Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Biological Availability of Cadmium: the Effect of Vitamin D3 on Hens

100%

Kottferova J. , Korenekova B. , Siklenka P. , Jackova A. , Hurna E.

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2003

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tom Vol. 10, nr 6

559-562

EN

Laying hens were divided into 3 groups, 6 animals to each group. In the group -1CdCl2 was administered [formula] body weight (b.w.); in group 2 it was administered [formula] b.w. and supplemented with a preventive dose of vitamin D3. The group 3 was control one. In group 1 a marked elevation of Cd levels in liver and kidneys was found [formula] respectively. In group 2 - in liver they were [formula] and in kidneys [formula]. In group 1, Cd levels in spleen and ovary increased on the average 15.1 and 21,6 times and in group 2, they were 14.5 and 20.6 times higher, as compared with the control group.

PL

Kury nioski zostały podzielone na 3 grupy, po 6 sztuk w każdej grupie. W grupie - 1 do ich paszy dodawano [wzór]; w grupie - 2 do paszy podawano [wzór] i uzupełniono profilaktyczną dawką witaminy D3. Grupa 3 była grupą kontrolną. W grupie 1 stwierdzono wyraźny wzrost poziomu Cd w wątrobie i nerkach, odpowiednio - 9,33 i 26,34 mg/kg. W grupie 2 - w wątrobie stwierdzono stężenie 9,91 mg/kg, a w nerkach 22,63 mg/kg. W grupie 1 poziom Cd w śledzionie i jajniku wzrastał średnio 15,1 i 21,6 razy, podczas gdy w grupie 2 był on 14,5 i 20,6 razy wyższy w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną.

2

Wpływ witaminy D3 na kruchość kulinarnego mięsa wołowego

84%

Rafalska U. , Stelmasiak A. , Moczkowska M. , Marcinkowska-Lesiak M. , Wyrwisz J. , Półtorak A.

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tom nr 2

125--130

3

Retinol, alpha-tocopherol and vitamin D3 in white muscle disease

84%

Mert H. , Yildirim S. , Yoruk I. H. , Irak K. , Comba B. , Mert I. , Aysin N. , Comba A.

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nr 07

EN

Vitamins are essential for the health of all living organisms. Vitamins E, A, D and K are known as fatsoluble vitamins, and deprivation of vitamin E causes various disorders, especially in the reproduction and cardiovascular systems and in muscle functions. Vitamin A, on the other hand, has roles in various biological functions – like eyesight – and the growth, reproduction and differentiation of epithelial cells. Vitamin A deficiency leads to the keratinization of the epithelium, and disorders related to the metaplasies of the genital and genitourinary systems. Conversely, vitamin D is defined as a pro-hormone and is responsible for Cahomeostasis, and thus indirectly affects the bone metabolism, bone structure, and cellular and neural functions of Ca. White Muscle Disease (WMD) can occur in newborn lambs, but is more commonly seen in lambs of up to 3 months of age. In this study, 30 lambs of 3 to 50-days-old from different flocks diagnosed with White Muscle Disease (WMD) were selected as research material, while the control group consisted of 8 healthy lambs. With the aim of clarifying the cause of WMD, serum fat-soluble vitamins, retinol, α-tocopherol and vitamin D3 levels were determined in 16 lambs. Gluteal and heart musclet issue samples also were taken from 30 lambs with WMD. The vitamin levels of the samples were analysed by HPLC. The levels of serum α-tocopherol, retinols, and vitamin D3 were foundto be low in the diseased animals, but only retinol (p < 0.001) and α-tocopherol (p < 0.001) level differences were statistically relevant. Macroscopically, Zenker’s necrosis was determined in the heart muscles of 17 lambs, and in the gluteal and chest muscles of 6 lambs. 7 lambs displayed necrosis in both their heart and in gluteal muscles. The samples were analyzed microscopically to reach similar findings: swollen homogeneous pink muscles, pycnotic nuclei, and hyperaemic and haemorrhagic blood vessels in gluteal, chest and heart muscles. Hyaline degeneration and Zenker’s necrosis, dystrophic regions in necrotic areas, cc was detected as a severe disease in lambs at an early stage of life with advanced degeneration in different muscle tissues. Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins was also detected in the sick animals. Control group lambs had higher levels of α-tocopherol and retinol (p < 0.001) compared to the sick lambs.

