Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Validation of the method for determination of plutonium isotopes in urine samples and its application in a nuclear facility at Otwock

100%

Rzemek K. , Czerwiński A. , Dymecka M. , Ośko J. , Pliszczyński T. , Haratym Z.

Nukleonika

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2015

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tom 60

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nr 1

181-186

EN

The studies aimed at determining low activities of alpha radioactive elements are widely recognized as essential for the human health, because of their high radiotoxicity in case of internal contamination. Some groups of workers of nuclear facility at Otwock are potentially exposed to contamination with plutonium isotopes. For this reason, the method for determination of plutonium isotopes has been introduced and validated in Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (LPD) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ). In this method the plutonium is isolated from a sample by coprecipitation with phosphates and separated on a AG 1-X2 Resin. After electrodeposition, the sample is measured by alpha spectrometry. Validation was performed in order to assess parameters such as: selectivity, accuracy (trueness and precision) and linearity of the method. The results of plutonium determination in urine samples of persons potentially exposed to internal contamination are presented in this work.

2

On chromium direct ETAAS determination in serum and urine

100%

Todorovska N. , Karadjova I. , Arpadjan S. , Stafilov T.

Open Chemistry

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2007

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tom 5

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nr 1

230-238

EN

A simple, accurate and reliable method for direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric (ETAAS) determination of chromium in serum and urine samples without any preliminary sample pretreatment is described. Instrumental parameters are optimized in order to define: the most suitable atomizer, optimal temperature program and efficient modifier. An appropriate quantification method is proposed taking into account a matrix interference study. Pyrocoated graphite tubes and wall atomization, pretreatment temperature of 700 °C, atomization temperature of 2600 °C, hydrogen peroxide as modifier and standard addition calibration are recommended. The accuracy of the method proposed for Cr determination in serum and urine was confirmed by comparative analysis of parallel samples after wet or dry ashing as well as by the analysis of two certified reference materials: Serum, Clin Rep 1 and Lypochek Urine, level 1. The detection and determination limits achieved for both matrices are 0.08 µg/L and 0.15 µg/L respectively. The relative standard deviation varied between 15 and 18 % for the chromium content in the samples in the range 0.08–0.2 µg/L and between 4 and 7 % for the chromium content in the range 0.2–2.0 µg/L for both matrices. [...]

3

Homocysteine level in urine of autistic and healthy children

100%

Kałużna-Czaplińska J. , Michalska M. , Rynkowski J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2011

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tom 58

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nr 1

31-34

EN

Homocysteine is an amino acid which plays several important roles in human physiology and is an important biomarker for possible deficiencies of various vitamins (vitamin B6 and B12, folic acid). In this work GC-MS method was used to determine the levels of homocysteine in the urine of autistic and healthy children. The levels of homocysteine in urine samples from 34 autistic and 21 healthy children were 2.36 ± 1.24 and 0.76 ± 0.31 (mmol∙mol-1 creatinine), respectively. The higher level of homocysteine in autistic children may indicate deficiencies of folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 in nutrition of these children. The results of this work were taken into consideration in the nutrition of autistic children treated in the Navicula Centre of Diagnosis and Therapy of Autism in Łódź (Poland).

4

Assessment of occupational internal exposure to beta emitters from the nuclear reactor primary coolant circuit

88%

Pliszczyński T. , Ciszewska K. , Dymecka M. , Ośko J. , Haratym Z.

Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering

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2012

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tom 18

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nr 2

41-47

EN

Fission products of 235U or isotopes from activation may appear in technological waters at normal operation of a research reactor. Therefore, reactor cooling water may contain a number of beta radioactive isotopes including yttrium and strontium isotopes, which can pose potential hazard to reactor personnel. In order to asses internal exposure urinalysis is carried out. This work presents the method of sample preparation and measurement used by Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (RPLM) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCNR). Method of various isotopes of yttrium and Sr-90 activity calculation is also shown. Determination of these isotopes activities in urine sample allows estimating the effective doses

5

Investigation of a wide spectrum of inherited metabolic disorders by 13C NMR spectroscopy

88%

Bal D. , Kraska-Dziadecka A. , Gradowska W. , Gryff-Keller A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2008

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tom 55

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nr 1

107-118

EN

High-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy of body fluids has proved to be very useful in diagnostics of inherited metabolic diseases, whereas 13C NMR remains almost unexploited. In this paper the application of 13C NMR spectroscopy of fivefold concentrated urine samples for diagnosis of selected metabolic diseases is reported. Various marker metabolites were identified in test urine samples from 33 patients suffering from 10 different diseases, providing information which could be crucial for their diagnoses. Spectra were accumulated for 2 h or overnight when using spectrometers operating at 9.4 or 4.7 T magnetic fields, respectively. Interpretation of the measurement results was based on a comparison of the peak positions in the measured spectrum with reference data. The paper contains a table with 13C NMR chemical shifts of 73 standard compounds. The method can be applied individually or as an auxiliary technique to 1H NMR or any other analytical method.

