Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Numerical model of so2 scrubbing with seawater applied to marine engines

100%

Lamas M. I. , Rodríguez C. G. , Rodríguez J. D. , Telmo J.

Polish Maritime Research

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2016

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tom nr 2

42--47

EN

The present paper proposes a CFD model to study sulphur dioxide (SO2) absorption in seawater. The focus is on the treatment of marine diesel engine exhaust gas. Both seawater and distilled water were compared to analyze the effect of seawater alkalinity. The results indicate that seawater is more appropriate than distilled water due to its alkalinity, obtaining almost 100% cleaning efficiency for the conditions analyzed. This SO2 reduction meets the limits of SOx emission control areas (SECA) when operating on heavy fuel oil. These numerical simulations were satisfactory validated with experimental tests. Such data are essential in designing seawater scrubbers and judging the operating cost of seawater scrubbing compared to alternative fuels.

2

A Role of Sulphur Dioxide Adsorption on Zeolite DESONOX Catalysts as the Factor Influencing Sulphur Dioxide Removal from Exhaust Gases

100%

Olszewska D. , Marcewicz-Kuba A.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2008

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tom Vol. 82, nr 1-2

199-204

EN

This paper reports the study of the relation between sulphur dioxide adsorption and sulphur dioxide removal degree from exhaust gases on DESONOX type catalysts based on the synthetic zeolite Sipernat impregnated with vanadium ions by the double impregnation method, with the use of the EDTA solution (first impregnation step) and NaOH with V2O5 solution (second impregnation step) for different periods of time: 4, 16 and 32 minutes. The studied materials are designated as: support – Sipernat, catalysts: Sipernat VX, where X is the impregnation time in minutes. The sulphur dioxide adsorption for all catalysts was smaller than that for the Sipernat support. The active material (vanadium ions) decreased the amount of sulphur dioxide adsorption centers. The samples, which adsorb smaller amount of sulphur dioxide, are better DESONOX catalysts. The sample Sipernat V16 is the best of the studied catalysts.

3

Dependence of air quality conditions in cities in north-western Poland on the direction of air inflow

88%

Kicińska B. , Mikulska M.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2006

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tom 12

81-86

EN

This paper presents the dependence of air pollution with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide on wind direction in Szczecin, Łeba, Elbląg and Zielona Góra in the period 19931999. It has been shown that the most disadvantageous air quality conditions in the cities listed above are on the days with air inflow from south-east, and the most advantageous on the days with advection from north-west. This dependence is particularly evident in the case of pollution with sulphur dioxide, especially in the cold half-year.

4

Fly ash zeolites as sulfur dioxide adsorbents

88%

Suchecki T. T. , Walek T. , Banasik M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 6

EN

Air protection technologies generate massive amounts of solid wastes, including fly ash (FA). Zeolite synthesis from FA seems to be an effective method for FA utilization. In addition, fly ash zeolites (FAZs) could be used for sulfur dioxide (SO2) adsorption. Since there is a lack of sufficient information about SO2 uptake on FAZs, we investigated this phenomenon in detail. Two commercially available zeolites, 3A and SM-27, and two FAZs, one manufactured by the authors and the other obtained from Kimura Chemical Plants, were used for SO2 adsorption tests. Our experiments confirmed that FAZs could be efficient SO2 adsorbents. Observed SO2–zero emission periods varied from 2-3 min for non-activated zeolites to 7-15 min for their thermally activated counterparts. The thermal activation of FAZs increased 2-3 times their SO2 adsorption capacity, resulting in up to 38 mg of SO2/g of zeolitic material.

5

Method of sulfur dioxide reduction to elemental sulfur in plasma stream

88%

Pawlowski S. , Opalinska T. , Polaczek J.