4

Effect of administration of two forms of vitamin D in a feed mixture on the strength traits of the femur bone of broiler chickens

84%

Michalczuk M. , Szara T. , Bereznowski A. , Serwa U. , Winkowski M.

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nr 2

5

Vitamin D in SARS-CoV-2 infection

84%

Decyk A. , Kobylinska M. , Antosik K. , Kurowska K.

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2022

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tom 73

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nr 1

EN

Background. SARS-CoV-2 virus is one of the largest RNA viruses, included in the coronavirus group, showing tropism to airway epithelial cells. SARS-CoV-2 causes an acute respiratory infectious disease, Covid-19. According to WHO reports, mortality due to Covid-19 is higher in the elderly and in those burdened with comorbidities such as diabetes, obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease, cancer, hypertension, hepatitis B, obesity or chronic kidney disease. Objective. The aim of the study was to review the current literature on the influence and importance of vitamin D levels on the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Material and method. A systematic review of studies published from January 1, 2009 to June 31, 2021 has been performed. For this purpose, bibliographic databases such as PubMed and Scopus were searched. The following keywords and combinations were used: Covid-19, vitamin D, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, vitamin D supplementation, SARS-CoV-2. Results. It has been shown that vitamin D plays an important role in the mechanisms of the innate immunity in the course of the acute respiratory infections. The overlapping factors of the severity of COVID-19 disease, vitamin D deficiency, and the prevalence of obesity, age scare, ethnicity, has led some researchers to hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation may be promising as a preventive or therapeutic measure for COVID-19. Conclusions. A very important factor that has an immunomodulatory character is vitamin D, the adequate supplementation of which can be a preventive or therapeutic measure in case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in elderly people, with obesity and other chronic diseases.

PL

Wstęp. Wirus SARS-CoV-2 to jeden z największych wirusów RNA, zaliczany do grupy koronawirusów, wykazujący tropizm do komórek nabłonka dróg oddechowych. SARS-CoV-2 powoduje ostrą chorobę zakaźną układu oddechowego, Covid-19. Według doniesień WHO śmiertelność z powodu Covid-19 jest wyższa u osób starszych i obciążonych chorobami współistniejącymi, takimi jak cukrzyca, obturacyjna choroba płuc, choroba wieńcowa, nowotwory, nadciśnienie, zapalenie wątroby typu B, otyłość czy przewlekła choroba nerek. Cel. Celem pracy był przegląd aktualnej literatury dotyczącej wpływu i znaczenia poziomu witaminy D na przebieg zakażenia SARS-CoV-2 Materiał i metody. Przeprowadzono systematyczny przegląd badań opublikowanych od 1 stycznia 2009 r. do 31 czerwca 2021 r. W tym celu przeszukano bazy bibliograficzne, takie jak baza PubMed i baza Scopus firmy Elsevier. Zastosowano następujące słowa kluczowe i kombinacje: Covid-19, witamina D, 25-hydroksy-witamina D, suplementacja witaminą D, SARS-CoV-2. Wyniki. Wykazano, że witamina D odgrywa ważną rolę w mechanizmach odporności wrodzonej w przebiegu ostrych infekcji dróg oddechowych. Nakładanie się czynników ciężkiego przebiegu choroby COVID-19, niedoboru witaminy D oraz występowania otyłości, straszy wiek, pochodzenie etniczne, doprowadził niektórych badaczy do hipotezy, że suplementacja witaminy D może być obiecująca jako środek zapobiegawczy lub terapeutyczny w przypadku COVID-19. Wnioski. Bardzo ważnym czynnikiem o charakterze immunomodulującym jest witamina D, której odpowiednia suplementacja może być środkiem zapobiegawczym lub terapeutycznym w przypadku zakażenia SARS-CoV-2, zwłaszcza u osób starszych, z otyłością i innymi chorobami przewlekłymi.

