Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The Biomedical Role of Zinc in the Functioning of the Human Organism

100%

Białek M. , Zyska A.

Polish Journal of Public Health

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2015

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tom 124

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nr 3

160-163

EN

Zinc is one of the most important microelements that can be found in the human organism. It is a component or an activator of various enzymes and takes part in more than 300 enzymatic reactions. It is present in all types of human tissue. About 90% of the general amount of zinc can be found in bones and muscles, 11% in liver and skin. Zn2+ ions are stable ions in biological environment and they do not participate in redox reactions that occur inside an organism. Assimilability of this element by living organisms is varied. It depends largely on the sort of food and interactions occurring between zinc and other elements. Zinc is an essential element for normal development and maintenance of human health. The data presented in this article result from an overview of studies presented in literature published in the last five years concerning zinc transport mechanisms, the role of zinc in functioning of the human body, and also pathophysiological states caused by too low or excessive concentration of zinc in an organism.

2

Single particle analysis of soil dust by aerosol time-of-flight laser mass spectrometry

100%

Xiao-Yong Guo X.-Y. , Wen-Wu Zhao W.-W. , Ming-Qiang Huang M.-Q. , Hai-Yang Zheng H.-Y. , Li Fang L. , Wei-Jun Zhang W.-J.

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2007

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tom Vol. 37, nr 3

229-235

EN

A laboratory study was carried out to investigate the single particle soil dust using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The presence of crustal elements is observed in the mass spectra of individual particles. Potassium and iron constitute the two most commonly detected cations. Other common cations observed in the mass spectra of soil particles include sodium and magnesium. According to a large number of single aerosol diameters, we obtained the size distribution. Peaks in the positive ion mass spectra enable us to identify individual dust particles in atmospheric samples and track chemically distinct dust particles in the atmosphere using aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

3

Ocena stopnia zanieczyszczenia gruntów wybranymi pierwiastkami w gminie Pawłowice

100%

Adamczyk Z. , Komorek J. , Kozik A. , Nowińska K.

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2010

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tom T. 5, z. 4

7-19

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań koncentracji pierwiastków śladowych w gruntach gminy Pawłowice. Wyniki badań ujawniają, że udział substancji organicznej jest niski i nie przekracza 6 procent. Analizowane grunty charakteryzują się niemal identycznym składem mineralnym. Zawartości wszystkich analizowanych pierwiastków ujawniają na ogół większą ich koncentrację w poziomie 0,30-1,00 m, w porównaniu do poziomu 0,00-0,30 m. Niezależnie od głębokości poziomu, klasa ziarnowa ‹ 0,05 mm zawiera zwykle wyższe koncentracje pierwiastków śladowych w porównaniu do klasy › 0,05 mm. Maksymalne zawartości oznaczonych pierwiastków śladowych w badanych punktach gminy Pawłowice nie stanowią nawet 20 procent wartości dopuszczalnej. Zawartości prawie wszystkich oznaczonych pierwiastków śladowych mieszczą się w zakresie niższych koncentracji, niż wynikające z interpolacji z "Atlasu geochemicznego Górnego Śląska". Wyjątkiem jest chrom, którego zawartość w gruntach gminy Pawłowice jest 2-3 razy większa.

EN

The paper presents results of trace elements concentration analysis in grounds of Pawłowice Gmina. This results show that participation of organie matter is low and do not exceed 6 percent. Analyzed grounds are characterize by almost identical mineralogical composition. Contents of all analyzed elements shows in general higher concentration in 0,30-1,00 level in comparison with 0,00-0,30 m level. Apart from depth of level, size grade ‹ 0,05mm usually consists higher concentrations of trace elements in comparison with size grade › 0,05 mm. Maximum concentration of tracę elements in analyzed points of Pawłowice Gmina are not part even 20 precent of acceptable value. Contents of almost all analyzed trace elements are contained in lower concentrations range than these which follow from "Atlas geochemiczny Górnego Śląska". Exception chromium which concentration in Pawłowice Gmina grounds is 2-3 times highest.

