Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Broń palna i przestępstwa z jej użyciem w Polsce i w wybranych krajach Europy

100%

Trzcińska L.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2022

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tom 4(36)

201-215

EN

This article is based on an overview of the legislation on access to firearms in Poland and European countries, as well as an overview of the figures on the number of gun crime. The aim of the article is to present the regulations governing access to firearms in Poland and selected European countries.

2

Importance of Weapons Amnesties in Slovakia

100%

Palko P. , Repčík D.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2016

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tom 19(19)

106-113

EN

Weapons amnesty is closely related to internal order and security. These are important attributes that any democratic, based on the rule of law and consolidated state must protect. The ability of the state to sustain an orderly society, where lawlessness is replaced by the compliance with the law, and to protect the lives, health, property, rights and freedoms of citizens. In real life, it is mainly security and protection against crime of all kinds. One of the means of maintaining internal order and security is undoubtedly a tool of weapon amnesties, when everyone who unlawfully holds a firearm weapon may by law in a limited period with impunity decommission the weapon and ammunition.

3

Weapons licence – administrative and legal analysis

100%

Kubicki W.

Studia Administracyjne

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2019

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nr 11

55-68

EN

Access to weapons has always raised controversy. Different legal systems regulate this issue differently. In some countries the right to possess weapons results directly from the constitutional right to defence. In others, for various reasons, it is close to impossible to obtain a weapons licence necessary from the point of view of legality. It is not an easy task for the legislator to make the regulations not to be too liberal or too restrictive. This publication aims to present existing solutions of the Polish legislator in the substantive scope and to establish the comprehensiveness of the said regulations and the possibility to improve them. The study employs a number of research methods: doctrinal, comparative, historical and analytical method.

4

Aerial Weapon Safety under the Provisions of Law

88%

OGONOWSKI K. , BOGUSZ D.

Safety & Defense

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2019

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tom 5

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nr 1

13-19

EN

The article presents several of many safety aspects regarding aerial weapons. An attempt was made to present problems related to environmental safety, technical services, the transport of hazardous materials in the light of the applicable provisions of Polish and international laws.

5

Aerial Weapon Safety under the Provisions of Law

88%

Ogonowski K. , Bogusz D.

Safety & Defense

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2019

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tom 1

13--19

EN

The article presents several of many safety aspects regarding aerial weapons. An attempt was made to present problems related to environmental safety, technical services, the transport of hazardous materials in the light of the applicable provisions of Polish and international laws.

6

The Impact of Automation of Air Defence Upon the Effectiveness of Combating Air Assault Assets

88%

Radomyski A. , Michalski D.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2018

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tom Vol. 42, No. 4

43--58

EN

The article presents the results of studies which focus on theoretical and empirical aspects of the application of automated systems of command in air defence, including the impact of automation on the efficiency of the process of command and the efficiency of using firearms in case of an aerial threat. The presented findings of proper research identify desirable characteristics which automated systems of command should feature. Apart from the theoretical aspects of implementation of modem technical systems as tools to support commanders in information and decision-making processes, attention was also drawn to their role, impact and relevance on the efficiency of combating military air assault assets. The study also uses the knowledge of experts in the field of air defence, especially at the stage of verifying the directions of development of automated systems to support air defence command. In this regard, the authors focused on the possibility of shortening the process of collection, processing, analysis and transmission of data. It constituted the basic determinant of making quick and rational decisions regarding the optimal use of weapons by commanders.

7

Real “Weapon of mass destruction”

88%

Piątek J.

Reality of Politics

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2023

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nr 26

89-99

EN

Uncontrolled arms trade is one of today’s global problems. Its consequence is the development of terrorism, drug trafficking, poverty, death of women and children in local conflicts, etc. Since the beginning of the 20th century, international organizations have been established and functioning to limit this practice. For decades, they have provided policymakers, researchers and civil society with impartial, evidence-based and policy-relevant knowledge on all aspects of small arms and armed violence.

8

Novaesium type chape from the area of Międzyrzecz

75%

Kontny B.

