The paper presents the morphological approach to the extraction of the blood cells on the basis of the image of the bone marrow smear. The basic operation leading to the segmentation of the cells is the watershed algorithm cooperating with the morphological operations like erosion, dilation opening and closing. On the basis of statistical results we have shown that morphological operations represent very efficient tool for the extraction of the blood cells from the medical image.
PL
Praca przedstawia metody przetwarzania morfologicznego obrazu rozmazu szpiku kostnego w zastosowaniu do segmentacji komórek krwiotwórczych. Podstawą ekstrakcji komórek z obrazu jest algorytm działów wodnych współpracujący z podstawowymi operacjami morfologicznymi, takimi jak erozja, dylatacja, otwarcie i zamknięcie. W pracy pokazano, że zastosowanie operacji morfologicznych do segmentacji obrazów medycznych prowadzi do bardzo dobrych wyników wydzielenia poszczególnych komórek i zdecydowanie góruje nad klasycznymi metodami filtracyjnymi.
Bone marrow transplantation dates back to the ‘50s, but greatest progress in this therapeutic modality applied successfully in the treatment of several conditions took place mostly during the past 25 years. Among all organ transplantations, bone marrow transplants are second only to kidney transplants. In Poland this therapeutic technique also undergoes a rapid development. During the past 10 years, absolute numbers of various forms of transplantation increased 100-fold, starting from 6 procedures in 1989 to over 700 at present. Essentially, the term bone marrow transplantation (BMT), present in names of international associations and registers, is in fact a colloquialism (e.g. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation). A much more appropriate term would be hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). This is because progenitor cells for transplantation may be obtained not only from bone marrow, but also from peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. The term hematopoietic cell transplantation has a much broader meaning and includes: classic transplantation of bone marrow obtained at surgery, transplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCT) and umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells. All hematopoietic stem cells express on their surface the CD34+ antigen and glycosylated transmembrane protein, a member of the family of adhesion molecules. In healthy persons, expression of this antigen in bone marrow cells is at the level of 1-3%, while in peripheral blood – 0.01-0.1%, and in umbilical cord blood – 0.1-0.4%. The first source (transplantation material) of hematopoietic progenitor cells was bone marrow, while transplantation of stem cells obtained from peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood started much later (during the ‘80s of the past century).