Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Effect of ethanol on the processes of thermoregulation

100%

Huttunen P.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

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1990

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tom 41

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nr 1-3

2

Changes in tympanic temperature during the exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phone

100%

Bortkiewicz A. , Gadzicka E. , Szymczak W. , Zmyślony M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2012

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tom 25

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nr 2

145-150

EN

Objective: Mobile phones generate microwave radiation which is absorbed by exposed tissue and converted into heat. It may cause detrimental health effects. The aim of the experiment was to check if exposure to EMF emitted by mobile phone influenced the tympanic temperature. Material and Methods: Human volunteer study was performed on ten healthy young men, aged 22.1±4.7 years, examined three times: 1. on a day with 2×60 min of no exposure (sham day), 2. on a day with continuous, 60 min exposure and 60 min of no exposure, 3. on a day with intermittent exposure (4×15 min “on” and 4×15 min “off”). Exposure was generated by mobile phone (frequency 900 MHz, SAR 1.23 W/kg). The study was double-blind, performed under controlled conditions (at 24°C and 70% humidity). The tympanic temperature (Tty) was monitored every 10 sec by a thermistor probe placed close to the aural canal membrane in the ear opposite the one in contact with mobile phone (contralateral position). Multivariate repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to calculate the results. Results: The mean Tty in the whole group during continuous exposure was significantly higher than during sham exposure (p = 0.0001). During intermittent exposure the temperature was lower than during sham day (difference was up to 0.11°C). Within an hour after continuous exposure, Tty was higher by 0.03°C and after intermittent exposure Tty was lower by 0.18°C in comparison with sham day. Two hours after exposure Tty was significantly lower (p = 0.0001) than after sham exposure (0.06°C and 0.26°C respectively). The trends in Tty during experiment differed significantly in relation to exposure conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this analysis indicate that the physiological response to EMF exposure from mobile phone was mostly related to type of exposure (continuous or intermittent).

3

Metabolism and thermoregulation in the Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus

88%

Wang D. , Wang Y. , Wang Z.

Acta Theriologica

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2000

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tom 45

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nr 2

EN

Oxygen consumption, thermal conductance and body temperature of Meriones unguiculatus (Milne-Edwards, 1867) were measured at a temperature range from 5 to 40°C. The lowest mean metabolic rate tBMR) was 2.13 ± 0.14 ml02 g~ 1 h , which is higher than the predicted values based on their body mass. The thermal neutral zone (TNZ) was 26 to 38°C. Mean body temperature below the TNZ was 38.4 ± 0.5°C. Mean thermal conductance below the TNZ was 0.179 ± 0.037 ml02 g-1 • h-1 • °C which is also higher than predicted values based on their body mass. Thermoregulatory characteristics of Mongolian gerbils are very different from that found in arid-adapted small mammals. The extreme severe climate perhaps is the main selective force faced by Mongolian gerbils during their evolution with their macroenvironments.

4

Is the prostaglandin E2 responsible for pyrogen fever centrally or peripherally derived?

75%

Milton A. S.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

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1990

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tom 41

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nr 1-3

5

Termowizyjna ocena gry naczyniowej u dzieci zdrowych po zastosowaniu kriostymulacji jednej tylko ręki

75%

Śliwiński Z. , Zagrobelny Z.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2000

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tom Vol. 6, nr 3-4

97-103

PL

Przedstawiono prawidłowości występujące w grze naczyniowej w kończynach górnych u dzieci zdrowych po schładzaniu parami ciekłego azotu jednej tylko ręki. Temperaturę rąk rejestrowano za pomocą kamery termowizyjnej typu Agema 570. Uzyskane rezultaty pokazują że temperatura spada nie tylko w kończynie schładzanej, lecz także w kończynie, która nie była poddana zabiegowi. Symptomatyczne jest to, że w kończynie nieschładzanej po 5 minutach od zakończenia zabiegu średnia temperatura jest wyższa od temperatury początkowej. Natomiast 5-minutowy czas od chwili zakończenia schładzania jest zbyt krótki dla ręki oziębianej, aby jej temperatura wróciła do wartości temperatury początkowej.

EN

Authors presented the investigations of the influence of the cryostimulation on the circulation system in arms. The arms temperature was recorded by means of thermal Camera 570 Agema. The obtained results demonstrated that the temperature of the right and left hand was lower as the initial one. Five minute after the cryostimulation the temperature in the non-cooled hand was higher than before test but it was too short time for relaxation of the temperature in cooled hand.