4

Partitioning of major and trace elements of a Turkish lignite with size and density

100%

Ozbayoglu G.

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2011

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tom Vol. 47

51-60

EN

This research was devoted to determine the concentration and distribution of major and trace elements in a Turkish lignite and to investigate the partitioning behaviour of them in various size and density fractions to estimate the possibility of removal of trace elements by conventional coal cleaning. Three size fractions which were used in industrial coal cleaning processes were chosen. Each size fraction was separated into various density fractions by float and sink tests, which were evaluated for major and trace elements. These tests showed that by applying the same size and density fractions of industrial coal cleaning processes, more than 70% of Mo, Nb, Nd, W, Hg and Zr could be removed, which were approximately equal to the result achieved for ash removal.

5

Trace elements and rat pouchitis

100%

Drzymała-Czyż S. , Banasiewicz T. , Walas S. , Kościński T. , Wenska-Chyży E. , Drews M. , Walkowiak J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2012

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tom 59

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nr 4

599-601

EN

The procedure of restorative proctocolectomy is associated with a complete removal of the colon and slight reduction of ileum length, which together can lead to systemic shortages of trace elements. Inflammatory changes in the pouch mucosa may also have some impact. However, there is no data on trace elements in pouchitis. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to assess the effect of acute pouchitis on the status of selected trace elements in rats. Restorative proctocolectomy with the construction of intestinal J-pouch was performed in twenty-four Wistar rats. Three weeks after the surgery, pouchitis was induced. Eight untreated rats created the control group. Liver concentrations of selected micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Se) were measured in both groups six weeks later, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Liver concentrations of trace elements did not differ between the study and the control groups. However, copper, cobalt and selenium concentrations [μg/g] were statistically lower (p<0.02, p<0.05 and p<0.04, respectively) in rats with severe pouchitis (n=9) as compared with rats with mild pouchitis (n=7) [median (range): Cu - 7.05 (3.02-14.57) vs 10.47 (5.16-14.97); Co - 0.55 (0.37-0.96) vs 0.61 (0.52-0.86); Se - 1.17 (0.69-1.54) vs 1.18 (0.29-1.91)]. In conclusion, it seems that acute pouchitis can lead to a significant deficiency of trace elements.

6

Use of peat cores from ombrotrophic bogs to assess the atmospheric deposition of trace elements: comparison of data from Poland and Norway

88%

Steinnes E. , Twardowska I.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

66-69

7

Trace element concentrations in fish and bottom sediments of a eutrophic dam reservoir

88%

Szarek-Gwiazda E. , Amirowicz A. , Gwiazda R.

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2006

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tom Vol. 35, No.4

331-352

EN

Total trace element concentrations and their binding forms were studied in benthic sediments and in roach (benthivore), bream (planktivore/benthivore), and pikeperch (piscivore) in the upper and lower sections of the Dobczyce Reservoir in southern Poland. The sediment was polluted to a low degree by Cd and relatively unpolluted by Pb, Zn, Mn, and Fe. According to the index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), Cd was the most mobile element in the sediment and was bioconcentrated in fish tissues to the highest degree, especially in roach, which feeds by burrowing into the sediment. The trace element distribution in fish tissues (muscle, liver, kidney, and gills), fish species, and in fish from different locations is discussed.

8

Binding form of trace elements in sediment of a meromictic lake

75%

Szarek-Gwiazda E.

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2008

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tom Vol. 34, no. 2

35-47

EN

Speciation of trace elements in the sediment of a meromiclic Piaseczno Lake (inundated opencast sulphur mine, southern Poland) with permanently anoxic monimolimnion was studied. A 6-step sequential extraction procedure was applied to determine operationally defined phases: exchangeable (F1), carbonate (F2), easily reducible (F3), moderately reducible (F4), organic/sulphides (F5), and residual (F6) in the sediment. The differences in trace elements (except Mn) speciation in the littoral sediment with the respect of lake depths were not found. Considerable difference in the trace elements speciation between the littoral sediment and permanently anoxic profundal one was found.

