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The glucosinolates content in spring rape seeds under the influence of herbicides

100%

Adomas B.

tom 44

nr 3

259-265

Fieldexperiment with spring rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera f. annua) cultivars Star andLisonne was conductedin the years 1995–1999 at the vicinity of Olsztyn, Poland. The herbicides trifluralin (Triflurotox 250 EC), alachlor + trifluralin (Alatrif 380 EC), metazachlor (Butisan 400 SC) andclopyralid(Lontrel 300) were appliedin spring rape according to recommendations (Zalecenia 1993). The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of the herbicides on glucosinolates content in spring rape seeds. The obtainedresults revealedsignificant effect of meteorological conditions on glucosinolates content. The Star cv. was characterizedby higher level of these compounds in comparison with Lisonne cv. The adequate values were 15.96 µmol g-1 of d.m. and 12.32 µmol g-1 of d.m., respectively. It is evident on the base of the statistical analyses of the obtained results that herbicides modified glucosinolates content in seeds of both cultivars. The level of these compounds was increased as the effect of Triflurotox 250 EC use (data obtainedfrom three years investigations) andAlatrif 380 EC (four years) while Butisan 400 SC activity was unfavourable (four years).

Badania polowe z rzepakiem jarym (Brassica napus var. oleifera f. annua) odmian Star i Lisonne prowadzono w latach 1995–1999 na terenie ZPD Bałcyny pod Ostródą, należącego do Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. Celem badań było określenie wpływu herbicydów stosowanych w rzepaku jarym na zawartość glukozynolanów w nasionach. Użyto następujące herbicydy zgodnie z zalecanymi dawkami: Triflurotox 250 SC, Alatrif 380 EC, Butisan 400 SC oraz Lontrel 300 SL. Synteza uzyskanych wyników wykazała istotny wpływ warunków pogodowych na zawartość glukozynolanów w nasionach obu odmian rzepaku jarego. Nasiona odmiany Star gromadziły istotnie więcej glukozynolanów, w porównaniu z odmianą Lisonne, odpowiednio 15,96 i 12,33 mol g-1 s.m.b. Analiza statystyczna wykazała, że herbicydy modyfikowały zawartość glukozynolanów w nasionach obu odmian rzepaku jarego. Istotny wzrost zawartości glukozynolanów (w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym) w nasionach obu odmian rzepaku jarego stwierdzono po zastosowaniu herbicydów: Triflurotox 250 SC (z 3 lat badań), Alatrif 380 EC (z 4 lat), a ich obniżenie po zastosowaniu preparatu Butisan 400 SC (z 4 lat badań).

The influence of nitrogen and potassium fertilization and of the use of growth regulators on yield and seed quality of spring oilseed rape in Latvia conditions

100%

Borovko L.

nr 1

The effect of sulfur fertilization on macronutrient concentrations in the post-harvest biomass of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg)

100%

Jankowski K. J. , Kijewski L. , Groth D. , Skwierawska M. , Budzynski W. S.

tom 20

nr 3

Brassica oilseed crops have very high sulfur requirements. The progressive decrease in the sulfur content of soil, the growing share of cruciferous vegetables in agricultural ecosystems and a significant drop in annual wet and dry deposition of sulfur have prompted a growing body of research into sulfur as a valuable fertilizer ingredient. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sulfur fertilizers applied to soil on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur concentrations in the root residues, straw and oil cake of winter and spring rapeseed. The experimental material was collected from a field experiment conducted in 2005-2008 at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny (Poland). The highest concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and sulfur were noted in the oil cake of both winter and spring rapeseed. Potassium levels were highest in the root residues of winter and spring rapeseed. Winter rapeseed accumulated the highest amounts of calcium in roots, and spring rapeseed – in straw. Sulfur fertilizers applied to soil decreased nitrogen concentrations and increased calcium and sulfur levels in the roots of both spring and winter rapeseed, whereas phosphorus concentrations increased only in the roots of winter rapeseed. Sulfur fertilization led to a drop in the potassium content of winter rapeseed roots (by 0.7 g kg-1 DM) and an increase in potassium levels in spring rapeseed roots (by 1.2 g kg-1 DM). The application of sulfur fertilizers significantly increased potassium and sulfur concentrations in the straw of both spring and winter rapeseed (by 1.3-1.7 and 0.5-0.6 g kg-1 DM, respectively). The application of sulfur fertilizers at optimal doses for winter rapeseed significantly increased the calcium content of straw (by 1.3 g kg-1 DM), but did not lead to differences in nitrogen levels. Sulfur fertilization significantly reduced nitrogen (by 0.7 g kg-1 DM) and calcium (by 0.6 g kg-1 DM) concentrations of spring rapeseed straw. The content of all the analyzed macronutrients increased significantly in spring rapeseed oil cake in response to sulfur fertilization. Sulfur also increased the concentrations of the evaluated macronutrients, excluding nitrogen and phosphorus, in winter rapeseed oil cake.