6

Osmotic and nonosmotic influences on thermoregulatory evaporation in dehydration and rehydration

75%

Beker M. A. , Turlejska E.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

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1990

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tom 41

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nr 1-3

7

Relation between body-size and thermoregulation behavior: postprandial thermophily in spiny-tailed agama Uromastyx acanthinura Bell

75%

Berec M. , Stara Z. , Polakova S.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 1

EN

Ectothermal vertebrates regulate their body temperature within definite limits to maintain physiological processes at their optimal levels. Among others, food processing and absorption are strongly temperature-dependent. Deficiency of adequate temperatures limits ectotherms in growth and maintenance. On the other hand, thermoregulatory behavior is costly and should be constrained by many factors. Using artificial thermal gradients (26–44℃ ), we measured temperature preferences of 10 spiny-tailed agamas (Uromastyx acanthinura) in controlled indoor experiment. Each lizard could choose place in the terrarium before and after feeding. Then, temperature preferences during pre-feeding and post-feeding periods were compared. We found significant increase of preferred temperature after feeding. Detailed view revealed that there is consistent influence of body size: bigger lizards maintained higher temperature during the whole experiment. We hypothesize that bigger potential predation risk on smaller lizards due to their size would force them to choose less optimal conditions.

8

Problemy bezpieczeństwa procesowego w półokresowych reaktorach zbiornikowych z mieszadłem

75%

Molga E. , Lewak M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2013

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tom T. 92, nr 12

2204-2206

PL

Podsumowano wieloletni dorobek zespołu naukowo-badawczego działającego na Wydziale Inżynierii Chemicznej i Procesowej Politechniki Warszawskiej (WIChiP PW). Przedstawiono problemy utraty kontroli termicznej w półokresowych reaktorach zbiornikowych z mieszadłem. W wyniku przeprowadzonych prac zaproponowano metodę wyznaczania bezpiecznych i jednocześnie ekonomicznych warunków prowadzenia takich reakcji. Metoda ta, oparta na zastosowaniu kryterium bezpieczeństwa procesowego wykorzystującego tzw. wykresy graniczne, ze względu na swą prostotę a jednocześnie dokładność i niezawodność może być szeroko stosowana w praktyce przemysłowej i wielkolaboratoryjnej.

EN

A review, with 25 refs., of authors’ own papers on safety problems and thermal runaway phenomena in chem. reactors. A simple and accurate method for detn. of inherently safe economically efficient operating conditions was developed and recommended for industrial practice. The safety criterions were based on boundary diagrams.

9

Different effects of centrally and peripherally administered neuropeptides on temperature regulation

75%

Szelenyi Z.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

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1990

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tom 41

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nr 1-3

10

Importance of dynamics of sweating in men during exercise

75%

Grucza R. , Hanninen O.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

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1990

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tom 41

|

nr 7

EN

Grucza R. and Hänninen O.: Importance of dynamics of sweating in men during exercise. Acta Physiol. Pol. Influence of dynamics of sweating on rectal temperature increase was tested in 3 groups of men performing cycle exercise with intensity of 65, 90 and 120 W, respectively, in 22°C chamber temperature and 30% of relative air humidity. During exercise at 65 and 90 W the subjects wore suits while exercising with intensity of 120 W they wore only shorts. The dynamics of sweating was described by delay in onset of sweating and time constant of the reaction. Wearing caused significant increase in skin humidity and decreased evaporative rate of sweating. Sweat rate during steady state was related to the metabolic rate in naked (r = 0.89, p < 0.002) as well as in wearing subjects (r = 0.93, p < 0.01). Delay in onset of sweating was, in average, 5 min with a time constant of 7 min. Both factors showed a tendency to be shorter with increasing work intensity. Mean increase in rectal temperature was proportional to the intensity of exercise although the individual ATre correlated well with the dynamics of sweating in naked (r = 0.83, p < 0.01) and wearing subjects (r = 0.84, p < 0.01). Since ΔTre was smaller in subjects with shorter inertia time of sweating in response to beginning of exercise at the same intensity it is concluded that the dynamics of sweating can play an important role in limiting body temperature increase in working men.

