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2 Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛЯ В ШКОЛАХ ПОДІЛЛЯ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ СТ.

100%

Опушко Н.

nr 5(59)

369-376

The profession of a teacher is complex and multifaceted, it requires constant improvement of professional skills. The quality of the proceedings of the educational process and multifaceted development of the younger generation depend on the proper professional teacher training. As it is noted in the National Doctrine of Education of Ukraine in the XXI century “permanent professional development of teachers is an important condition for the modernization of education”. In our view, the improvement is impossible without studying the experience of past practice, taking into account disadvantages of activities and usage of its best ideas. Concentrating our attention on the study of education in general, summarizing its contents, forms, methods of training and education, we cannot ignore the nature and features of professional work of teachers in schools in Podillya the first half of the nineteenth century. That is an essential component of quality assurance of educational process. The article highlights the features of professional work of a teacher in schools in Podillia during the first half of the nineteenth century. In research process and analysis of historical and educational publications and archival sources on these issues, the author have analyzed the regulatory legal framework governing the activities of pedagogical staff, the peculiarities of professional training of the future teachers and semantic filling of process, identified and analyzed the main professional abilities and the nature of educational work of teachers of different types of schools in the region during the specified period, the issue of their social protection is investigated, the basic requirements (professional and personal) that treated before the candidates for the position of the teacher are noticed. It is found out that the main requirements to the teacher’s personality in the first half of the nineteenth century were: love for children, patience, courage, and responsibility. The author believes that this study is not exhaustive and further investigation needs the question of educational activities of teachers in schools of Podillia in the first half of the XX century, and examining the requirements which were applied to private teachers of the specified period.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ КУЛЬТУРНО-ІСТОРИЧНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ ШКІЛЬНОЇ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ

84%

Муртазієв Е.

nr 5(39)

88-97

This article describes the theoretical foundations of cultural and historical part of modern mathematics education. The concept of educational paradigm of the philosophy and pedagogy is interpreted. Classification of educational paradigms is made. Humanization and liberalization of education are described. Components of cultural and historical components of mathematics education are characterized. Analysis of the scientific work of researchers who determine what educational principles and humanization reform covering all educational sectors at different stages of the didactic process and are important landmarks of modern didactics is made. The analysis of school textbooks in mathematics that clearly shows the level of use of cultural and historical components now is made. The substantive components and goals of cultural and historical constituent are described, the review of literature is made, the analysis of the proposed use in teaching mathematics cultural and historical component of mathematics education. The cultural approach is considered as a set of methodological techniques that provide analysis of education, in terms of cultural concepts such as culture, cultural patterns, norms and values, cultural activities and interests. The key components of mathematics education: theoretical, practical, technological, cultural and historical are examined. These components perform specific functions and tasks and are interconnected. The basic elements that make up all paradigms are the following: understanding of the system of knowledge necessary to a person; understanding the type of culture and means of human development in the process of mastering the subject; principles of coding and transmission of information; public awareness of the importance of education; awareness of the cultural development of a person; the role of education in society; understanding of the character and place of the teacher as a carrier of knowledge and culture in the educational process; image and place of the child in the structures of education and training.