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Uniwersalne prawo relaksacji dielektrycznej. Anomalna dynamika układów złożonych

100%

Weron K. , Chrzan K. L.

Maszyny Elektryczne : zeszyty problemowe

2017

tom Nr 4 (116)

133--138

Praca zapoznaje czytelnika z aktualną wiedzą na temat zjawiska anomalnej (niedebye’owskiej) relaksacji dielektrycznej. Wstępna jej część poświęcona jest krótkiej biografii Andrzeja Jonschera, odkrywcy uniwersalnego prawa relaksacji dielektrycznej. Prawo to, wynikające z analizy częstotliwościowych charakterystyk podatności elektrycznej dziesiątek dielektryków, zburzyło powszechnie akceptowany, debye’owski pogląd na procesy relaksacyjne w tych materiałach. To nowatorskie sformułowanie prawa relaksacji dielektrycznej spowodowało, że na długie lata Jonscher, jak sam napisał w swojej monografii z 1983 r., stał się „enfant terrible of the dielectric establishment who found it difficult to accept his unorthodox ideas”. Mimo kontrowersji, prawo Jonschera stało się impulsem do poszukiwania niestandardowych metod matematycznych (o czym w dalszej części pracy) pozwalających na modelowanie i zrozumienie dynamiki złożonych układów nie tylko fizycznych ale również chemicznych czy nawet biologicznych.

The paper acquaints a readership with the present knowledge on the anomalous (non-Debye) dielectric relaxation phenomenon. It begins with a short biographic note of Andrew Jonscher, a founder of the universal relaxation law. His law, deduced from frequency characteristics of the dielectric susceptibility of dozens various materials, overthrew the commonly accepted Debye’s relaxation model. This innovatory formulation of dielectric relaxation law caused that Jonscher became „enfant terrible of the dielectric establishment who found it difficult to accept his unorthodox ideas”. Although controversy, the Jonscher’s idea influenced non-standard mathematic tools by means of which modelling and understanding of the anomalous dynamics of complex physical, chemical or even biological systems is possible.

Fatigue life prediction of glass reinforced composite materials using Weibull distribution

75%

Djeghader D. , Redjel B.

tom R. 19, nr 3

100-106

Cyclic bending fatigue tests were conducted on randomly oriented short multidirectional glass fiber-reinforced polyester matrices. Standard test specimens were manufactured in rectangles with a volume fraction of 40% glass fibers. The experimental fatigue life results were fitted using S-N curves, which are based on power function equations. S-N curves, which are characterized by important and significant scatter over the lifetime, were correlated using the two-parameter Weibull distribution function to determine the probability of failure and to plot the S-N curves at different reliability levels. These curves are of considerable design value in practical applications of composite materials and predict the sample response at the time of service depending on the degree of reliability.

Demography, density, and survival of an endemic and near threatened cottontail Sylvilagus cunicularius in Central Mexico

75%

Gonzales J. , Lara C. , Vazquez J. , Martinez-Gomez M.

nr 3

A 3-year live trapping investigation was carried out in a temperate forest in central Tlaxcala, México from 2002 to 2004. During a total of 504 trap nights, 87Silvilagus cunicularius Waterhouse, 1848 individuals were captured and marked, and age-specific survival models using demographic parameters were tested using the JOLLYAGE program. We evaluated population density of this species over a 1-year period. The age structure of the population varied among years, and the proportion of adults was relatively constant among years, whereas the proportion of juvenile showed high fluctuations. The sex ratio of juveniles that were recaptured as adults, did not differ from unity neither did the sex ratio for adults. We found no sex bias among cottontails during all 3 years of the study. When data for both sexes were combined, mean survival probability of juveniles was lower than that of adults. Although our line transect counts showed a mean density of 27 ± 5.4 individuals per km2, the obtained results from trapping suggests that this species is low in abundance at La Malinche. Further studies are needed to evaluate demographical aspects of this species at different protected and unprotected areas to obtain robust information about their status.