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EN
The authors retrospectively reviewed the cytological slides of 44 histopathologically confirmed fibroepithelial lesions of the breast, of which 11 were fibroadenoma (FA), 19 benign phyllodes tumours (PTLGM), 8 borderline (PTBM) and 6 malignant (PTHGM). The 2 FA misdiagnosed as PTLGM in cytological smears were both of cellular type. NORS were quantified in a series of the above cases using the silver-colloid method. Expression of Ki-67 and PCNA were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on sections from the corresponding paraffin blocks. The results were compared with morphological parameters. In phyllodes tumours (PT), the AgNOR scores showed a tendency to increase with degrees of malignancy. There was significant correlation between AgNOR counts and proliferation rates as determined by Ki-67 and PCNA immunostaining. Ki-67 and PCNA expression correlated with mitotic count, stromal overgrowth, cellularity and atypia in PT. Determination of the AgNOR number per cell revealed an overlap between FA and PTLGM. The proliferating activity determined by immunohistochemistry with Ki-67 and PCNA antibodies did not reveal any significant difference between FA and PTLGM. In summary, Ki-67 and PCNA expression is suggested as a marker of stromal element proliferation. The results obtained confirm the diagnostic difficulties in distinguishing PTLGM from FA of the cellular type using fine needle aspiration cytology.
EN
Lymphangiomatous polyps of the palatine tonsil are a rare clinical entity with only about 30 odd cases ever reported. All the cases in the literature were described as unilateral tonsillar diseases, except for one paediatric case which had bilateral tonsillar involvement. Due to its unilateral presentation and suspicious appearance similar to tonsillar malignancy, lymphangiomatous polyps may cause heightened anxiety to both patients and doctors alike on a routine oropharyngeal examination. Owing to its rarity and a variety of complex nomenclatures, this condition may also be confusing to the treating otolaryngologist as well as junior pathologist. We report an extremely rare case of bilateral tonsillar lymphangiomatous polyps in a snoring child that was successfully treated surgically via tonsillectomy.
PL
Polipy o charakterze naczyniaka chłonnego migdałka podniebiennego są w praktyce klinicznej odnotowywane bardzo rzadko – dotychczas opisano jedynie około 30 przypadków. Zazwyczaj stwierdzano jednostronne zmiany w obrębie migdałka podniebiennego, tylko u jednego dziecka migdałki były zajęte obustronnie. Polipy o charakterze naczyniaka chłonnego mogą budzić zaniepokojenie pacjenta oraz lekarza ze względu na umiejscowienie po jednej stronie oraz wygląd przypominający nowotwór migdałka. Zważywszy na rzadkość występowania oraz różnorodność nazewnictwa jednostka ta może być również trudna do rozpoznania zarówno dla otolaryngologa, jak i niedoświadczonego patologa. Przedstawiamy niezwykle rzadki przypadek obustronnych polipów migdałka o charakterze naczyniaka chłonnego u dziecka z problemem chrapania, u którego skuteczny okazał się zabieg tonsillektomii.
6
Content available Iridociliary epithelial tumor in a cat
88%
PL
A 15-year-old female spayed domestic short-hair cat was referred for a nonpigmented mass within the pupil of the left eye. In the ophthalmic examination, the non-pigmented mass appeared behind the iris. Visual function was normal, and there were no significant clinical findings except the ciliary body mass. Seven days after presentation, the mass was removed with sclerotomy and iridocyclectomy. The mass was determined to be an iridociliary epithelial tumor upon histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Thirty-eight days after tumor removal, visual function was maintained, and the papillary light reflex remained normal.
EN
A 15-year-old female spayed domestic short-hair cat was referred for a non-pigmented mass within the pupil of the left eye. In the ophthalmic examination, the non-pigmented mass appeared behind the iris. Visual function was normal, and there were no significant clinical findings except the ciliary body mass. Seven days after presentation, the mass was removed with sclerotomy and iridocyclectomy. The mass was determined to be an iridociliary epithelial tumor upon histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Thirty-eight days after tumor removal, visual function was maintained, and the papillary light reflex remained normal.
EN
The activities of six enzymes associated with carbohydrate metabo­lism were measured both in carcinomas and in normal breast tissues. The following differences were observed. 1. The carcinoma showed higher enzyme activities than the normal nummary tissue. 2. The ratios of glutamate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, gluta­thione reductase and catalase to lactate dehydrogenase were lower in carcinomas than in normal tissues. Similarly, the ratios of glutamate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glutathione reduc­tase and catalase to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were also sig­nificantly lower in carcinomas. 3. There were no significant differences in enzyme activities between I and II stage of the disease and the metastatic tissues, however, there were significant differences between I and III stage. The significance of these findings is discussed in terms of the alterations in the balance between the metabolic pathways.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono procedurę termowizyjnych badań przesiewowych, w których dokonano selekcji oraz klasyfikacji obrazów za pomocą sieci neuronowych. Metodę zastosowano do badań zmian nowotworowych piersi. Sieć nauczono za pomocą 15 termogramów obrazujących zmiany patologiczne i 15 termogramów z grupy kontrolnej w projekcji przedniej i bocznej. Dodatkowo zastosowano analizę różnicy cech piersi zdrowej i chorej, co zapewniło największą skuteczność klasyfikacji na poziomie 70%. Lepsze wyniki klasyfikacji uzależnione są od wielkości zbioru uczącego.
EN
In this work, the procedure of screening breast pathology based on thermovision examinations was presented. The thermal image features were evaluated and classified by means of neural networks. 15 thermal images representing pathological lesions and 15 images from control group were examined, both from fivntal and side positions of a patient. In addition, the differences of features of neoplastic and healthy breasts tissue, were evaluated. The classification efficiency up to 70% was achieved. The better classification can be obtained in case of bigger number of thermal images from both groups: pathological and control ones.
EN
A 59-year-old farmer was admitted to the Department of Trauma Surgery because of pain associated with the presence of a tumour on the side of the right thigh. The patient stated that his biggest problem was great difficulty in moving and handling agricultural machinery due to the aforementioned lesion. On physical examination, the patient presented with numerous cutaneous and subcutaneous neurofibromas, as well as one large plexiform neurofibroma. Diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis type 1 was established, based on National Institutes of Health diagnostic criteria. Moreover, molecular genetic testing found known pathogenic mutation p.Arg1769* in one of the alleles of NF1 gene (heterozygote), typical for Recklinghausen disease. The big plexiform neurofibroma in the patient was not operated on because of lung cancer.
18
Content available remote Novel properties of antimicrobial peptides.
75%
EN
Endogenous peptide antibiotics are known as evolutionarily old components of innate immunity. Due to interaction with cell membrane these peptides cause permeabilization of the membrane and lysis of invading microbes. However, some studies proved that antimicrobial peptides are universal multifunctional molecules and their functions extend far beyond simple antibiotics. In this review we present an overview of the general mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides and discuss some of their additional properties, like antitumour activity, mitogenic activity, role in signal transduction pathways and adaptive immune response.
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