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1

The positive aspects of the natural environment in shaping the regional identity of young people

100%

Adamczewska M.

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nr 3

47-57

EN

The relations between man and nature constitute an immemorial subject of the geographical research. Man, while striving to understand the surrounding world and its secrets, simultaneously alters and transforms it. The importance of knowing the rules of rational functioning in the natural environment, especially in the modern, globalized world is proven by it being a subject of schooling at all education levels. The purpose of the students gaining knowledge on the natural environment and the rules of its normal functioning in order to provide a balanced development thereof, is also meant to shape appropriate attitudes, consciousness and responsibility for the natural environment, both in the global and local aspects. Therefore, an attempt to determine the significance of the natural environment in shaping the sense of local identity in young people has been made. Studies on the local and regional identity have been conducted with the high schoolers from the Łódź voivodeship using the survey method. The results of the research allowed to determine the level of knowledge on the natural environment in the area of the students’ places of residence, including the areas protected by law. A high importance of natural values in shaping the pride of a person’s place of residence was also proven. Moreover, it turned out that the advantages of the natural habitat are in a high position in terms of areas considered “magical places”. The natural environment values are more likely to shape local identities in students residing in rural areas, in a direct neighbourhood of protected areas, forests or rivers.

2

Simplified analytical method for the robustness assessment of precast reinforced concrete structural systems

88%

Tur V. , Tur A. , Lizahub A.

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2021

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tom Vol. 20, no 4

93--114

EN

The article presents the simplified implementation of alternative load path method based on the energy balance approach. This method should be used to check the global resistance of a damaged structural system after the occurrence of an accidental event. Basic assumptions of simplified analytical models for modelling resistance of horizontal ties in a damaged structural system, taking into account the membrane (chain) effects, were presented. An approach to modelling the dynamic resistance of a damaged structural system based on the energy balance method is described. Calculated dependencies for checking the robustness of a prefabricated multi-storey building with hollow-core slabs after the loss of the central column are proposed and considered using an example. On the considered example, a comparison of the required tie sections area with the dynamic resistance designed using the energy balance method (EBM) and according to the current standards, and a statistical assessment of the reliability of the load-bearing capacity models are carried out. In the end, a brief algorithm for the simplified calculation of the dynamic resistance of a damaged structural system is proposed.

3

Zabezpieczanie historycznych sklepień przed deformacjami pochodzącymi od rozporu

63%

Karczmarczyk S. , Jurczakiewicz S.

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tom R. 106, z. 2-B

163-174

PL

Sklepienia przekrywające wnętrza zabytkowych świątyń cechują się znacznymi rozpiętościami i ze względu na sposób ich powiązania z pozostałymi elementami układu nośnego mają decydujący wpływ na bezpieczeństwo i trwałość obiektu. Jednym z najczęściej występujących problemów jest bezpieczne przeniesienie sił rozporu i zachowanie geometrii sklepień. Problemy te ulegają często pogłębieniu w następstwie wadliwie zrealizowanej przebudowy bądź zmian formy i skali oddziaływań na te sklepienia. Obok zagadnień bezpieczeństwa i trwałości samej struktury sklepień, często pojawiają się problemy ochrony wartościowych historycznie i artystycznie malowideł zdobiących sklepienia. Autorzy artykułu przedstawiają cztery przykłady obiektów o charakterze sakralnym, które wykazywały awaryjny stan sklepień oraz wykonane projekty ich zabezpieczeń, których celem była zmiana schematu spływu sił od rozporów sklepień zapewniająca bezpieczne przeniesienie tych sił i spełniająca wymagania estetyczne. Realizacja tych zabezpieczeń była warunkiem powodzenia dalszych prac konserwatorskich.

EN

Vaults of great span over the interiors of historical temples and the way they are connected with other elements of the building carrying system have an important influence on the safety and durability of these buildings. One of the most common problems is the safe work of construction under the thrust forces and preservation of the vault geometry. Those problems become even more serious as the result of incorrectly carried out rebuilding or in consequence of changing the form and range of forces. Apart from the issue of safety and durability of the structure of the vaults, there are also problems with preserving valuable historical paintings decorating the vaults. The authors focus on four historical temples where the vaults have been seriously damaged. The projects of their preservation introduced changing the way of transmitting thrust forces which ensures safe work of the construction and does not affect the esthetic value. Carrying out the protection was necessary to succeed in the following preservation works on the brickwork of the vaults and the paintings.