Acta Agrophysica

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2002

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tom 80

6

Sensitivity of terrestrial cyanobacteria to light and sulphite stress

88%

Miszalski Z. , Budel B. , Luttge U.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1995

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tom 04

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nr 4

EN

Under light stress of 1000 /imol s-1m-2 (λ=400 - 700 nm) for 140 min cyanobacteria mats of "tintenstrich" formations on limestone rocks of Kobylaňska-Valley, west of Cracow, Poland showed reduction of the potential and eiTective quantum yield variables ∆F/Fm' and Fv/Fm3, respectively of PSII and the samples first recovered partly after six days. Also, the Fo level, known to be affected by environmental stress, increased rapidly due to strong light intensity. Sulphite stress (100 mM) was first manifested very clearly after a long, 15h exposure, but not during the first 40 min. Thus, these terrestrial cyanobacteria appear to be less sensitive to sulphite stress than eucaryotic algae, lichens and higher plants studied so far. It is not yet clear if this is due to i) special adaptation of these free living terrestrial cyanobacteria growing in a heavily polluted area, ii) buffering capacity of the limestone support, or iii) other factors.

7

Utilization of SO2 from titanium white manufacture by the sulphate process

88%

Lewicki M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1996

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tom 05

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nr 3

EN

It has been found that a suspension of ilmenite in water can be used as absorption medium in a gas desulphurization process. The degree of S02 absorption depends on S02 concentration, on the 02:S02 ratio in the gas, on temperature, and on ilmenite content in the suspension.

8

Immunological effects of environmental exposure to SO2

88%

Rutowski J. , Moszczynski P. , Dobrowolski J. W. , Krochmal D.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1998

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tom 07

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nr 3

EN

The immunological effects of environmental and/or occupational exposure to S02 in air as polluting gas have been examined in a group of 21 exposed men. The determination of S02 concentrations in ambient air in the work enviroment as well as in ambient air in residential areas of these men was performed, always using Amaya-Sugiura passive sampling and ion spectrophotometry. Mean concentration of S02 in ambient air in residential areas was 0.5792 mg • m-3 ± 0.2871 (0.22 to 1.52). Mean concentration of S02 in ambient air in the work enviroment was 2.2612 ± 2.1477 mg • m-3 (0.47 to 9.57). For the determination of T-cells and (CD19+)B-cell populations Behring monoclonal antibodies were used in indirect immunofluorescence tests. The serum levels of immunoglobulins: G, A, M, E; C3c and C4 complement components; total circulating immune complexes (CIC) as well as acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and transferrin were determined by nephelometry. The mean number of total lymphocytes in men exposed to S02 was increased by 43% (p < 0.001). The stimulation T-cell line exposed to S02 was evidenced by increased number of (CD3+)T-cells, by about twice (p < 0.001) increased number of (CD4+)T-helper cells and by 68% (p < 0.001) increased number of (CD8+)T-suppressor cells. The higher increase of (CD4+)T-helper cells compared to (CD8+)T-suppressor cells caused the increased value of the (CD4+)T-helper/(CD8+)T-suppressor ratio by about 25% (p < 0.01) in the subjects exposed to S02. In contrast, a decreased number of (CD16+)NK cells by about 38% (p < 0.001) in men exposed to S02 was also observed. No changes were observed in the number of (CD19+)B-cells, as well as in the (CD3+)T/(CD8+)T-suppressor ratio. In the group exposed to S02, elevation of IgG serum levels by 23.3% (p < 0.001) was evidenced, as well as a decrease of C3c by 15.6% (p < 0.001) and C4 by 30% (p < 0.001), whereas total CIC in the serum was elevateds in same conditions by about 74% (p < 0.001). No changes were observed in the serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgE, CRP, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and transferrin. Significant positive correlations Irl (0.51 to 0.57) were only between S02 concentrations in air and serum concentrations of total CIC. Moreover, significant negative correlations Irl between S02 concentrations in air and leucocytes (WBC), and the determined T-cells populations and (CD19+)B-cells also were observed. In conclusion, environmental exposure to S02 can enhance proinflammatory processes in degree of exposure dependent manner and also can change some parameters of cell-mediated immunity.

9

Issues of the Impact of Granulated Sulfur Transportation on the Environmental Components

75%

Ivanov A. V. , Smirnov Y. D. , Lisay V. V. , Borowski G.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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tom Vol. 24, nr 6

86--97

EN

Nowadays, sulfur is considered one of the primary resources of the chemical industry, most of which is produced as a refinery by-product during the processing of oil and natural gas. Sulfur production volumes are increasing every year, while the demand for it does not always match the growing supply, which leads to a serious problem of sulfur surplus in the world market. Granulated sulfur – the main commercial type of elemental sulfur – is transported in large quantities both by land and sea and can have a negative impact on the environment. At the moment, the issue of the negative impact of granulated sulfur on the environment has not been fully studied, which determines the relevance of this research. This review article presents the global market of granulated sulfur, paying attention to its safe transport – from the producer to the consumer. The potentially harmful factors of the impact of sulfur handling on elements of the natural environment, such as atmospheric air, water reservoirs, soil and vegetation, were also taken into account.