6

Improvement of the quality of effective dose estimation by interlaboratory comparisons

88%

Katarzyna C. , Malgorzata D. , Tomasz P. , Jakub O.

Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering

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2010

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tom 16

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nr 1

35-42

EN

Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (RPLM) of the Institute of Atomic Energy POLATOM determines radionuclides in human urine to estimate the effective dose. Being an accredited laboratory, RPLM participated in interlaboratory comparisons in order to assure the quality of services concerning monitoring of internal contamination. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of interlaboratory comparisons on the accuracy of the provided measurements. The results regarding tritium (3H) and strontium (90Sr) determination, obtained within the radiotoxicological intercomparison exercises, organized by PROCORAD, in 2005-2010, were analyzed and the methods used by the laboratory were verified and improved.

7

In-situ plated lead film electrode for determination of glipizide in pharmaceutical formulation and human urine

75%

Tyszczuk K. , Korolczuk M.

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2009

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tom Vol. 54, No. 1

31-41

EN

In this paper, electrochemical behavior of glipizide at an in-situ plated lead film electrode has been studied. A simple and precise square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure for quantification of glipizide with detection limit of 2.5 x 10-9 mol L-1 has been described. Relative standard deviation for determination of 5 x 10-9mol L-1 glipizide was 3.5%. The measurements were carried out in non-deoxygentaed solutions. The proposed procedure has been successfully applied to quantification of glipizide in its pharmaceutical formulations and human urine samples.

PL

W pracy zbadano elektrochemiczne zachowanie się glipizidu na tworzonej in-situ błonkowej elektrodzie ołowiowej. Opisano prostą i precyzyjną procedurę oznaczania glipizidu z wykorzystaniem adsorpcyjnej woltamperometrii stripingowej i techniki fali prostokątnej, o granicy wykrywalności równej 2,5 x 10-10mol L-1. Względne odchylenie standardowe oznaczania glipizidu o stężeniu 5 x 10-9 mol L-1wynosiło 3,5%. Pomiary przeprowadzono w roztworach nieodtlenionych. Zaprezentowana procedura została zastosowana do oznaczania glipizidu ,, w preparatach farmaceutycznych i próbkach ludzkiego moczu.

8

Mocz ludzki jako źródło informacji na temat narażenia człowieka na różnorodne czynniki chemiczne

75%

Jakubowska N. , Polkowska Ż. , Namieśnik J.

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2008

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tom nr 3

48-49

9

Serum and urinary β-glucuronidase in acute alcohol intoxication: a pilot study

75%

Waszkiewicz N. , Zalewska-Szajda B. , Buras A. , Szulc A. , Zwierz K. , Ładny J. , Szajda S.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2012

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tom 2

|

nr 2

52-56

EN

Introduction: Beta-glucuronidase (GLU) is a member of the lysosomal glycosidase family that catalyzes hydrolysis of β-D-glucuronic acid residues from the non-reducing end of glycosaminoglycans. Increased activities of GLU have been earlier reported in the serum of alcohol-dependent patients after a chronic heavy drinking period but not after acute intoxication (called binge drinking). The accelerating binge drinking pheno-menon is an alarming public health issue that requires better prevention. Purpose: To determine the activity serum and urinary GLU, after an acute, single, and a large dose of alcohol intoxication. Materials and methods: The serum and urine of eight healthy binge drinkers were collected before binge drinking, and 2 and five days after the drinking session. The activity of GLU was determined by the colorimetric method. Results: There was a tendency to decrease in the serum GLU activity two days after acute alcohol intoxication (binge drinking), which was followed by the significant increase in the GLU activity five days after drinking. The urinary activity of GLU was not changed after intoxication. Conclusion: Alcohol-induced imbalance in the serum GLU activity might be associated with alcohol-induced liver hypoxia and subsequent reperfusion, and can be detected even five days after the drinking session.

10

Skład moczu jako źródło informacji o narażeniu zawodowym na związki organiczne

63%

Rutkiewicz I. , Namieśnik J.