PL

Badano specjację metali ciężkich w osadzie meromiktyeznego jeziora Piaseczno (zatopiona kopalnia siarki, południowa Polska) ze stale beztlenowym hypolimnionem. Wykorzystano sześciostopniową ekstrakcję sekwencyjną w celu oznaczenia operacyjnie zdefiniowanych faz: jonowymienną (Fl), węglanową (F2), łatwo redukowalną (F3), średnio redukowalną (F4), organiczno-siarczkową (F5) i pozostałą (F6). Nie stwierdzono różnic w specjacji metali ciężkich (z wyjątkiem Mn) w osadzie litoralu wraz ze zwiększającą się głębokością jeziora. Stwierdzono istotne różnice w specjacji metali ciężkich pomiędzy osadem litoralu, a stale beztlenowym osadem profundalu.

9

Wybrane pierwiastki śladowe w krajowych kaolinach i iłach ceramiki budowlanej (cz. 1)

75%

Wyszomirski P.

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1998

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tom R. 40, nr 2

23-26

10

Wybrane pierwiastki śladowe w krajowych kaolinach i iłach ceramiki budowlanej (cz. 2)

75%

Wyszomirski P.

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1998

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tom R. 40, nr 3

7-8

11

Content of selected trace elements in soils of the former sulphur mine "Grzybów"

75%

Sołek-Podwika K. , Ciarkowska K.

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2007

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tom Vol. 14, nr 11

1215-1219

EN

The disturbance of the ecological balance of soils in the Tarnobrzeg Sulphur Basin was caused by the high amount of sulphur in the soil and as a result a strong acid soil reaction. The object of the studies was to estimate the effect of plants exploiting and processing sulphur, heavily developed transport as well as other plants in the vicinity on heavy metals enrichment of soils of sulphur mine "Grzybów". The results of the studies did not show the negative impact of the sulphur industry on the increase of the heavy metal content in soil environment.

PL

Naruszenie równowagi ekologicznej gleb w Tarnobrzeskim Zagłębiu Siarkowym wywołane było silnym ich zasiarczeniem, którego skutkiem było silne zakwaszenie gleb tego terenu. Celem badań było określenie wpływu zakładów eksploatujących i przerabiających siarkę, silnie rozwiniętego transportu oraz innych występujących w sąsiedztwie zakładów przemysłowych na wzbogacenie w metale ciężkie gleb kopalni "Grzybów". Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań nie wykazały ujemnego oddziaływania przemysłu siarkowego na zwiększenie zawartości metali ciężkich w środowisku glebowym.

12

Comparison of selected methods of preparation water samples for analysis of trace elements

75%

Rajkowska M. , Lidwin-Kaźmierkiewicz M. , Antonowicz J.

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2007

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tom Vol. 14, nr 12

1255-1260

EN

The aim of this work was to compare selected methods of preparing water samples for analysis of trace elements: Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. Four methods were compared: two standard methods EPA 3015A and EPA 200.7 and also two modifications of the EPA 3015 A method. In the first modification the samples of water were concentrated by evaporation in Kjeldahl flasks and in the second method by lyophilization. The efficiency of analysis was verified by method of standard addition. In the method of concentration of water in Kjeldahl flasks and also, in the method of lyophilization of the water samples, the obtained results: (100 š 15 %) indicate high efficiency of both methods. In the standard methods, the results were lower than those in the modified methods.