Światowit

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2018

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tom 57

83-88

EN

A copper alloy chape was found by chance by a detectorist, Ernest Buczkowski, at Silna – several kilometers to the east of Międzyrzecz. It is a unipartite form with an openwork crescent decoration on the front side fastened to the scabbard with the use of a nail. One should attribute the item to the Roman type Novaesium, dated to the late 2nd century and the first half of the 3rd century. Outside the Roman limes, it was popular in the Elbe Circle as well as the Isle of Funen and the Jutland Peninsula during Subphases C1a and C1b. Some of the chapes of the said type (specifically the multipartite specimens) may be treated as barbarian replicas of Roman originals. However, it is not the case for the finding from Międzyrzecz. It is the second find of this type from the territory of Poland. It should be associated with the Wielbark Culture, which was situated in the Międzyrzecz region in the beginning of the Early Roman Period. It makes the finding very intriguing, as this cultural unit is characterised by the lack of weapons among the grave goods; therefore, the one in question sheds some light on the problem of armament in the Wielbark Culture.

9

Środki do czyszczenia i konserwacji broni strzeleckiej

75%

Woźniak R. , Koperski W.

Paliwa, Oleje i Smary w Eksploatacji

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2003

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tom R. 12, nr 115

11-12

EN

Some basic information concerning weapons cleaner are given. Most popular products are presented.

10

Spatha z Konina-Kurowa

75%

Czarnecka K. , Gorczyca K. , Schellner K.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2018

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tom LXIX

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nr 69

190-196

EN

An iron sword was found during the deepening of the Warta river bed in the mid-1960s. It was recovered from the river at the level of the former village of Kurów, presently a district of Konin (Fig. 1). The artefact is stored in the District Museum in Konin. The artefact was preserved in a good condition (Fig. 2). Its total length is 87.3 cm (originally 90 cm). The blade is double edged, tapering slightly towards the point. The cross-section is faceted, almost flat near the point. The flats are even. The cut of the edges is flat. The point is short, beveled into a sharp arc. The length of the blade is 78.6 cm; the length of the point is 5.3 cm; the width of the blade at the hilt is 5.3 cm; the width of the blade at the point is 4.3 cm. The blade corresponds to type B.II.1, cross-section type 11 in the classification of M. Biborski (Fig. 3), and the sword itself represents type Ejsbøl-Sarry, subtype 2 (M. Biborski, J. Ilkjær 2006, p. 259–271, fig. 117). Macroscopic observations (Fig. 5, 6) and a X-ray photo (Fig. 4) indicate that the pattern welding technique was used in making the blade. The ratio of the length of the blade to the hilt and the location of the center of gravity indicate that the sword was intended mainly for fighting from horseback. The most numerous finds of swords of the type Ejsbøl-Sarry come from the bog deposits in southern Scandinavia (Illerup and Ejsbøl), but they are also known from the territory of the Przeworsk Culture. Their chronology is quite wide. The earliest specimens found as it happens at the sites of the Przeworsk Culture are dated to the phase C2. The vast majority, however, comes from a later period – phase D. The stray find of the sword from Konin-Kurów should be associated with the Przeworsk Culture and dated generally to the phase C2–D. It is noteworthy that the sword from Konin-Kurów was found in a river. In the case of individual objects found in lakes or rivers, it is difficult to establish unequivocally whether we are dealing with an accidental loss, e.g., during a crossing, or with a sacrificial deposit.

11

Conditions for obtaining licenses for trade in weapons, ammunition and explosives

75%

Dela M.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

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2016

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tom Nr 4

5--25

EN

Trafficking in weapons, ammunition and explosives is the activity that is specific, rare, strictly regulated, requiring a license and subject to a detailed inspection by the state authorities in the Polish legal system. This is justified by the need to ensure national security and public order. The author discusses in detail the applicable provisions of the so-called “act on special trading” and a number of priority implementing acts. He presents the following sources of regulations, defines the subject of the licensed activity and dis-cusses requirements for applicants, including issues related to professional preparation, health and technical-organizational conditions. He also analyzes the content of the application for a license, the procedure for granting a concession by a licensing authority and the content of the decision issued. He also takes into account the possibility of a refusal to grant a license, its revocation and changes in the scope of a license, indicating the applicant’s right to challenge the decision by requesting for review with extraordinary rendition or in the course of administrative court proceedings.

