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EN
The article highlights the stages and content of research and experimental work on the realization of pedagogical conditions offormation in teenagers of the notions of happiness as personal self-realization. The essence of the concept “pedagogical conditions” is specified. Pedagogical conditions for the formation in teenagers ideas about happiness as personal self-realization are determined and theoretically grounded. The process of enriching the content of educational activity of teenagers’ educational material related to the coverage of the ways to achieve human happiness in life is reviewed. The list of educational disciplines in the process of studying of which the students’ interest in the problem of happiness has become more active is given in the article. It became possible to include additional materials on the named topic. The examples of questions and problems with the help of which it was established which basic ideas about happiness have pupils are given, what were the prevailing ideas about happiness at different stages of society’s development, what is the essence of the phenomenon of happiness from the position of modern science and with the support of concrete examples from the life of real people, the conditions and circumstances that contribute to a sense of happiness, as well as the ways to achieve it. The forms of work with sources of various information about happiness are described: preparation of reports, organization of discussions, round tables and game-discussions on the lessons of Ethics and Health Basics; reading and discussion of literary texts of different genres and types provided by the school curriculum in such disciplines as Ukrainian literature and Foreign literature; listening to classical music, singing songs in Ukrainian and English; enrichment of emotional and aesthetic experience during perception of the surrounding world, interpretation and evaluation of works of fine art and the like. The process of formation teenagers’ ideas of happiness as a personality’s self-realization continued during the realization of the second condition, aimed at organization of extracurricular cognitive activity with the purpose of forming in teenagers the notion of happiness as personal self-realization, as well as the third condition – attracting schoolchildren to communication and socially useful activities as a means of ensuring their personalization and stimulating their sense of happiness from the results of their work. It is proved that realization of certain and theoretically grounded pedagogical conditions contributes to the increase in the effectiveness of the process of forming in teenagers the notion of happiness as personal self-realization.
EN
When reviewing the work demand factor on human it is necessary to consider the analyses of requirements on locomotive organs, mental processes and also requirements on human sensual functions. The document points out possibilities of usage selected methods of work activity studies in particular conditions. It shows that by realizing precautions, which are a result of the workload analysis it is possible to achieve workload decrease and also work productivity increase.
EN
Retirement transition is a complex and heterogeneous process, determined by many factors. The article presents a systematic review of research on teachers’ preparation for retirement and career extinction. The purpose of the research was to identify research reports devoted to the process of teachers’ transition and/or preparation for retirement, considering the theoretical and methodological frameworks used by the researchers. The analysis of the results led to a breakdown of the theoretical frameworks used by researchers in scientific disciplines and indicated researchers’ interest in retirement preparation, psychosocial aspects of aging, retirement well-being, and quality of life of end-of-career teachers. Under-explored are issues related to retirement support strategies, factors supporting retirement transitions, and factors pushing and delaying the retirement process.
PL
Przejścia emerytalne to złożony i niejednorodny proces determinowany przez wiele czynników. Artykuł prezentuje przegląd systematyczny badań dotyczących przygotowania do emerytury i wygaszania aktywności zawodowej przez nauczycieli. Celem badań była identyfikacja raportów badawczych poświęconych procesowi przejścia i/lub przygotowania do emerytury przez nauczycieli z uwzględnieniem stosowanych przez badaczy ram teoretyczno-metodologicznych. Analiza wyników doprowadziła do podzielenia wykorzystanych przez badaczy ram teoretycznych na dyscypliny naukowe oraz wskazała na zainteresowanie badaczy przygotowaniami do emerytury, psychospołecznymi aspektami starzenia się, dobrostanem emerytalnym oraz jakością życia nauczycieli kończących aktywność zawodową. Niedostatecznie eksplorowane są zagadnienia związane ze strategiami wsparcia w przechodzeniu na emeryturę, czynnikami wspierającymi proces tranzycji emerytalnych oraz czynnikami wypychającymi i opóźniającymi proces przejścia na emeryturę.
EN
A considerable percentage of Polish children from agricultural families are engaged by their parents in performing work activities on farms. The performance of these tasks arouses various emotional reactions in children, from the feeling of threat, fear and anxiety, to the feeling of satisfaction, being contented and proud. The subjective feeling of happiness and life satisfaction is an extremely important factor affecting the mental health and functioning of a human being. The objective of the study was to show to what extent the quality of communication between children and parents, and the level of family cohesion and adaptability according to the Circumplex Model by D. H. Olson et al., modifi es children’s emotional reactions associated with the tasks performed. The study covered 192 children aged 12-13, whose parents were running a family farm. Growing up in a healthy family characterised by a balanced level of cohesion, adaptability and good communication with the father and mother, favours the occurrence in children of pleasant emotions in reaction to work which they undertake on behalf of their parents on a farm. In such families, more often than in families with bad communication and dysfunctional families (disengaged, rigid), children experience satisfaction, have a feeling of deepening bonds with their parents, and the feeling of being more adult and preparing themselves well for adult life. Family characteristics which are evidence of disorders in its functioning (lack of good communication with the father, mother, lack of bonds between family members, rigid, chaos in a family) co-occur with the child experiencing unpleasant emotional states in associated with the work performed, there occur feelings of dissatisfaction, unhappiness, unpleasantness, the feeling that it would be better to learn than to work.
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