentials recorder. This part also includes proper amplification and filtration of interferences of bioelectric signals. The second part of this research presents practical realization of Holter monitoring system. Special attention is put on proper selection of components of the recorder and joining them into optimal structure.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono system wspomagania decyzji odnośnie do oceny stanu ogólnego pacjenta, ze szczególnym naciskiem położonym na choroby układu krążenia i układu oddechowego. Działanie tego systemu jest oparte na danych wejściowych ze standardowego monitora funkcji życiowych (w fazie rozwoju algorytmów dane są również symulowane). Sygnały są przetwarzane i analizowane za pomocą algorytmów opartych, przede wszystkim, na sieciach Bayesa. System na wyjściu powinien generować informację na temat wykrytych problemów, przyszłych zagrożeń, przyczyn pogorszenia zdrowia i propozycji dalszego leczenia.
EN
This paper presents decision support system for estimation of patient's general state, with particular stress laid on cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. It works in conjunction with a standard medical monitor, which provides asset of input signals (for development stage signals are also simulated). The signals are preprocessed and analysed by a set of algorithms, the core of which is based on Bayesian networks. As an output the system should give information about detected problems, eventual future threats, possible causes and suggestions for further treatment.
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