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EN
A new method of transfer function determination through solution in time domain is presented. As compared to the linear problem the proposed new formulation of the problem employs five instead of three sequences of unknowns. This makes it possible to bring the errors of adjusted observations closer to white noise and to improve the accuracy of transfer function approximation. In this formulation, however, the problem looses its linearity and one must use a nonlinear instead of linear method of least-squares. The authors propose an economical algorithm of the method of successive approximations. For finding the initial approximation, the use is made of the linear problem solution.
EN
Results of transfer function analysis for a class of distributed parameter systems described by dissipative hyperbolic partial differential equations defined on a one-dimensional spatial domain are presented. For the case of two boundary inputs, the closed-form expressions for the individual elements of the 2×2 transfer function matrix are derived both in the exponential and in the hyperbolic form, based on the decoupled canonical representation of the system. Some important properties of the transfer functions considered are pointed out based on the existing results of semigroup theory. The influence of the location of the boundary inputs on the transfer function representation is demonstrated. The pole-zero as well as frequency response analyses are also performed. The discussion is illustrated with a practical example of a shell and tube heat exchanger operating in parallel- and countercurrent-flow modes.
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2000
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tom Vol. 26, nr 1
67-81
EN
An expression for the output roundoff error variance of second-order state-space digital filter implemented in floating-point arithmetic is derived. The expression is further specified to white-noise and constant inputs which are common in feedback systems. Numerical results are presented for four typical realizations, i.e., controller and observer canonical forms, balanced realization, and minimum-noise-gain filter. All possible realizations are examined by means of a parametric approach. It is demonstrated that a simple modal realization involving poles and residues of the filter transfer function generates error not much larger than that of the minimum-noise-gain realization.
5
Content available remote Optimal Control of Electric Network Chain
70%
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2001
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tom vol. 49, nr 1
149-159
EN
In the paper optimal control of an R, L, C, G electric network chain is considered. For the unloaded RC-chain the gains of the proportional optimal controllers are calculated. The optimal value of the functional is given. The proposed method is alternative to the method of solving Riccati equations for the calculation of the optimal gains.
6
Content available remote A Novel Structure Design and Training Algorithm for Quantum Neural Network
60%
EN
In the structure of original Quantum Neural Network (QNN), only multi-sigmoid transfer function is adopted. Besides that, due to the conflict of the two objective functions in original training algorithm, the training process converges slowly and presents constant variation. In this paper, the QNN with multi-tan-sigmoid transfer function and a novel training algorithm which combines the two objective functions are proposed. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the structure improvement and the new training algorithm.
PL
W oryginalnym algorytmie kwantowej sieci neuronowej QNN tylko multisigmoidalna funkcja przejścia jest wykorzystywana. W pracy zaprezentowano sieć z multi-tan-sigmoidalną funkcją przejścia z nowym algorytmem uczenia.
7
Content available remote Model matematyczny autokompensacyjnego przetwornika immitancja-napięcie
60%
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2011
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tom R. 87, nr 3
297-300
PL
W artykule przedstawiono ogólny model matematyczny autokompensacyjnego przetwornika immitancja-napięcie oraz sposób uproszczenia tego modelu. Dokonano również estymacji zakresu adekwatności uproszczonego modelu względem częstotliwości oraz podprzedziałów przetwarzania. Omówiono prostą i poglądową metodykę analizy transmitancji przetwornika, przydatnej do wykorzystania w praktyce inżynierskiej.
EN
In this paper a complex generalized mathematic model of autocompensation immitance-to voltage converter and a mean of simplification this model are presented. Also the simplified model estimate range of adequacy with regard to frequency and conversion range has been derived. The simple and evident analysis method of converter transfer function suitable to the use in engineering is discussed.
9
Content available remote The stability of an irrigation canal system
60%
EN
In this paper we examine the stability of an irrigation canal system. The system considered is a single reach of an irrigation canal which is derived from Saint-Venant's equations. It is modelled as a system of nonlinear partial differential equations which is then linearized. The linearized system consists of hyperbolic partial differential equations. Both the control and observation operators are unbounded but admissible. From the theory of symmetric hyperbolic systems, we derive the exponential (or internal) stability of the semigroup underlying the system. Next, we compute explicitly the transfer functions of the system and we show that the input-output (or external) stability holds. Finally, we prove that the system is regular in the sense of (Weiss, 1994) and give various properties related to its transfer functions.
10
51%
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano ewolucyjną metodę identyfikacji stanu liniowego układu analogowego. Detekcja stanu dokonywana jest na podstawie analizy odpowiedzi czasowej. System ewolucyjny wykorzystuje ewolucję różnicową do poszukiwania optymalnego rozkładu zer, biegunów i współczynnika wzmocnienia transmitancji, który zapewni odpowiedź czasową identyczną jak w układzie identyfikowanym. W trakcie oceny fenotypu obliczana jest odchyłka bezwzględna pomiędzy przebiegami, która podlega minimalizacji w toku ewolucji.
