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Analiza stylów i mechanizmów obronnych u osobowości typu D

100%

Guzińska K. , Jopek A. , Lutkiewicz K.

tom XIX

nr 4

544-559

The aim of this study was to investigate the defence styles of individuals with type D personality. The study involved 62 individuals: 31 were respondents diagnosed with the coronary heart disease and 31 healthy subjects (without any cardiovascular system conditions). The average age in both groups was 61 years. Three research techniques were used in the study: a survey including demographic and medical parameters; a questionnaire for the evaluation of the type D personality – DS14 designed by Denollet; Defense Style Questionnaire DSQ- 40 designed by Bond and Wesley (1996). The subjects with the distressed personality made use of all defence styles, but they chose the least adaptive the most often. The non-adaptive style, imaginatively-distorting style and self-sacrificing style were presented more frequently by individuals with the distressed personality, while the adaptive style was chosen more often by respondents not demonstrating any traits of the type D personality. Meanwhile, the non-adaptive style prevailed in both study groups. The type D personality is associated most strongly with such defence mechanisms, as: somatization, consumption activities, projection, sublimation, acting out, regression, reaction formation, social withdrawal, fantasy and isolation. The defence mechanisms of suppression and inhibition are not specific for the distressed personality.

Prężność psychiczna przyszłych matek oraz kolejność ciąży jako moderatory budowania więzi z nienarodzonym jeszcze dzieckiem

100%

Pawlicka P. , Chrzan-Dętkoś M. , Lutkiewicz K.

Family Forum

2013

tom 3

139-152

Resilience understood as mental strength and resourcefulness of life is also important during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. The level of resilience can decide how the expectant mother will perceive the process of pregnancy, childbirth and all difficulties related to this time and thereby establish bond with her child. This bond is formed during the prenatal period and is extremely important for the proper development, as the quality of attachment in pregnancy is related to the quality of attachment after childbirth. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship of psychological resilience of mothers and their sense of bond with the unborn child, taking into account three variables, significant for the perception of pregnancy and building the mother-child attachment during this period: the order of pregnancy (first or subsequent), experiencing difficulties with conceiving and the level of perceived support from a partner and other loved ones. The study involved 89 women in the third trimester of pregnancy. 73% of the first pregnancy, while 27% of the subsequent (second or third) pregnancy. 24.5% of women surveyed by us experienced trouble with conceiving. The women completed the questionnaire Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale and the Scale of Resilience, as well as a questionnaire about the course of the current pregnancy, the subjective sense of support from loved ones and a personal sense of preparation for the impending birth. Results: Resilience proved to be a significant factor in creating a bond with the unborn child, but different aspects of it have proven to be important for women who are pregnant for the first and subsequent time. The feeling of support from loved ones is important in mother-fetal attachment, however solely for women in their first, not second or third pregnancy. In addition, women who have experienced difficulty with conceiving, compared with women who did not experience such difficulties, developed more intense attachment with their yet unborn child and created stronger mental representation of the child. The results of the study revealed a different psychological experience of pregnancy, depending on whether it is first or subsequent, as well as the necessity of taking into account the history of any difficulties with conceiving in the analysis of the mother-fetal attachment.