Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Szlachta a duchowieństwo podczas panowania Zygmunta Starego

100%

Godlewski Ł.

|

2014

|

tom Białostockie Teki Historyczne, 2014, tom 12

EN

During the reign of Sigismund I the Old relations between gentry and clergy were visibly tense. The main source of the conflict was the issue of a state reform suggested by chivalry. Crystalizing in the first half of the XVI century, execution movement program considerably infringed clergy’s legal and economic privileges. The reform program proposed by gentry pertained to several social, religious, economic and legal issues. In all these spheres the Church and chivalry differed in opinions, which resulted in a complicated confrontation and impossibility of working out of consensus. The fact that the compromise could not be reached made both sides act even more vigorously, insisting on fulfillment of all their demands. In the fight against the Senate and Monarchy, members of the Chamber of Deputies were still more and more convinced of their increasing power. Thus, still more boldly and unanimously, they defended rights of chivalry and demanded extension of privileges on expense of clergy and the mighty. However, gentry was able neither to impose permanent taxes on the Church nor devoid clergy of remaining the only authority in deciding on issues concerning the faith. Undoubtedly, due to unhesitant position of the Polish Episcopate and support of Sigismund I the Old, clergy managed to retain their political and economic privileges, although political privileges were considerably undermined during the reign of Sigismund Augustus.

2

Problemy z Rozmyślaniem przemyskim. Formułowanie sądów ogólnych a wielowarstwowość średniowiecznego tekstu

75%

Mika T.

|

nr Numer Specjalny

87-104

EN

The paper analyses the largest Polish mediaeval apocrypha, Rozmyślanie przemyskie. Using this example, the author shows the difficulty of formulating general judgments about mediaeval texts with a multilayered structure. The differences between the subsequent versions of the text prove to be rather large in the case of Rozmyślanie przemyskie. For this reason, even the assignment of the monument’s language to a specific dialectal base may apply to no more than a single layer of the text and, as a result, Red Ruthenian features may be found to co-appear with Lesser Polish ones. The author proposes that Rozmyślanie przemyskie displays both the vestiges of the original structure of the text, and traits of a new structure introduced by the last copyist. It is him who gave a title to the text, divided it in two, and added a considerable part of section titles. Therefore, we need to revise our current view that the last copyist was responsible for no more than the introduction of multiple mistakes into the text, and for incorporating into it the voice that was originally located in the margins and between the lines.

3

Tytuły polskich zinów. Wstęp do badań nad onimią „trzeciego obiegu” (1978-1989) i „obiegu alternatywnego” (od 1990)

63%

Flont M.

|

nr XVIII/3

EN

The article is an introduction to the analysis of the titles of Polish underground and alternative press, i.e. zines produced by subcultures, artistic and political groups. At the beginning the author presents some definitions and a typology of zines: fanzines and artzines. Then, the history of Polish zines in nonofficial “tertiary” and “alternative” circulation and the history of zines in the world is discussed. The next part presents general facts about zines: the first scientific development of zines, anthologies, catalogues, dissertations, biographies. Before the presentation of the research, the author discusses onomastic methodology and troubles with it: many scholars treat an analysis of zine titles as an innovation. Then, the author shows results of the title analysis of the zines produced by anarchists, punks, ecologists, animal rights activists and vegetarians. These were divided into cathegories, based on the semantic dominants („ideology”, „tradition”, „anti-aesthetic”, „humour”). Their texts operate in similar discourses. The last part of the article is a conclusion. Other titles (artistic and polital groups, metal music fans and hooligans) are presented in the second part of the article.

4

The Title Hierarchy of the Last Komnenoi and the Angelos Dynasty – from Sebastohypertatos to Sebastokrator 

63%

Lachowicz P.

|

tom 11

283-300

EN

The system of dignities introduced by Alexios I Komnenos was an answer for the need of a new reformed title hierarchy, adequate for aristocratic model of exercising power. It served as a clear manifestation of the special privileged position of emperor’s kinsmen. The titles granted to those relatives and affines can be traced accurately up to the reign of Manuel I. So far, however, little space has been devoted to the analysis of that system during the Angelos dynasty.It is often generally assumed following Niketas Choniates testimony, that the title hierarchy in the late 12th century suffered certain loss of value or inflation. It is worth taking a closer look at this process, on the example of the titles traditionally granted to the closest family members, at the courts of Andronicus I Komnenos and the Angeloi. I would like to focus particularly on those dignities, that at the time of the Komnenoi were given to the emperor’s siblings and his sons-in-law – from sebastohypertatos to sebastokrator. That part of the title hierarchy was much closer to a ruler, making it easier to trace.The basic problem encountered by researchers of this period is the small number of sources, not allowing for full reconstruction of the title hierarchy. However, very limited information found in the written sources can be complemented by aristocratic lead seals, which often included the dignity of their owners.From such an analysis emerges a picture of a steady evolution of the Komnenian system. The emperors of the late 12th century adjusted court dignities to need at hand. Yet that process doesn’t seem to diminish significantly the value of the highest titles.

5

Nazwy własne jako symptomy kultury (na przykładzie tytułów poradników autoterapeutycznych)

51%

Skowronek K.

|

tom 60

47-67

EN

The article discusses the issue of proper names defined as symptoms of culture. The first part is of a theoretical character and develops the theory of symptomatology of culture in the context of semiotics (Ch. Peirce), psychology and psychoanalysis (S. Freud and J. Lacan), and onomastics. Symptomatology of culture is a practice of interpreting a certain group of texts of culture and extracting common qualitative traits within them. This is especially in the case of those traits specific to them and often encountered, which could testify to particular serious and deeply-rooted social phenomena leading to their appearance. In the empirical part the author presents a way of using (onymic) symptomatology in practice to research modern culture. She uses the examples of popular psychological and auto-therapeutic guidebooks and treats them as linguistic symptomatic forms of the most significant linguistic and cultural phenomena along with their social causes and functions which are often dysfunctional or abnormal in character. The analysis comprises the most typical conceptual and syntactic constructions encountered in the group.