The aim of present article is a characteristic of chosen aspects of language competence of people with moderate mental retardation based on responses of 18 mentally retarded persons with using lexical test. There were measured such competences as: classifying, generalization, matching opposite words, active and passive vocabulary, filling gaps, naming actions and features, interpre¬ting proverbs. Obtained results showed that some of tasks are easy but some are also beyond language possibilities of people with mental retardation. Handicapped people more often use words with wide range of meaning connected with their experience. They do not understand abstract concepts but it is very important to develop their mental lexicon. Conclusions can be used during speech therapy and can facilitate communication process of people with mental retardation.
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