12

Groty broni drzewcowej o cechach skandynawskich w kulturze luboszyckiej

75%

Andrzejewska A. , Demkowicz K.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2015

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nr 30

109-135

EN

The armament from the Luboszyce culture is a true mix of influences coming either from the West, East or even the North. The contacts with the last of these have already been mentioned in the publications dealing with the cultural processes in the basins of middle Oder and Elbe rivers, however, in none of them was the true intensity of this phenomenon emphasized with proper strength. The purpose of this article is to change this situation by focusing on the category of shafted weapons’ heads. Scandinavianlike artifacts of this type from the territory of the Luboszyce culture are dated mostly within the C1b and C2 periods. However, some single loose (and thereby devoid of reliable context) finds that represent the head types of lesser chronological sensitivity might even be positioned as early as the phase C1a, while others as late as phase C3. The overall number of northern type spearheads is 19 from the total of 102 finds of this weapon category from the culture in question, which brings a strong 18% ratio. As far as javelin heads are concerned (3 are known from the discussed territory), all of tchem show Scandinavian influence. This means that the population of the Luboszyce culture maintained really intense contacts with the North in the very time of the unrests that led to the creation of the Danish bog deposits. In the discussed group of artifacts one peculiar feature can be observed. Many of the Scandinavian - like spearheads have a conic (or pyramid) – shaped area of transition between the socket and the leaf. Similar elements can be observed in late roman period spearheads both from the Northern circle and Przeworsk culture, but in either case they are rather infrequent. Within the Luboszyce culture spearheads with the mentioned feature constitute a 10% of the whole weapon category, while among Scandinavianinfluenced artifacts they fetch a 37%. This means that conic/pyramid - shaped socket/leaf transition is far more widespread among northern type spearheads from the Luboszyce culture than they are in genuine Scandinavian contexts. All these peculiarities deserve further, intensive and in-depth studies. Let’s hope further excavations and new finds as well as new research (including laboratory methods such as metallographic examination) of the existing artifacts will enable us to understand their significance better.

PL

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13

Uzbrojenie z cmentarzyska kultury luboszyckiej w Sadzarzewicach, pow. Krosno Odrzańskie

75%

Andrzejewska A. , Demkowicz K.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2015

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nr 30

91-108

EN

The cemetery in Sadzarzewice (former Sadersdorf) is one of the most important archaeological sites in Lower Lusatia and it dates back to the pre-Roman and Roman iron ages. It was included into the Luboszyce culture by Grzegorz Domański in his work from 1979. Along with two other cemeteries, located nearby in Grabice and Luboszyce, the Sadzarzewice complex constitutes the oldest chronological horizon of this taxonomic group, and the region is regarded as the starting point of its later expansion. Despite the site’s great significance for the prehistory studies of the Oder basin, its state of study is far from satisfactory. This is mostly due to the fact it was discovered and explored at the end of the XIXth century, that is in the time archaeological methods were still in development. Further complication was caused by the history of the region – nearly all of the artifacts were lost during WWII, and as an effect, the cemetery’s inventory is known only from a publication dating back to 1895. Nevertheless, during my research for my dissertation on the armament of the Luboszyce culture, I managed to identify a couple of those lost finds. This small group consisted of an ornamented spearhead, an untypical javelin- or arrowhead, and a shield grip. The total number of Roman iron age weapon and equestrian equipment finds from the cemetery is 41 – 4 swords, 2 sword scabbard belt loops, 2 axes, 6 spearheads, 2 javelin heads, 7 arrowheads, 4 shield bosses, 2 shield grips and 12 spurs. The artifacts from Sadzarzewice fit into the phase B2b–C2 (late 2nd–3rd cent. A.D.) range. Those weapons that were possible to date with considerable precision can be situated within the phase C1, some even can be as old as B2b, although there is no certain evidence of such early chronology. Another notable feature of the Sadzarzewice artifacts is the evidence of various interregional influences – either from the West (the Elbian circle) and East (the Wielbark and Przeworsk cultures) which phenomenon, although characteristic for the Luboszyce culture in general, is best observed in the early stages of this unit’s development.

PL

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14

Uzbrojenie na malowidłach ściennych w kościele w Lubecku

75%

Przybyłok A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2015

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nr 30

249-262

EN

Paintings revealed in the Assumption of Holy Virgin Mary church in Lubecko during the conservation works have been pre-dated to the beginning of 15th century. However, after military parts shown on the painting were analyzed, this doens’t seem to be true anymore. All of depicted soldiers wear full plate armours, composed of plate legs and arms protection some of which have gilded protection parts on their joints. Breastplates are rounded and have radiate cannelures. Soldiers’ hips are covered with skirts with foil tassels. That type of breastplates as mentioned above appeared twice in known history of armament: in 2nd half of 15th century and in turn of 15th and 16th. Foil tassels suggest rather that second period. This is the type of armour that was popular in that time; numerous tombstones, examples of iconography and single preserved parts of armours are the proof here. There are few types of helmets shown on the painting: kettle hats, simple shallow skull caps and rare kind of helmet similar to findings from Toruń and Mielno – storczhelme/pekilhube. All pieces of weapon are depicted as schematically as armours. It is worth to notice that swords have pointy forms, good for stabbing. The most interesting one, handled by one of angels, has an even-armed cross-shaped pommel. Additionaly to swords, there are also halberds, hammer-axe and misericorde. Wholeness of the armament seems to be typical for the gothic period. It is highly likely that the author portrayed the reality he knew.