11

Porównanie rozkładu temperatury powierzchniowej ciała kobiet i mężczyzn za pomocą termowizji

75%

Dębiec-Bąk A. , Skrzek A.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

|

2012

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tom Vol. 18, nr 1

25-30

PL

Utrzymanie stałej temperatury ciała jest warunkowane prawidłowymi funkcjami fizjologicznymi organizmu człowieka. Równowaga cieplna będąca fizyczną wypadkową między ciepłem wytworzonym przez organizm a ciepłem rozproszonym osiągana jest poprzez precyzyjną regulację biologiczną. Przekazywanie ciepła z narządów wewnętrznych do tkanek powierzchniowych, w tym do skóry, a także zjawisko odwrotne angażuje do termoregulacji krążenie skórne. Celem pracy jest analiza zróżnicowania rozkładu temperatury powierzchniowej w różnych obszarach ciała pomiędzy grupą młodych zdrowych kobiet i młodych zdrowych mężczyzn. Badanie objęło 240 zdrowych studentów Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu, obojga płci, w wieku 20–25 lat. Przebadanych zostało 154 kobiet w wieku 19,32–25,92 lat (średnia wieku 21,58 š 1,55) oraz 86 mężczyzn w wieku od 19,38 do 25,34 lat (średnia wieku 22,22 š 1,64). Wykonano rejestrację rozkładu temperatur 29 obszarów ciała kamerą termowizyjną Flir Systems ThermoVision A20M. Przeprowadzone badania termowizyjne wykazały duże zróżnicowanie temperatury powierzchniowej w zależności od badanego obszaru ciała. W większości analizowanych rejonów ciała stwierdzono niższe temperatury w grupie badanych kobiet niż mężczyzn.

EN

Maintenance of a constant body temperature is determined by the propoer physiological functions of the human organism. The thermal balance, resulting from the heat produced by the organism and the diffusion of the heat, is achieved by the precise biological regulation. The heat flow from the internal parts of the organism towards the superficial body layers and skin and in the opposite direction, requires the activation of the skin circulation. The aim of the study was to compare the temperature distribution within various body regions between healthy young men and women. The examination included 240 young healthy students of the University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, aged 20-25 years, among them 154 women aged 19,32- 25,92 years (mean age 21,58 š 1,55), as well as men aged 19,38-25,34 years (mean age 22,22 š 1,64). The temperature distribution in 29 regions was recorded by means of thermovision camera Flir Systems ThermoVision A20M. Examination revealed that there are significant differences in the temperature, depending on the examined body region. Prevalently, the lower temperatures were noticed in women than in men.

12

Kriokomory w medycynie

75%

Wojciechowicz A. , Targański W.

Technika Chłodnicza i Klimatyzacyjna

|

2011

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tom nr 6-7

316-322

PL

Krioterapia uznawana jest za jedną z najstarszych metod leczenia. Polega ona na stosowaniu "zimna" przede wszystkim w celu pobudzenia różnych procesów fizjologicznych, a także aby zniszczyć tkanki patologicznie zmienione. Zabieg krioterapii jest powszechnie stosowaną metodą leczenia schorzeń. W artykule omówiona została budowa i charakterystyki techniczne urządzeń wykorzystywanych w krioterapii ogólnej, nazywanych kriokomorami. Autorzy przedstawili przebieg samego zabiegu krioterapii ogólnej, zwracając uwagę na diagnostykę za pomocą termowizji, jako skuteczną metodę weryfikacji skutków zabiegu. Sformułowali wskazania i przeciwwskazania do zabiegu krioterapii

EN

Cryotherapy is one of the oldest therapy methods. Nowadays it is more and more popular. Low temperature is used there physiological processes or to destroy pathologic tissues. The paper deals with the design and technical parameters of devices cryotherapy known as cryochambers. The therapy procedure is described and the role of thennography in verification of cryotherapy is mentioned. Indications and counter-indications for cryotherapy are given

