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Expectation of an important event affects responses to irrelevant stimuli of different modalities

100%

Michalski A.

tom 60

nr 4

Periodic alterations of event-related potentials (ERPs) were studied during "oddball" tasks. Sequences of randomly intermixed frequent (non-target) and rare (target) stimuli were presented. In visual experiments, these were flashes of light of two different colors. In auditory tests there were two tones of different frequencies. The instruction was to keep a mental count of each target stimulus. To study the alterations of the "state of the brain" produced by target detection, responses to non-targets immediately following targets were compared with responses to an eighth subsequent non-target stimulus. To evaluate the effect of such "brain states" on responses to stimuli of a different modality, additional visual stimuli (probes) were delivered after both auditory and visual "oddball" stimuli. It was found that responses to the eighth presentation of non-target stimulus were preceded by significant negative shift of recorded potential. This shift was smaller before the responses to non-targets immediately following the presentation of target stimuli. The difference was significant both in auditory and visual tests. Responses to "oddball" stimuli were little affected: only the reduction of P200 peaks in "after target" responses was significant in visual tests. Responses to probes showed stronger effects: when visual probes followed visual "oddball" stimuli, all three components measured (N100, P130 and P200) were shifted positively in responses to eighth presentations of non-targets. When visual probes were presented in auditory tests, only the amplitude of the N100 component was significantly affected.

A novel, rapid, and simple PMA-qPCR method for detection and counting of viable Brucella organisms

84%

Zhang S.-J. , Wang L.-L. , Lu S.-Y. , Hu P. , Li Y.-S. , Zhang Y. , Chang H.-Z. , Zhai F.-F. , Liu Z.-S. , Li Z.-H. , Ren H.-L.

tom 64

nr 2

Modelling and evaluation of bistatic radar systems' capabilities

84%

Nowak T. , Mazur M. , Pędziwiatr J. , Nalewaja A. , Sankowski M.

2011

tom Vol. 52, nr 12

81-85

In that paper capabilities of bistatic radar systems are presented. Single independent receiver is described, including the antenna system parameters and their impact on whole system performance. The operation of single receiver with a PSR (Primary Surveillance Radar) is simulated for several realistic scenarios and system parameters, which enables to point out advantages and disadvantages of single receiver. Then a bistatic radar network using the TDOA method is briefly described. Simulations performed for the same scenarios show substantially better performance of the network of bistatic receivers, as compared with the capabilities of the single receiver. Finding a bistatic radar network relatively cheap solution for extending radar range and increasing detection quality some practical applications were also proposed.

W artykule przedstawiono zdolności bistatycznych systemów radarowych. Scharakteryzowano pojedynczy odbiornik bistatyczny, w tym wpływ parametrów anten na cechy funkcjonalne systemu. Działanie pojedynczego odbiornika współpracującego z radarem ATC zostało zasymulowane dla różnych realistycznych scenariuszy, różnych parametrów systemu oraz celów. Na tej podstawie oceniono wady i zalety pojedynczego odbiornika. Symulacje przeprowadzone dla sieci odbiorników bistatycznych, wykorzystujących metodę TDOA do określenia pozycji celów, wykazały większe możliwości sieci odbiorników w porównaniu do pojedynczego odbiornika. Ponieważ sieć radarów bistatycznych stanowi względnie tanie rozwiązanie, pozwalające na zwiększenie zasięgu radarów pierwotnych omówiono ich przykładowe aplikacje.