PL

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15

Deactivation of weapons from the perspective of European Union and Kosovo

75%

Suchanek P.

Internal Security

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2016

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tom 8(1)

123-136

EN

Despite existing regulations on weapon acquisition, possession, trade, transfer over the border on EU and UN level, for a long time an issue of deactivation had not been addressed by EU in a comprehensive way until December 2015, the aftermath of the series of terrorist attacks in several EU Member States. . For some years after the amended Firearms Directive 2008/15/EC had come into force, except for the framework guidelines, there was neither a sense of common understanding for the concept of deactivation, nor definite, technical requirements for all EU Member States. In result, deactivated firearms that were legally transferred or illegally trafficked within EU territory were very likely to be reactivated by criminals and re-introduced into illicit weapon market. The article describes the path that has finally led to the establishment of the EU requirements on deactivation, presenting on the other hand, the struggle for the set-up of sound anti-reactivation provisions by one of the newest countries on the European map, that is Kosovo. This young state has had to overcome the post conflict situation and has started to introduce a versatile control over the civilian weapon market. As Kosovo has been strictly cooperating with EU and UN on public security related issues, the topic of regulating the weapon market became one of the issues of legitimate concern both for Brussels and Pristina. In case of the deactivation, Kosovo authorities assisted by international experts, prepared comprehensive solutions in their domestic legislation, which came into force long before the establishment of EU common guidelines on deactivation standards and techniques for ensuring that deactivated firearms are rendered irreversibly inoperable set in December 2015.

16

‘Warrior-women’ in Viking Age Scandinavia? A preliminary archaeological study

75%

Gardeła L.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

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2013

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tom 8

273–340

EN

This paper seeks to provide a new contribution to the debates on Viking Age women by focusing on a rather controversial notion of ‘female warriors’. The core of the article comprises a preliminary survey of archaeological evidence for female graves with weapons (axes, spears,swords and arrowheads) from Viking Age Scandinavia. Attention is focused not only on the types of weapons deposited with the deceased, but first and foremost on the meanings which similar practices may have had for the past societies. The author discusses why, where and how the weapons were placed in female graves and attempts to trace some patterns in this unusual funerary behaviour. In addition to exploring the funerary evidence, the iconographic representations of what could be regarded as ‘female warriors’ are also briefly considered. Lastly, a few remarks are also made on the notion of armed women in the textual sources

17

„The Ionians at War?“ Die Waffenweihungen in den ionischen Heiligtümern und das Apollon‑Heiligtum von Didyma

75%

Verčík M.

Studia Hercynia

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2017

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tom 21

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nr 2

7-26

EN

Weapons and armour were among the most frequent kinds of offerings made in the sanctuaries of the Greek world during the Archaic period. There exists an extensive bibliography and important theories concerning their significance. It was, however, only recently that most of the weapon votives preserved from about 130 cult places were analysed in summary. This synopsis pointed out certain differences in terms of chronology and chorology: the finds of weapons and armour were unearthed mainly in the Panhellenic or supra‑regional sanctuaries in the southern and central Greece (Olympia, Delphi, Kalapodi etc.), whereas the cult places in the eastern Aegean remained relatively poor in these dedications; in Attika and Magna Graecia on the other hand the amount of the votives only started to increase in the 6th c. BC. The aim of this study is to complement the picture of weapons and armour dedicated in sanctuaries of the ancient Greek world with the recently published and excavated finds from the eastern Aegean region of Ionia.

18

‘With a Weapon in Hand and a Horse by Side.’ Weapons and Horse Harness in Graves of Vekerzug Culture from an Interregional Perspective

63%

Kozubová A.

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nr 42

81-112

EN

This study deals with graves of Vekerzug culture, which contained weapons and horse harness. These graves reflect an evident social differentiation of Vekerzug society. Special attention in the study was paid to the most accurate geographic and cultural determination of the origin of individual weapon types and horse harness components in the context of new knowledge about Vekerzug culture and answering the question to what extent these finds reflect its interregional contacts. Important is also definition of possible armament schemes of Vekerzug culture and their comparison with armament schemes in the neighbouring cultural regions, especially with the forest-steppe Western Podolian group, Ciumbrud culture and Ferigile culture. Cultural and spatial analyses of individual types of weapons and horse harness as well as of the armament schemes of Vekerzug culture show that the problem of interregional contacts of this culture, mainly the eastern ones, must be considered more differentially than it has been previously presented in scientific literature. At the same time, they confirm the recent knowledge that the effect of eastern influences on Vekerzug culture is in scientific literature without a reason constantly overestimated.