EN
The evolutionary approach described in the paper allows to identify the analog circuit state. The analysis of a time response is used for circuit state recognition. The evolutionary system is basing on differential evolution and it is searching for the optimal zeros, poles and amplification coefficient decomposition which assure a time response identical as in the tested circuit. An absolute deviation is calculated during fitness evaluation and it is minimized during evolution.
11
51%
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2002
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tom Vol. 22, Nr 2
163-172
PL
Zamieszczono analizę układu masowo-tłumiąco-sprężystego (MTS) zespołu posuwowego wrzeciennika narzędziowego szlifierki do wałków, który wraz ze szlifowaniem i procesami w silniku napędzającym hydrostatyczną śrubę pociągową tworzy zamknięty dynamiczny układ posuwu obrabiarki. Porównano funkcje przejścia układu MTS wrzeciennika obliczone na podstawie modelu z więzami geometrycznymi i modelu z odpowiednio rozmieszczonymi elementami sprężysto-tłumiącymi, opisującymi * związek kinematyczny między ruchem obrotowym śruby a postępowym przesuwem nakrętki. Oceniono przydatność obu modeli więzi kinematycznej do opisu zjawisk i procesów zachodzących w zamkniętym dynamicznym układzie posuwu obrabiarki.
EN
Paper presents analysis of mass-damping-spring (MDS) system of feed drive of headstock of grinding machine that along with grinding process, working processeses in motor of hydrostatic screw constitute looped dynamic feed system of machine tool. Transfer functions computed on the basis of model with geometrical constraints and those generated by the model with appropriately located spring-damping elements are compared. Transfer functions describe kinematic relationship between screw rotational motion and translational motion of nut. Both models of kinematic constraints are evaluated from the point of view of description of phenomena ocurring in the looped dynamic system of machine tool feed drive.
12
51%
EN
The paper deals with the problem of continuous-time (CT) identification of parameters in transfer functions for low-order linear systems, based on recorded discrete-time (DT) data. Algorithms for direct estimation of CT parameters are developed from rules for transformation of a CT transferfunction controlled via a zero-order sampling-and-hold unit into a DT representation.Two schemes are derived and tested: the first is based on the Goodwin transformation and the other is derived from the modified Tustin transformation. Both the approaches result in relations which can be used for direct estimationof CT parameters in a model of the investigated system. The numerical schemes contain some expressions that are reminiscent of DT differences and consequently they may magnify disturbances. Therefore the results of extensively testing both the schemes including different types of disturbances, measurement noise, slow varying drifts, measurement resolution errors together with changes in the sampling time are presented. A model of a pneumatic servomechanism system was used as a test plant.
13
Content available remote J-energy preserving well-posed linear systems
41%
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2001
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tom Vol. 11, no 6
1361-1378
EN
The following is a short survey of the notion of a well-posed linear system. We start by describing the most basic concepts, proceed to discuss dissipative and conservative systems, and finally introduce J-energy-preserving systems, i.e., systems that preserve energy with respect to some generalized inner products (possibly semi-definite or indefinite) in the input, state and output spaces. The class of well-posed linear systems contains most linear time-independent distributed parameter systems: internal or boundary control of PDE's, integral equations, delay equations, etc. These systems have existed in an implicit form in the mathematics literature for a long time, and they are closely connected to the scattering theory by Lax and Phillips and to the model theory by Sz.-Nagy and Foias. The theory has been developed independently by many different schools, and it is only recently that these different approaches have begun to converge. One of the most interesting objects of the present study is the Riccati equation theory for this class of infinite-dimensional systems (H2- and Hinfty-theories).
14
Content available remote J-energy preserving well-posed linear systems
41%
EN
The following is a short survey of the notion of a well-posed linear system. We start by describing the most basic concepts, proceed to discuss dissipative and conservative systems, and finally introduce J-energy-preserving systems, i.e., systems that preserve energy with respect to some generalized inner products (possibly semi-definite or indefinite) in the input, state and output spaces. The class of well-posed linear systems contains most linear time-independent distributed parameter systems: internal or boundary control of PDE’s, integral equations, delay equations, etc. These systems have existed in an implicit form in the mathematics literature for a long time, and they are closely connected to the scattering theory by Lax and Phillips and to the model theory by Sz.-Nagy and Foiaş. The theory has been developed independently by many different schools, and it is only recently that these different approaches have begun to converge. One of the most interesting objects of the present study is the Riccati equation theory for this class of infinite-dimensional systems (H^2 - and H^∞ -theories).
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