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Tłoczenie blach za pomocą narzędzi wytwarzanych z tworzyw sztucznych

100%

Zimniak Z. , Kosmatka M.

Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie

2021

tom nr 5-6

38--41

W artykule przedstawiono proces kształtowania blach metodą głębokiego tłoczenia z wykorzystaniem nowatorskich narzędzi wykonanych z tworzyw sztucznych za pomocą druku 3D. W celu wyboru najlepszego wariantu narzędzi wykonano symulacje numeryczne przeprowadzone metodą FEM oraz badania doświadczalne. Najlepsze wyniki tłoczenia uzyskano dla narzędzi wykonanych metodą drukowania z tworzywa PLA. Tak wyprodukowane narzędzia dają obiecujące wyniki, szczególnie dla mało- i średnioseryjnej produkcji wytłoczek.

The article presents the process of forming sheets using deep stamping with novel tools made of plastic with the use of 3D printing. Numerical simulations by FEM and experimental tests were performed to select the best tool. The best stamping results were obtained for PLA tools made by printing. Such tools produce promising results, especially for shortand medium-run production of diestampings.

Post-processing in multi-material 3D printing

80%

Brancewicz-Steinmetz E. , Sawicki J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2023

tom Vol. 117, nr 1

5--14

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the adhesion of combining two materials with different properties (PLA-TPU and TPU-PLA) printed in FFF (fused filament fabrication) with post-processing treatments. Design/methodology/approach: The scope of the study includes making variants of samples and subjecting them to three different post-printing treatments. After processes, shear tests were conducted to determine the adhesion. Findings: The post-printing treatment results in a stronger inter-material bond and increased adhesion strength; the best average shear strength results were achieved for annealing without acetone and for PLA/TPU samples for treatment in cold acetone vapour. Research limitations/implications: In the study, adhesion was considered in the circular pattern of surface development. Practical implications: Reinforcement of the biopolymer broadens the possibilities of using polylactide. Examples of applications include personalised printing items, where the elastomer will strengthen the polylactide. Originality/value: These studies aim to promote the use and expand the possibilities of using PLA biopolymer. The strength properties of printouts from different materials are often insufficient, hence the proposal to use post-printing processing.

Study of the adhesion between TPU and PLA in multi-material 3D printing

70%

Brancewicz-Steinmetz E. , Valverde Vergara R. , Buzalski V. H. , Sawicki J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 115, nr 2

49--56

Purpose: In the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF/FDM) technology, the multi-material manufacturing additive method is achieved by a single nozzle or multiple nozzles working simultaneously with different materials. However, the adhesion between different materials at the boundary interface in FDM multi-material printing is a limiting factor. These studies are concerned with improving and study the adhesion between two polymers. Design/methodology/approach: Due to the numerous applications and possibilities of 3D printed objects, combining different materials has become a subject of interest. PLA is an alternative to the use of petrochemical-based polymers. Thermoplastic Polyurethane is a flexible material that can achieve different characteristics when combined with a rigid filament, such as PLA. To improve the adhesion between PLA and TPU in multi-material FFF/FDM, we propose the comparison of different processes: post-processing with acetone immersion, surface activation during printing with Acetone, surface activation during printing with tetrahydrofuran, post-processing annealing, and connection of printed parts with tetrahydrofuran. Findings: Modifying the 3D printing process improved the quality of the adhesive bond between the two different polymers. Activation of the surface with THF is the treatment method recommended by the authors due to the low impact on the deformation/degradation of the object. Research limitations/implications: In the study, adhesion was considered in relation to the circular pattern of surface development. Further analysis should include other surface development patterns and changes in printing parameters, e.g. process temperatures and layer application speed. Practical implications: 3D printing with multi-materials, such as PLA biopolymer and thermoplastic polyurethane, allows for the creation of flexible connections. The strengthening of the biopolymer broadens the possibilities of using polylactide. Examples of applications include: automotive (elements, where flexible TPU absorbs vibrations and protects PLA from cracking), medicine (prostheses with flexible elements ensuring mobility in the joints). Originality/value: Multi-material printing is a new trend in 3D printing research, and this research is aimed at promoting the use and expanding the possibilities of using PLA biopolymer.