6

Health outcomes of vitamin D. Part I. Characteristics and classic role

84%

Wranicz J. , Szostak-Wegierek D.

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nr 3

EN

Vitamin D is a compound responsible for maintaining mineral homeostasis. It protects against calcium and phosphate deficiency through the effects on the intestine, kidney, parathyroid gland and bone. All mechanisms that help maintain mineral homeostasis of the body are regulated by the vitamin D hormonal form - calcitriol. Synthesis of vitamin D starts in the skin as a non-enzymatic process, which begins during exposure to sunlight, when the absorption of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation results in convertion of 7-dehydrocholesterol, a metabolite of cholesterol that is stored in the skin, to precholecalciferol (previtamin-D3) that is immediately converted into cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). After the skin synthesis cholecalciferol is transported to the liver where it undergoes hydroxylation, what results in formation of calcidiol (25(OH) D3). The second metabolic process takes place in the kidney, where calcidiol undergoes hydroxylation at the C-1 position to the hormonal, the most active metabolite - 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol). Vitamin D deficiency may result in bone diseases, such as rickets in children and osteomalacia and osteoporosis in adults. Symptoms of osteomalacia affect mainly the skeletal system and are similar to that observed in rickets. It concerns thoracic kyphosis, pelvis deformities and also the varus knee. Osteoporosis is another condition that is related to abnormalities of mineral homeostasis. It is characterized by the progressive loss of bone mass, impaired bone microarchitecture, and consequently increased fragility and susceptibility to fracture. For the last several years other, non-classic actions of vitamin D3 have been discussed. It was engendered by the discovery of vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) in the most of body tissues and cells. Hence, there are many hypotheses which suggest the inverse relationship between vitamin D status and various diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, diabetes mellitus and others.

PL

Witamina D jest związkiem chemicznym odpowiedzialnym za utrzymanie homeostazy mineralnej organizmu. Poprzez wpływ na jelita, nerki, przytarczyce i kości zapobiega niedoborowi wapnia i fosforanów. Aktywną formą witaminy D3 o właściwościach hormonalnych jest kalcytriol, który odpowiada za utrzymanie homeostazy mineralnej organizmu. Pierwszy etap syntezy witaminy D zachodzi w skórze, pod wpływem ekspozycji na światło słoneczne (UVB). Polega on na nieenzymatycznej przemianie 7-dehydrocholesterolu do prowitaminy D (pre-D3), która natychmiast ulega przekształceniu do cholekalcyferolu (witaminy D3). Wyprodukowana w skórze witamina D3 jest następnie transportowana do wątroby, gdzie ulega hydroksylacji, w wyniku której powstaje kalcydiol (25(OH)D3). Drugi proces metaboliczny zachodzi w nerkach, gdzie kalcydiol ulega hydroksylacji w pozycji C-1 do hormonalnie najbardziej aktywnego metabolitu witaminy D - 1,25-dihydroksywitaminy D (kalcytriol). Niedobór witaminy D może prowadzić do chorób kości, takich jak krzywica u dzieci oraz osteomalacja i osteoporoza u osób dorosłych. Objawy osteomalacji dotyczą głównie układu kostnego i są zbliżone do tych obserwowanych w krzywicy. Są to m.in.: kifoza piersiowa, deformacje miednicy i szpotawość kolan. Osteoporoza to choroba, która także związane jest z zaburzeniem homeostazy mineralnej. Charakteryzuje się postępującą utratą masy kostnej, uszkodzeniami mikroarchitektury kości, i w konsekwencji zwiększoną ich kruchością i podatnością na złamania. Na przestrzeni ostatnich lat pojawiły się doniesienia dotyczące innych, nieklasycznych działań witaminy D3. Stwierdzono obecność receptora witaminy D (VDR) w wielu tkankach organizmu, które nie biorą udziału w utrzymaniu homeostazy wapniowo-fosforanowej. Świadczy to o wielokierunkowym działaniu tego związku. Pojawiło się wiele hipotez sugerujących związek między niedoborem witaminy D a występowaniem wielu różnych chorób, takich jak: nowotwory, choroby autoimmunologiczne, cukrzyca i inne.