13

Termowizyjna ocena zmian temperatury powierzchni ciała koszykarzy po treningu

75%

Chudecka M. , Lubkowska A.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

|

2011

|

tom Vol. 17, nr 4

271-274

PL

Cel. Celem pracy była ocena zmian temperatury wybranych powierzchni ciała (ramion i przedramion) u koszykarzy po 90-minutowym wysiłku fizycznym (jednostce treningowej w hali sportowej) oraz ocena wpływu wybranych czynników fizjologicznych (pułap tlenowy - VO2max, tętno maksymalne - HRmax, średnie tętno podczas treningu - HRt, stosunek procentowy średniego tętna treningowego do tętna maksymalnego (%HRmax), a także wydatek energetyczny podczas treningu mierzony ilością zużytych kalorii). Oceniono również wpływ czynników morfologicznych (wysokość i masa ciała, grubość fałdu skórno-tłuszczowego na ramieniu i przedramieniu prawym i lewym, wskaźnik BMI, skład ciała oraz powierzchnia ciała analizowanych obszarów) na zmiany temperatury skóry. Materiał i metody. Badaniami objęto 12 zawodników wyczynowo uprawiających koszykówkę. Jednostka treningowa trwała 90 minut i miała charakter wytrzymałościowy. Zbadano cechy morfologiczne i fizjologiczne zawodników. U każdego badanego zarejestrowano serię 3 termogramów: przed treningiem, bezpośrednio po treningu oraz po 10 minutach od zakończenia treningu. W badaniach wykorzystano kamerę termowizyjną ThermaCAM TM Sc500 firmy Flir Systems. Analiza. Bezpośrednio po treningu rejestrowano spadek temperatury analizowanych powierzchni ciała, spowodowany poceniem się. Wyższe spadki średnich temperatur odnotowano w przypadku powierzchni przednich kończyn górnych. Na podstawie analizy regresji stwierdzono, że czynnikiem mającym statystycznie istotny wpływ na wielkość zmian temperatury w seriach badań jest poziom pułapu tlenowego oraz wydatek energetyczny. Wnioski. Istotna statystycznie zależność pomiędzy poziomem pułapu tlenowego a spadkiem temperatur powierzchni kończyn górnych (ramion i przedramion) bezpośrednio po treningu wskazuje, że termografia może być wykorzystana do badania sprawności mechanizmów termoregulacji zawodnika.

EN

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the temperature changes within the selected body parts of basketball players (upper extremities - arm and forearm), directly after the 90-minutes physical exercise, as well as the analysis of the impact of physiological and morphological factors on the dynamics of temperature changes. Material and methods. The examined group consisted of 12 professional basketball players, subjected to the 90-minutes training, including the elements of the actual game in a sport hall. The physiological factors: Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max), Maximum Heart Rate (HRmax), Individual Mean Training Heart Rate (HRt), the ratio of mean heart rate during training expressed as a percentage of HRmax, and the energetic expenditure during the training and morphological factors (body height and mass, skin-fat fold on the right and left arm and forearm, BMI, body composition and body surface), were measured. The temperatures distribution in the examined body parts were registered before, immediately after and 10 min after physical effort by means of a thermovision camera (ThermaCAM TM Sc500, Flir Systems). Main findings. After the exercise the skin temperature decrease resulting from prolonged sweating during the dynamic exercises, was observed. The recorded temperature decrease in the series of tests was always higher in the front than in the back surfaces of the upper extremities. The statistically significant positive correlation between Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) during the training session and the decrease of skin temperatures after exercise, were observed. Conclusions. The statistically significant positive correlation between the maximum oxygen uptake and the mean surface temperatures in the upper extremities (arm and forearm), measured just after the exercise, indicates that thermography may be used as a non-invasive method allowing examination of thermoregulation mechanism of basketball players.

14

The rheodynamics factor in the thermoregulation model

75%

Shulman Z. P. , Makhaniok A.

Applied Mechanics and Engineering

|

1999

|

tom Vol. 4, no spec.

169-176

EN

The external or superficial heat or cold action has a strong influence on blood rheology and systemic and microvessels blood circulation. The tissue blood flow rate intensity is generally accepted to describe by Stolwijk's phenomenological model in the skin and Sekins's model in the muscle. We proposed an own model - a modification of Stolwijk's model, including influence of blood viscosity and vessel wall elasticity on the blood flow rate. A single equivalent vessel presents the arterioles and small arteries. The wall stress and the wall deformation of this vessel have described by Hook and Voigt-Kelvin models. The analytical expression has been obtained, which generalised Stolwijk and Sekins models. The quantitative analysis of the vessel wall elasticity influence on blood flow rate in the equivalent vessel has been performed out with the help of two dimensionless parameters, namely, the so-called "primary reaction" of the vessel at heating or cooling Dr and dimensionless complex p. The parameter 'DELTA''ro' is controlled by temperature. The p-complex is directly proportional to the transmural pressure value (Pinside-Poutside) and inverse proportional to elasticity modulus of the equivalent vessel wall. It has been found that the twofold increase of elasticity modulus decreases the blood flow rate on 30% at 'DELTA''ro' = 0,1 and < 1% at 'DELTA''ro' = 0,6. This means, that the elasticity modulus influence is increased with the stress relaxation of the vessel muscles. The new rheodynamics model of the thermoregulation was applied to the numerical simulation of the human body cooling process. The combined influence of vessel wall elasticity and temperature on blood flow rate and heat transfer for water hypothermia conditions has been considered. The tem-perature dependence of the apparent blood viscosity has been described by Arrenius' model. The results show the strong influence of blood viscosity and vessel wall elasticity alternations on blood flow rate and the heat transfer of man at moderate hypothermia (Tcore > 29-31oC). In the case water hypothermia at +10oC it has been shown that twofold increase of initial blood viscosity and wall elasticity modulus reduce the brain temperature on 3oC.