19

Karabinek reprezentacyjny MSBS-5,56R systemu MSBS-5,56

63%

Woźniak R. , Zawisza M. , Zahor M. , Madej P.

Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa

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2018

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tom Vol. 9, Nr 3 (33)

125--138

PL

W dniu 3 maja 2016 r. na Placu Zamkowym w Warszawie, podczas uroczystości państwowych z okazji 225. rocznicy uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 Maja – w obecności Prezydenta RP, najwyższych władz Rzeczpospolitej oraz licznie zebranych gości – po raz pierwszy w dziejach oręża polskiego Kompania Reprezentacyjna Wojska Polskiego wystąpiła z oryginalną, polską indywidualną bronią ceremonialną – karabinkiem reprezentacyjnym MSBS-5,56R kalibru 5,56 mm. Kolejna ważna prezentacja MSBS-5,56R polskiemu społeczeństwu miała miejsce podczas centralnych obchodów Święta Wojska Polskiego w Warszawie, również z udziałem najwyższych władz państwowych, w dniu 15 sierpnia 2016 r. Karabinek reprezentacyjny został skonstruowany przez Fabrykę Broni „Łucznik”-Radom Sp. z o.o. (FB Radom) i Instytut Techniki Uzbrojenia (ITU) Wydziału Mechatroniki i Lotnictwa (WML) Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej (WAT) w ścisłej współpracy z Dowództwem Garnizonu Warszawa (DGW). W artykule przedstawiono genezę opracowania, podstawowe dane taktyczno-techniczne oraz specyfikę konstrukcji karabinka reprezentacyjnego MSBS-5,56R w porównaniu z karabinkiem standardowym (podstawowym) Modułowego Systemu Broni Strzeleckiej kalibru 5,56 mm, który jest opracowywany przez FB Radom i ITU WML WAT dla „polskiego żołnierza przyszłości”.

EN

On the 3rd of May 2016 – the 225th anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May 1791 on the Warsaw’s Castle Square, in the presence of the President of Republic of Poland and the highest state authorities, for the first time the Honor Guard Battalion appeared with Polish Ceremonial Rifle MSBS-5,56R. This weapon was designed by the Arms Factory „Łucznik”-Radom Ltd. and the Institute of Armament Technology of the Military University of Technology in close cooperation with the Warsaw Garrison Command.This paper presents genesis, main tactical and technical specifications, construction and operation of the MSBS-5,56R Ceremonial Rifle. It is a specialized variant of the MSBS-5,56 Assault Rifle of the MSBS-5,56 (Modular Weapon System cal. 5,56 mm), developed by the Arms Factory „Łucznik”-Radom Ltd. and the Military University of Technology, as the Polish Future Soldier weapon.

20

A Review on the Performance and Comfort of Stab Protection Armor

63%

Sitotaw D. B. , Ahrendt D. , Kyosev Y. , Kabish A. K.

Autex Research Journal

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2022

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tom Vol. 22, no. 1

96--107

EN

Stab-protective clothing is the most important component of safety equipment and it helps to save the lives of its wearers; therefore, it is designed to resist knife, nail, or needle attacks, especially to the upper body. In this paper, the essential requirements for stab-resistant armor are investigated based on an in-depth review of previous research and prototype test results. The combination of protection and comfort in armor vests is a particularly challenging task. Review of the state of the art technology responsible for the manufacture of stab-resistant clothes has revealed that their design and development should encompass the elements of comfort, freedom of movement, permeability, absorption, evaporation, and weight reductions to ensure excellent ergonomics and high wear comfort. The design as well as the production, weight, thickness, material types and properties, and the arrangement of scales determine the level of protection and comfort offered by stab-resistant vests. Currently, the production of stab-proof gear-based 3D printing technology is evaluated, using lightweight materials (aramid) in the form of segmented scales inspired by nature. As the protection performance and wear comfort of stab-proof gear is enhanced, the willingness of security, control, transport, custom, and correction officers to wear them can be significantly increased in an endeavor to ensure that fatal injuries will decrease significantly.