7

Myocardial necrosis due to vitamin D3 overdose - scanning electron microscopic observations

84%

Walentynowicz O. , Kubasik-Juraniec J. , Rudzinska-Kisiel T.

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nr 4

EN

Our studies were carried out on the hearts of virgin female Wistar rats treated with 100.000 i.u. of vitamin D₃ (calciol) per os for 3 consecutive days. Multifocal cardionecrosis was established macroscopically in 70% of the vitamin D-treated rats on the 7th day of the experiment when the rats were in the acute phase of intoxication. Using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we received three-dimensional information about the structural changes to the rat myocardium damaged by high doses of vitamin D₃. The images of necrotic hearts revealed significant disruption of the structural integrity of the myocardium linked to fragmentation of the cardiac muscle bundles and a visible disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In healthy hearts, the structural integrity of the myocardium and the dense network of the extracellular matrix were well preserved. In parallel, the effect of an increasing concentration of free Ca²⁺ on the total proteolytic activity of the heart muscle homogenate of the healthy and necrotic rats was investigated at neutral pH. These data showed that following vitamin D₃ intoxication, the proteolytic processes in the rat hearts occurred in Ca²⁺ overload or saturation. On the basis of our morphological and biochemical results we can suggest that calcium-activated neutral proteinases may have contributed to the structural alteration of the extracellular matrix components and were in this way involved in vitamin D-induced cardionecrosis.

8

Effect of vitamin D3-enriched diet on intestinal calcium absorption in rats intoxicated with carbaryl and thiram

84%

Witkowska D. , Oledzka R. , Sedrowicz L. , Duliban D. , Szelachowska M.

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nr 4

9

Zanikanie 3H witaminy D3 z surowicy szczurow narazonych na dzialanie tiuramu

67%

Witkowska D. , Sedrowicz L.

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nr 4

323-329

PL

Zanikanie 3H witaminy D3 w surowicy krwi badano na szczurach samcach szczepu Wistar narażonych na działanie tiuramu przez 2 tygodnie. W oparciu o otwarty model dwukompartmentowy wyznaczono podstawowe parametry farmakokinetyczne, tj. biologiczny okres póltrwania – t0,5, stałe szybkości dystrybucji (k12 i k21) oraz stalą eliminacji (k13).

EN

Male Wistar rats were used to test the effect of 14-day exposure to thiram on 3H vitamin D3 depletion from blood serum. Prior to the experiment, the method (Shepard et al.) of extraction and isolation of vitamin D3 and its metabolites (column chromatography) has been checked and suitably modified. Thiram suspended in soybean oil was administered to rats by stomach intubation at 5% LD50 for 14 days. The controls received similar volume of the oil. After 14 days, the control and thiram-treated rats were injected s.c. with 1 µCi 3H vitamin D3/100 g b.w. The animals were sacrificed 0.5, 1, 2,4, 8, 24 and 48 hours after injection. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged. Each serum sample (0.5 cm3) was extracted with methylene chloride and chromatographed on a column filled with Sephadex LH 20 and porous glass (1:1) to separate 3H vitamin D3 from its metabolites. A hexane- chloroform-methanol 9:1,5:1 mixture was used for elution. Suitable fractions were collected and sample radioactivity was determined using a LKB liquid scintillation spectrometer. The results were expressed in terms of 3H vitamin D3 dpm/1 cm3 serum. The open 2-compartmental model was used in the analysis of the results. Half-life time t, transfer rate constants k13, k21 and the constant of elimination k13 were determined. It has been demonstrated that intoxication with thiram leads to disorders in 3H vitamin D3 elimination from serum. It is reasonable to suppose that thiram may affect vitamin D3 metabolism.

10

The relationship between vitamin D3 and insulin in polycystic ovary syndrome - a critical review

67%

Kaminska K. , Grzesiak M.

