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Scientific tourism. Self-realisation, dialogue-cultural and sacral dimensions

100%

Cynarski W. J. , Ďuriček M.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

2014

tom 14

nr 4

39-45

Problem. The following study shows different dimensions of congress tourism. The authors present a case study of an international scientific conference with references to other conferences and the effort of showing some more general regularity, e.g. a ritual dimension. Methods. Empirical base is an experience of the first of authors in the field of active participation in 50 international scientific abroad conferences. In the logical order it is: Type of research – fieldwork; Type of a general method – case study; Type of data collecting – active participant observation, with references to other similar cases. In addition, a content analysis of the literature is used. The study was conducted from the perspective of anthropological-systemic theory of tourism, sociology of tourism and tourism concept of non-entertaining excursion. Results and conclusions. Scientific tourism is an interesting example of combining the features of several varieties of tourism. In addition to purely scientific purposes there are elements of congress tourism, transport, cultural, or religious. In the interpretation of this type of event tourism one must therefore take into account dimensions of self-realisation, dialogue-a cultural and religious one.

Problem. Jest to opracowanie ukazujące zróżnicowane wymiary turystyki kongresowej. Autorzy przedstawiają studium przypadku jednej z międzynarodowych konferencji naukowych, z odniesieniami do innych konferencji i staraniem o ukazanie pewnych, bardziej ogólnych prawidłowości. Metody. Bazą empiryczną jest doświadczenie pierwszego z autorów w zakresie czynnego uczestnictwa w 50 zagranicznych, międzynarodowych konferencjach naukowych. Czyli jest to swego rodzaju obserwacja uczestnicząca i „badania terenowe”. Zastosowano metodę studium przypadku, z odniesieniami do innych, podobnych przypadków. Ponadto uwzględniono analizę treści literatury przedmiotu. Badania przeprowadzono z perspektywy antropologiczno-systemowej teorii turystyki, socjologii turystyki i koncepcji turystyki nierozrywkowej. Wyniki i konkluzje. Turystyka naukowa jest interesującym przykładem łączenia cech kilku odmian turystyki. Obok celów stricte naukowych występują tu elementy typowe dla turystyki kongresowej, miejskiej, kulturowej, lub także religijnej. W interpretacji tego rodzaju zdarzeń turystycznych należy więc uwzględniać ich wymiary samorealizacyjne, dialogicznokulturowe i sakralne.

Factors of Development of Far Eastern Martial Arts in Central Europe

61%

Cynarski W. , Sieber L. , Obodyński K. , Ďuriček M. , Król P. , Rzepko M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

2009

tom 22

69-75

The aim of the research was to indicate the main factors of development declared by the practitioners of the different disciplines of martial arts and combat sports in selected countries of Central Europe. In particular, such variables as training location and type of martial arts/combat sports have been taken into consideration. Five research questions have been established which should be answered in order to find the solution to the posed problem.The theoretical perspective for analyses presented here consists of sociology of sport and humanist theory of martial arts. This approach results in the need for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the answers to questions about the barriers of development according to the variables of the practiced variety (a martial art, a combat sport) and the place of training.The method of diagnostic survey has been used. The research was conducted on a group of 500 subjects from south-eastern Poland, Slovakia, Germany and additionally (for comparison) from England, of which 489 were accepted for the study. This number includes 137 representatives of kyokushin karate from Poland, 143 Polish karatekas of non-contact varieties, 18 representatives of jujitsu and karate from Germany, 37 aikidokas from Poland (a martial art without sportive rivalry), 107 judokas from Poland and 24 judokas from Slovakia, with an additional 23 British rugby players. The selection of the group was deliberate and complete, taking into account the representatives of various martial arts and combat sports, with rugby used for comparative purposes.Practicing martial arts oriented to self-realization, determines the motivation for their practice, which differs from the motivation in sport (combat sports). It influences the dominating choices of values-goals and popularity, thus the development of given varieties. Both martial arts and combat sports of Asian origin (aikido, judo, jujitsu, karate) attract practitioners, mainly due to their usefulness in self-defense. The values connected with training and sportive rivalry (combat sports, rugby) are also noticed. The variable of place (country) is connected with the dominating forms in promoting a given martial art or combat sport.