PL

Celem tej pracy było porównanie wybranych metod przygotowania próbek wody do oznaczania pierwiastków śladowych: Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Zn. Wybrano cztery metody: dwie standardowe EPA 301SA i EPA 200.7, a także dwie modyfikacje metody EPA 301SA. Pierwsza modyfikacja polegała na zagęszczaniu próbek wody poprzez odparowywanie w kolbach Kjeldahla, w drugiej metodzie zastosowano liofilizację. Efektywność analiz była weryfikowana metodą dodatku wzorca. W metodzie zagęszczania wody w kolbach Kjeldahla, a także w metodzie z zastosowaniem liofilizacji uzyskano wyniki w granicach (100 š 15 %), co wskazuje na dużą skuteczność tych metod. W metodach standardowych otrzymano wyniki mniej zadowalające.

13

Evaluation of chromium, nickel, iron and manganese content in wheat, flour, bran and selected baked products

75%

Bawiec P. , Halabis M. , Marzec Z. , Kot A. , Solski J. , Gawel K.

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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2014

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tom 27

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nr 2

71-75

EN

Considering the nutritional values, breadstuff plays a big part in covering human nourishment needs and constitutes a base of all day diet. Moreover, bread is an excellent source of numerous vitamins and minerals the abundance of which depends on the degree of grinding. Thus, it seems to be very important to know the composition and level of bio-elements. That is why the main target of this study was to evaluate the concentration of selected trace elements: chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in wheat grain, wheat bran, different wheat and rye flour types and variety of breadstuff also with addition of grains and seeds from different bakeries and mills. Another task was to analyze if the technological process has an influence on secondary despoil of bread goods with heavy metal elements. The analyzed trace elements were measured with a precise and accurate atomic absorption spectrophotometric method (AAS) and the results were expressed in mg/kg of selected sample. Obtained results show that bread and grain products are a good source of trace elements like chromium, nickel, iron and manganese. However, the higher levels of chromium and nickel in bread goods could rather be an effect of impurity caused by a technological process in mill and bakeries.

14

Wybrane pierwiastki śladowe i makroskładniki w nerkach orła bielika (haliaeetus albicilla)

75%

Bielawski L. , Falandysz J. , Danisiewicz-Czupryńska D.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

11-12

15

Influence of a vegetation period on the content of selected trace elements and heavy metals in common herbal plants

75%

Semratowicz I. , Rusinek E. , Ognik K. , Truchliński J.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

64-65

16

Ecological aspects of long-term fertilization: accumulation of some trace elements in soils

75%

Karpova E. A.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

30-32

17

Zastosowanie metody ICP-MS do oznaczania śladowych zawartości pierwiastków w próbkach roślin

75%

Dreger M. , Karmasz D. , Lech D.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

21-24

18

Pierwiastki śladowe w układzie gleba-roślina

75%

Kabata-Pendias A. , Szteke B.

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2006

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tom Nr 16

28-29

19

Genetic relationships between metabasalts and related gabbroic rocks: an example from the Fore-Sudetic Block, SW Poland

75%

Dziedzic K. , Dziedzic H.

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2000

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tom Vol. 33, nr 1

33-48

EN

The metabasalts occurring within the gneisses of the eastern part of the Góry Sowie gneiss block, have either enriched or depleted LREE patterns. However, these two types of metabasic rock are indistinguishable in terms of their major elements and many trace elements. Their intimate association indicates that their parent magmas erupted nearly contemporaneously. They originated through the decompressional, two-stage incremental melting of a mantle diapir source. The LRRE enriched variety of the basalts was formed from a spinel/garnet peridotite melt mixture which was followed by spinel peridotite melts. From the latter melts, cumulate gabbros crystallized and extracted portions of these melts provided the LRRE depleted variety of basalts. This strongly suggests that the metabasalts are compatible in age with the gabbros. Both of the metabasalts varieties developed mainly by AFC processes involving mantle source melts and lower continental crust components. From a comparison of these metabasalts with those in adjacent areas, it is possible to draw the conclusion that volcanic activity in the whole region had the same time-span. The metabasalts were metamorphosed to LP hornblende granulites, synchronously with the surrounding amphibolite facies gneisses of the margins of the Góry Sowie Block, which were metamorphosed to LP-HT cordierite gneisses. They originated due to the transition from high-grade amphibolite to granulite facies conditions associated with a near-isothermal decompression, during the time of the late Variscan (Carboniferous).