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nr 1

11

Side-chain modified vitamin D analogs require activation of both PI 3-K and erk1,2 signal transduction pathways to induce differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cells

67%

Marcinkowska E. , Kutner A.

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nr 2

EN

Synthetic analogs of vitamin D for potential use in differentiation therapy should selectively regulate genes necessary for differentiation without inducing any perturbations in calcium homeostasis. PRI-1906, an analog of vitamin D2, and PRI-2191, an analog of vitamin D3 bind nuclear vitamin D receptor (nVDR) with substantially lower affinity than 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3), but have higher differentiation-inducing activity as estimated in HL-60 leukemia cell model. To examine how their increased differentiation-inducing activity is regulated we tested the hypothesis that membrane-mediated events, unrelated to nVDR, take part in the differentiation in response to PRI-1906 and PRI-2191. The induction of leukemia cell differentiation in response to the analogs of vitamin D was inhibited by LY294002 (phosphatidyl- inositol 3-kinase inhibitor), PD98059 (inhibitor of MEK1,2, an upstream regulator of extracellular-signal regulated kinase) and rapamycin (p70 S6K inhibitor) pointing out that activation of signal transduction pathways unrelated to nVDR is necessary for differentiation. On the other hand, inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A2 accelerated the differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by either 1,25-D3 or by the vitamin D analogs suggesting possible existence of a feedback loop between extracellular-signal regulated kinases and phospholipase A2.

12

Wplyw beta-karotenu i witamin A, D3, E na wykorzystanie skladnikow mineralnych z dawki pokarmowej stosowanej w zywieniu cielat

51%

Iwanska S. , Strusinska D. , Pysera B.

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1992

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tom 36

35-46

PL

W badaniach na cielętach rasy ncb od urodzenia do 13. tygodnia życia stwierdzono statystycznie istotny wpływ podawania dodatku Rovimixu β-caratene 10% lub suszu z marchwi na wykorzystacie wapnia, fosforu, magnezu, żelaza, miedzi i cynku z dawek pokarmowych. Najlepsze wykorzystanie obserwowano przy stosowaniu naturalnego lub syntetycznego β-karotenu z witaminami AD3E. Wzrost koncentracji badanych składników mineralnych stwierdzono w surowicy brwi już w pierwszym tygodniu po urodzeniu, a w 12. tygodniu życia cieląt zawartość wapnia była wyższa o 30-35%, fosforu 15-21%, magnezu - 11%, żelaza i cynku o 17-22% oraz miedzi - 28-45% i ceruloplazminy o 16-24% w porównaniu z grupą cieląt kontrolnych.

RU

Исследования провели на телятах черно-пестрой низинной породы в период о рождения до 13-ой недели выращивания. Установили статистически значимое влияни подачи препарата Rovimix В carotene 10% или сушеной моркови на использованиe кальция, фосфора, магния, железа, меди и цинка кормовых рационов. Наибольшеe использование минеральных элементов отметили при подаче естественного или синтетического бета-каротина с витаминами AD3E. Повышение концентрации исследуемы минеральных элементов в сыворотке крови телят наблюдалось уже на первой недел их жизни, а на 12-ой неделе выращивания содержание кальция было выше на 30-35% фосфора на 15-21%, магния на 11%, железа и цинка на 17-22% и меди на 28-45% и церулоплазмина на 16-24% сравнению с телятами контрольной группы.

EN

In studies on calves of dairy bread from birth to 13th week of life were recorded statisticaly significant influences of addition of Rovimix β-carotene 10% or dried carrot meal on utilization of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, copper and zink from diets. The higher utilization was observed after use natural от synthetic β-carotene with AD3E vitamins. The increase of studied mineral components concentration was already recorded in first week after birth in blood serum, and in 12th week old calves, the concentrations of mineral components were higher in comparison to control group of calves; calcium 30-35%, phosphorus 15-21%, magnesium 11%, iron and zink 17-22%, copper 28-45% and ceruloplasmin in 16-24%.