10

Dekompozycja redukcji emisji dwutlenku siarki w polskich elektrowniach, 1995-2008

75%

Iskrzycki K. , Suwała W. , Kaszyński P.

Polityka Energetyczna

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2011

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tom T. 14, z. 2

107-125

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie jakie czynniki wpływają na zmianę emisji końcowej SO2 w elektrowniach w latach 1995-2008. Aby to osiągnąć utworzono model dekompozycyjny, wyszczególniający wielkości kształtujące emisję. Model zakłada zależność między czynnikami: procesowym, paliwowym, sprawności oraz popytu. Dzięki przedstawionym metodom możliwe było określenie efektów pochodzących od wymienionych czynników. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, iż największy wpływ na zmianę emisji końcowej SO2 miały dwa pierwsze efekty: procesowy i paliwowy. Natomiast efekt sprawności oraz popytu nie wpłynął znacząco na wynik końcowy. Dwie z trzech zastosowanych metod dają porównywalne wyniki, zaś metoda dekompozycji niedoskonałej charakteryzuje się nieco zawyżonymi wartościami.

EN

The purpose of the paper was to identify quantitatively factors influencing reduction of sulphur dioxide emission in Polish power stations between 1995 and 2008. A decomposition model was built and analyses dependences between the following factors: process - reduction due to desulphurization units; fuel - result of fuel switch or use of better quality fuel; efficiency - improvements of electricity production technologies; and demand - effect of electricity consumption variations. Various methods of effects evaluation were applied. Results of the study prove that the biggest influence on final emission of SO2 had process and fuel effects. Two out of three applied methods gave similar results, while method which does not perform perfect decomposition had residual.

11

Zanieczyszczenie powietrza atmosferycznego w Polsce. Działania naprawcze w zakresie ograniczania emisji dwutlenku siarki

75%

Wielgosiński G.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Chemiczna i Procesowa / Politechnika Łódzka

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1998

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tom Nr 23

192-202

PL

Omówiono problemy emisji dwutlenku siarki w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zagadnień emisji z procesów spalania paliw. Przedstawiono sytuację Polski na tle Europy oraz omówiono problemy wynikające z konieczności dotrzymania postanowień II Protokółu Siarkowego.

12

Estimating gaseous pollutants in the air near Daura Refinery, Daura Power Plant and South of Baghdad Power Plant by calculating the fuel discharge

75%

Roomi T. O. , Abed A. S.

Przegląd Naukowy. Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2021

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tom 30

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nr 1[91]

13

Semi-markovian approach to modelling air pollution

75%

Bogalecka M.

Safety and Reliability of Systems and Processes

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2021

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tom Summer Safety and Reliability Seminar 2021

31--44

EN

The air pollution assessment based on concentration’s changes of sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, benzene, and particulate matter is discussed in the chapter. The semi-Markov model of the environmental pollution process is introduced and its characteristics are determined. Next the proposed model is practically applied to examine and characterized air pollution in Gdańsk (Poland) as the exemplary industrial agglomeration. The main parameters and characteristics of the air pollution process are determined, such as concentration states of particular kinds of air pollutants, the limit values of transient probabilities and the mean total sojourn times staying at the air pollutants’ concentration states, for the fixed time interval.

14

The influence of a hard coal type on the degree of sulphur dioxide removal

75%

Marcewicz-Kuba A. , Olszewska D.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2007

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tom 9

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nr 3

127-129

EN

In this paper the authors have studied the properties of zeolite and montmorillonite doped with the nickel and cobalt cations in the removal of SO2 from the combustion gases process based on the DESONOX method. Burning coal from the hard coal from the Silesian Coal Basin mine "Julian" and the Lubelskie Coal Basin mine "Bogdanka" with supports only - did not show any reduction of the SO2 emission in the combustion gases.