15

Influence of some biologically active agents on brain temperature sensitivity in the rabbit

75%

Yaitchnikov I. K. , Borodin Y. S.

Acta Physiologica Polonica

|

1990

|

tom 41

|

nr 7

16

Intracerebroventricular physostigmine enhances blood pressure and heat loss in running rats

75%

Pires W. , Wanner S. P. , La Guardia R. B. , Rodrigues L. O. C. , Silveira S. A. , Coimbra C. C. , Marubayashi U. , Lima N. R. V.

|

tom 58

|

nr 1

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the stimulation of central cholinergic synapses in the regulation of heat loss in untrained rats during exercise. The animals were separated into two groups (exercise or rest) and tail skin temperature (Ttail), core temperature and blood pressure were measured after injection of 2 µL of 5 x 10-3 M physostigmine (Phy; n = 8) or 0.15 M NaCl solution (Sal; n = 8) into the lateral cerebral ventricle. Blood pressure was recorded by a catheter implanted into the abdominal aorta, Ttail was measured using a thermistor taped to the tail and intraperitoneal temperature (Tb) was recorded by telemetry. During exercise, Phy-treated rats had a higher increase in mean blood pressure (147 ± 4 mmHg Phy vs. 121 ± 3 mmHg Sal; P < 0.001) and higher Ttail (26.4 ± 1.0° C Phy vs. 23.8 ± 0.5° C Sal; P < 0.05) that was closely related to the increase in systolic arterial pressure (r = 0.83; P < 0.001). In addition, Phy injection attenuated the exercise-induced increase in Tb compared with controls without affecting running time. We conclude that the activation of central cholinergic synapses during exercise increases heat dissipation due to the higher increase in blood pressure.

17

Insecticides and thermoregulation in insects

75%

Tegowska E.

Pestycydy

|

2003

|

nr 1-4

18

Nest thermoregulation and metabolic rates in the hornet Vespa crabro L.

75%

Schmolz E. , Lamprecht I. , Schricker B.

|

1998

|

tom 42

|

nr 2

19

Body Heat Balance of a Man with Deficient Sweat Rate Subjected to Physical Work in a Hot Environment

63%

Sołtyński K. , Konarska M.

|

2000

|

tom Vol. 6, No. 3

335--345

EN

The dynamics of physiological stress and thermal balance were investigated in men subjected to endogenous and exogenous heat loads. The study was conducted using the thermometric method. Substantial differences in the dynamics of the tested parameters and their quantitative characteristics were observed in 1 out of 8 participants. In this article, the observed differences are rationalized in terms of the deficient sweat rate mechanism. It is pointed out that it is indispensable to address these cases in work safety regulations.

20

Internal heat gains in relation to the dynamics of buildings heat requirements

63%

Lubina P. , Nantka M.

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2009

|

tom Vol. 2, no. 1

137-142

EN

The paper presents time functions of internal heat gains in apartment and office buildings. Assumed hourly functions have been used as input data for development of a simulation program concerning dynamics of heat requirements and the operation of central heating systems with thermostatic valves. Concluding remarks may be applied to influence analysis of internal heat gains in the tested buildings.

PL

Przedstawiono czasowe przebiegi zmienności występowania wewnętrznych zysków ciepła w budynkach mieszkalnych i biurowych. Przyjęte godzinowe przebiegi tych zysków posłużyły następnie, jako dane wejściowe do opracowanego programu symulującego dynamikę potrzeb cieplnych i pracę instalacji centralnego ogrzewania z zaworami termostatycznymi. W konkluzji podano wnioski mogące znaleźć zastosowanie przy analizach wpływu wewnętrznych zysków ciepła w badanych budynkach.