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2008

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tom Vol. 15, nr 4

561-585

PL

Przedstawiono przegląd prac dotyczących wykorzystania próbek moczu ludzkiego do badań analitycmych prowadzonych w celu uzyskania informacji o ekspozycji zawodowej na związki organiczne. Toksyczne działanie większości z tych związków stwarza nadal duże zagrożenie wystąpienia chorób zawodowych. Stąd też bardzo ważne jest wykorzystanie monitoringu biologicznego do oceny ryzyka zawodowego. Przedstawiono również najczęściej stosowane techniki izolacji i wzbogacania związków organicznych i ich metabolitów z próbek moczu, a także techniki omaczania analitów w otrzymanych ekstraktach.

EN

Information about the possibility of employing human urine samples as a material for analytical research directed toward obtaining information on occupational exposure to organic compounds was presented. Most compounds have toxic action, what generates high risk of occupational disease. Therefore it is very important to use the biological monitoring to assess occupational exposure. Techniques of isolation and/or enrichment of organic compounds and their metabolites from the urine samples, techniques used to determine organic compounds in the extracts are presented and discussed.

11

HPLC analysis of methylxanthines and selected drugs in urine samples

63%

Baranowska I. , Płonka J. , Baranowski J.

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2006

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tom Vol. 51, No. 5

751-760

EN

A HPLC system for separation and determination of methylxanthines and selected drugs has been developed. Teophylline, 1 -methylxanthine, 3-methylxanthine, 1,3-dimethyluric acid, caffeine, paracetamol, furosemidc, dexamethasone, prednisolone, cefazolin and imipenem have been determined. ARP-18e column with a RP-I8 pre-column and a DAD detector were used. Gradient elution with 0.05% TFA aqueous solution with acetononitrile at the flow rale of 0.8 mL min-1 was applied. The developed system was used to determine the examined compounds in urine sampies.

PL

Opracowano układ chromatograficzny do rozdzielania i oznaczania metyloksantyn oraz wybranych leków. Oznaczono teofilinę, 1-metyloksantynę, 3-metyloksantynę, kwas l ,3-dimetyIomoczowy, kofeinę oraz paracetamol, furosemid, deksametazon, prednizolon, cefazolinę i imipenem. Zastosowano kolumnę RP-18e z pre-kolumną RP-18 oraz detektor DAD. Fazę ruchomą stano wił układ gradientowy 0.05% wodny roztwór TFAz acetonitrylem, prędkość przepływu wynosiła 0.8 mL min-1. Opracowany układ chromatograficzny zastosowano do oznaczenia badanych związków w próbkach moczu.

12

Top-down peptidomics of bodily fluids

63%

Martelli C. , Iavarone F. , Vincenzoni F. , Cabras T. , Manconi B. , Desiderio C. , Messana I. , Castagnola M.

Peptidomics

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2014

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tom 1

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nr 1

EN

The naturally occurring peptides, mainly arising from the proteolytic cleavage of larger proteins, play several functions within the body (e. g. antihypertensive, immuno-modulatory, anti-microbial and antiviral, mineral carriers). Their presence or the increase of their concentration could be connected to different pathologies and thereby some peptides could be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis or prognosis of the disease. Peptidome research, particularly within biological fluids, therefore represents one of the most interesting and challenging purposes of proteomics. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in peptidomics-based studies of several human bodily fluids (serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, tears, seminal fluid, vitreous humor, pancreatic juice), emphasizing the contribution of top-down proteomic platforms to the deep structural characterization of natural peptides and their posttranslational modifications.

13

Photoinduced-fluorescence (PIF) determination of fluoroquinolones in pharmaceuticals and urine

63%

Espinoza-Mansilla A. , Munoz de la Pena A. , Gomez D. G. , Canada-Canada F.

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2007

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tom Vol. 52, No. 4

619-633

EN

Irradiation of fluoroquinolones for a few minutes using a high-power UV lamp drastically increased their fluorescence quantum yield. Photodegradation of particular fluoroquinolone depended on the irradiation time, solvent composition, and solution pH. The best signals were obtained when aqueous-ethanolic mixture (50/50, v/v) was used. Within only 5 min, enoxacin (ENO). norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), and enroffoxacin (ENRO) were converted into the fluorescent photoproducts, which were formed preferably from the protonated parent fluoroquinolones (pH = 6.5). Under the applied conditions, only ofloxacin (OFLO) was not affected by irradiation. Chromatographic studies indicated that for each fluoroquinolone, except for ENRO, only one photoproduct was obtained. pK values and luminescent properties of the photoproducts were established. The highest fluorescence intensity of the photoproducts was measured in acidic medium (pH = 4). The linear dependence between the intensity of fluorescent emission of the photoproducts and concentrations of fluoroquinolones was found. Limits of detection were 23,17.14,14, and 26 ng mL-1 for ENO, NOR, OFLO. CIPRO, and ENRO. respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of the above drugs in pharmaceuticals. Moreover, ENO was determined in human urine.