15

Odsiarczanie gazu w skruberze zderzeniowym

75%

Krasiński A. , Warych J.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2008

|

tom T. 87, nr 6

691-695

16

Związek między stężeniem dwutlenku siarki w powietrzu atmosferycznym a rodzajem napływających mas powietrza w półroczu chłodnym w Ursynowie SGGW

75%

Kleniewska M.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2004

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tom Vol. 13, No. 2

161--167

EN

The following characteristics were elaborated: mean of sulphur dioxide concentration dependently on the kind of air inflow in winter half period, regression equations between sulphur dioxide concentration and meteorological parameters and correlation coefficients of these equations.

17

Analytical characteristics of a new amperometric sulfur dioxide sensor

75%

Chachulski B. , Gębicki J.

Chemia Analityczna

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2006

|

tom Vol. 51, No. 1

135-146

EN

A new type of amperometric sulfur dioxide sensor based on the three-electrode system has been designed. The working electrode of the sensor has been prepared by vacuum sublimation deposition directly onto the membrane surface. Analytical characterization of the sensor has been performed for microporous Teflon®and Nafion® membranes. Both static and dynamic parameters of these sensors filled with internal electrolyte solutions containing dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) have been presented and compared.

PL

Zaprojektowano i skonstruowano amperometryczny czujnik ditienku siarki wyposażony w układ trój elektro do wy. Elektroda pracująca czujnika była napylona bezpośrednio na powierzchnię membrany. Zbadano charakterystyki czujnika z membranami z mikroporo-watego Teflonu® oraz Nafionu®. Porównano parametry statyczne i dynamiczne tych czujników wypełnionych roztworami elektrolitów wewnętrznych zawierających dodatek DMSO.

18

The influence of atmospheric circulation on the air pollution concentration and temperature inversion in Sosnowiec. Case study

75%

Widawski A.

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

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2015

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tom 3

|

nr 2

30-40

EN

Sosnowiec is located in the Katowice Region, which is the most urbanized and industrialized region in Poland. Urban areas of such character favor enhancement of pollution concentration in the atmosphere and the consequent emergence of smog. Local meteorological and circulation conditions significantly influence not only on the air pollution level but also change air temperature considerably in their centers and immediate vicinities. The synoptic situation also plays the major role in dispersal and concentration of air pollutants and changes in temperature profile. One of the most important are the near-ground (100 m) inversions of temperature revealed their highest values on clear winter days and sometimes stay still for the whole day and night. Air temperature inversions in Sosnowiec occur mainly during anticyclone stagnation (Ca-anticyclone centre and Ka-anticyclonic ridge) and in anticyclones with air advection from the south and southwest (Sa and SWa) which cause significantly increase of air pollution values. The detailed evaluation of the influence of circulation types on the appearance of a particular concentration of pollutants carried out in this work has confirmed the predominant influence of individual circulation types on the development of air pollution levels at the Katowice region. This paper presents research case study results of the thermal structure of the near-ground atmospheric layer (100 m) and air pollution parameters (PM10, SO2, NO, NO2) changes in selected days of 2005 year according to regional synoptic circulation types. The changes in urban environment must be taken into account in analyses of multiyear trends of air temperature and air conditions on the regional and global scales.

19

Zastosowanie wskaźnika WZ do oceny stopnia zanieczyszczenia powietrza dwutlenkiem siarki w chłodnej porze roku

75%

Kleniewska M.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

|

2007

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tom Vol. 16, No. 2

86--92

EN

WZ index is an aggregated indicator of air pollution, that encompasses the joint impact of various meteorological elements on pollution (sulphur dioxide) concentration level. Following meteorological elements were taken into account: mean daily air temperature, wind speed at the height of 10 m above the ground level at the time 12 UTC, precipitation, atmospheric air pressure and existence of lower inversion layer. The most often the maxima of WZ index correlate in time with appearance of maxima in air pollution in Decembers, Januaries and Februaries.

20

Investigations of the SO2 sorption on a carbon sorbent. VIII. Periodicity of the process

75%

Jastrząb K.

Polish Journal of Applied Chemistry

|

1998

|

tom Vol. 42, nr 3-4

229-236