20

Late Palaeozoic lamprophyres and associated mafic subvolcanic rocks of the Sudetes (SW Poland): petrology, geochemistry and petrogenesis

75%

Awdankiewicz M.

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2007

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tom Vol. 39

11-97

EN

Lamprophyric magmatism in the Sudetes, in the eastern part of the European Variscides, occurred during a period of post-collisional extension in the Carboniferous. The lamprophyres (minettes, vogesites, spessartites, kersantites) and associated mafic rocks (monzonites, micromonzodiorites) were emplaced as dyke swarms and as scattered veins that cut the crystalline basement and, locally, the overlying molasse deposits. The dyke swarms are adjacent to major regional dislocations, represent distinctive magmatic centres that are related to separate magmatic systems and each are characterized by specific parental melts that have undergone individualised shallow-level differentiation processes. The two largest dyke swarms are associated with the Karkonosze and Kłodzko-Złoty Stok granitoid massifs: these show the widest geochemical and petrographic variation, due to more advanced differentiation in long-lived magmatic systems. In contrast, a small dyke swarm emplaced in the SW part of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, unrelated to granites, is strongly dominated by minettes only. Geochemical characteristics of the mafic rocks studied herein vary from (ultra)potassic in the minettes to calc-alkaline in the micromonzodiorites and from primitive (Mg# = 80-60 in many lamprophyres) to evolved (Mg# down to 30 in some micromonzodiorites). Some richterite minettes show Nb-enriched trace element patterns, but negative Nb anomalies are more typical. Richterite minettes posesess ?Nd300 and 87Sr/86Sr300 values that range from +1.9 to -8.3, and from 0.7037 to 0.715, respectively. The other rocks in this study show negatively correlated Nd and Sr isotopic ratios, between these extremes. The geochemical data suggest three types of mantle source for the lamprophyres and associated mafic rocks: (1) An asthenospheric, depleted and later re-enriched source; (2) A lithospheric source contaminated by subducted crustal rocks; (3) A lithospheric source metasomatized by subduction-related fluids. The richterite minette magmas originated from low degrees of partial melting, under high H2O/CO2 conditions, of garnet-phlogopite-peridotites. The Nb-enriched and Nb-depleted minettes are derived from sources (1) and (2), respectively. Kersantite magmas originated from source (3). The factors of source mixing, variable depths and degrees of melting, and aggregation of melts all influenced the compositions of other primitive minette and vogesite magmas. The other rocks studied (spessartites, monzonites, micromonzodiorites) are variably differentiated. Zoning and other disequilibrium textures in phlogopite, biotite, amphibole and clinopyroxene phenocrysts, together with the presence of xenocrysts, xenoliths and enclaves (cognate, restitic, migmatitic) constrain several processes that were involved in the shallow-level evolution of magmas: mixing, fractional crystallization, assimilation of crustal rocks. However, post-magmatic replacement of the igneous phases by albite, chlorite, epidotes, actinolite, blue amphiboles, titanite, carbonates, prehnite, pumpellyite and grossularite-andradite partly obscures the magmatic assemblages and textures. There are four more general results of this study. First, there is evidence for a strong heterogeneity of the upper mantle and of the presence of subduction-modified mantle beneath the Sudetes during the Late Palaeozoic. Second, the lamprophyre magmas originated and evolved in spatially and petrologically distinct, vertically extensive magmatic systems that spanned the asthenospheric and lithospheric mantle and the lower/middle crust. Third, a broad spectrum of source-related and shallow-level magmatic processes gave rise to the emplacement of primitive, mantle-derived magmas and of variably evolved magmas. Fourth, close links existed between late Variscan tectonics, the location of lamprophyric magmatism, and the shallow-level emplacement processes of mafic dykes.