PL

Kilkuminutowe naświetlanie fluorochinolonów lampą UV o dużej mocy znacząco zwiększa ich wydajność kwantową fluorescencji. Fotodegradacja fluorochinonów zależy od czasu naświetlania, składu rozpuszczalnika i pH roztworu. Najkorzystniejsze sygnały otrzymano w roztworze wodno-etanolowym (50:50, v/v). W czasie 5 min enoksacyna (ENO). norflo-ksacyna (NOR), ciprofioksacyna (CIPRO) i enrofloksacyna (ENRO) są przekształcane w fluoryzujące produkty, powstające z protonowanych wyjściowych fluorochinolonów przy pH 6,5. W tych warunkach jedynie ofloksacyna (OFLO) nie ulega działaniu promieniowania. Badania chromatograficzne wykazały, że dla każdego fluorochinolonu, z wyjątkiem ENRO, powstaje tylko jeden fotoprodukt. Wyznaczono wartości pK i właściwości luminscencyjne fotoproduktów. Największą intensywność fluorescencji otrzymano w roztworze kwaśnym przy pH 4. Stwierdzono liniową zależność między natężeniem emisji fotoproduktów i stężeniem fluorochinonów. Granice wykrywalności wynoszą odpowiednio 23, 17, 14, 14 1 26 ngmL-1 dla END, NOR, OFLO, C1PRO i ENRO. Opracowaną metodę zastosowano2 powodzeniem do oznaczania leków w produktach farmaceutycznych i ludzkim moczu.

14

Easy and accurate determination of urea in milk, blood plasma, urine and selected diets of mammals by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection preceded by pre-column derivatization

51%

Czauderna M. , Kowalczyk J.

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2009

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tom Vol. 54, No. 5

919-937

EN

An HPLC method with photodiode array detection for simple and rapid determination of urea in physiological fluids of domestic animals has been described. A physiological fluid (blood plasma, urine, or milk) was treated with 20% trichloroacetic acid and then the mixture was centrifuged. 200 &muL of the supernatant were derivatized using 50 uL of p-dime-thylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) dissolved in HC1 (1.3 g DMAB in 10 mL of 20% HC1). ' The derivatized samples were ready for HPLC analysis. Derivatized urea in standards and biological samples was analyzed using a Nova-Pak C18 column (4 &mum, 300 * 3.9 mm, Waters, USA). A ternary gradient elution program and UV detection at 255 and 414 nm were applied for urea analyses. Clear separation of urea from endogenous species present in biological materials was achieved in less than 20 min. Elution of derivatized urea was confirmed by an unsymmetrical chromatographic peak at 9.67 š0.11 min, which was a combination of two poorly resolved urea peaks eluted at 8.54 š 0.07 and 9.84 š 0.08 min. ; -' Average recoveries of urea standards added to the assayed biological materials were satisfactory, especially when detection at 414 nm (101.2%) was applied. Precision of the method with detection at 255 nm was inferior (CV 2.65%) to that performed at 414 nm (CV 1.98%). The proposed method with UV monitoring at 255 and 414 nm offers low detection limits (5.62 and 43 ng, respectively) and quantification limits (18.7 and 142 ng, respectively). It provides satisfactory accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of determination of urea. Liquid chromatography with UV monitoring at 255 nm revealed that the presence of endogenous substances in the assayed biological materials affect accurate and precise integration of the

PL

Opisano metodę HPLC pozwalającą na proste i szybkie oznaczanie mocznika w płynach fizjologicznych pozyskiwanych od zwierząt gospodarskich. W metodzie tej do detekcji wykorzystano detektor z matrycą diodową. Do płynów fizjologicznych (osocze krwi, mocz i mleko) dodawano 20%kwas trichlorooctowy; następnie uzyskanąmieszaninę wirowano. Do 200 μL supernatantu dodawano 50 &muL p-dimetyloaminobenzaldehydu (DMAB) w HC1 (l .3 g DMAB w l0 mL 20%HC1). Pochodna mocznika w badanych próbkach była gotowa do analizy. Pochodną mocznika analizowano przy użyciu kolumny Nova Pak Cl18 (4 μm, 300 x 3.9 mm, Waters). Zastosowano elucję gradientową! wykrywanie przy długości fali 255 i 414 nm. Zadowalające rozdzielenie mocznika od endogennych składników próbek uzyskano w czasie krótszym niż 20 min. Pochodna mocznika, jako niesymetryczny pik, pojawiła się w 9,67 š0,11 min; pik ten był kombinacją dwóch pików pojawiających się w 8,54 š 0,07 oraz 9,84 š 0,08 min. Średni odzysk wzorców mocznika dodanych do badanych próbek był zadowalający (101,2%), szczególnie przy detekcji UV przy długości fali 414 nm. Precyzja oznaczania mocznika przy długości fali 255 nm jest gorsza (CV = 2,65%) od precyzji oznaczania przy długości fali 414 nm (CV = 1,98%). Przy długości fali 255 i 414 nm otrzymano wykrywalność i oznaczalność wynoszące odpowiednio 5.62 oraz 43 ng oraz 18,7 i 142 ng. Opracowana metoda pozwala na oznaczenie mocznika z zadowalającą dokładnością, precyzjąoraz czułością. Chromatografia cieczowa z detekcjąprzy długości fali 255 nm ujawnia obecność endogennych substancji, które utrudniaj ą dokładne i precyzyjne oznaczanie mocznika w badanych próbkach biologicznych. Opracowana metoda z detekcją przy długości fali 414 nm analitycznąpozwalającąna proste i szybkie oznaczanie mocznika w płynach fizjologicznych oraz wybranych paszach.

15

Direct determination of Cd and Pb in human urine by GFAAS with deuterium-lamp background correction using different chemical modifiers

51%

Husakova L. , Sramkova J. , Cernohorsky T. , Barinova M.

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2007

|

tom Vol. 52, No. 4

579-596

EN

Several authors have contributed to the elaboration of methodology for direct determination of Cd and Pb in urine by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). In the proposed approaches, Zeemann background correction systems were predominantly used, without paying much attention to the selection of an appropriate chemical modifier. However, systematic studies on eleven recommended and less commonly used modifiers have resulted in optimization of atomization conditions, so that accurate analysis also with the use of D2-lamp background correction became possible. This was confirmed by comparative measurements using both background correction systems. For determination of Cd in urine, NH4F has been selected resulting in the lowest limit of detection (LOD): 0.07 μg L-1. NH4F promotes efficient atomization at low temperatures and suppresses chloride interference effect. Pd + Sr (nitrate) has been selected as the most adequate modifier for determination of Pb. Its presence raised the maximum tolerable pyro lysis temperature up to 1200°C, which resulted in the maximum reduction of the background signal and the lowest LOD of 1.5 mg L-1 for Pb (10 μ.L aliquots of dispensed urine). Applying the above modifiers to the analysis of standards and samples, direct aqueous calibration for accurate analysis of diluted and acidified urine samples became possible. Accuracy of the analysis was verified by the use of commercially available quality control reference materials.

PL

Wielu autorów ma swój udział w opracowywaniu metodyki bezpośredniego oznaczania Cd i Pb w moczu za pomocą atomowej spektrometrii absorpcyjnej z piecem grafitowym. W przedstawionej pracy skoncentrowano się przede wszystkim na korekcji t!a metoda Zeemanna, nie poświęcając więcej uwagi badaniu wyboru odpowiedniego modyfikatora chemicznego. Jednakże przeprowadzono systematyczne badań iajedynastu zalecanych ale rzadziej stosowanych modyfikatorów. Pozwoliło to na zoptymalizowanie warunków atomi-zacji tak, że dokładna analiza również z użyciem tradycyjnej lampy D2 do korekcji tia stała się możliwa. Zostało to potwierdzone w porównawczych badaniach z użyciem obu systemów korekcji. Do oznaczania Cd w moczu wybrano NH2F i uzyskano najniższą granicę wykrywalności: 0,07 μg L-1. NH4 polepsza wydajność atomizacji w niskich temperaturach i obniża przeszkadzający wpływ chlorków. Mieszanina azotanów Pd i Sr okazała się najlepszym modyfikatorem do oznaczania Pb. Jego obecność podnosiła maksymalną, tolerowaną temperaturę pirolizy do 1200°C. Dzięki temu osiągnięto naj lepszą kompensację tła i najniższą granicę wykrywalności ołowiu 1.5 mg L-1 w 10 μ.L próbki rozcieńczonego moczu). Użyciepowyższych modyfikatorów do analizy wzorców i próbek pozwoliło przeprowadzićbezpośrednią kalibrację do dokładnej analizy rozcieńczonych i zakwaszonych próbek moczu. Dokładność analizy sprawdzono używając dostępnych w handlu materiałów wzorcowych.