The aim of the article is to characterise the spelling errors observed in Polish postcard messages. The analysis of the source literature shows that so far little attention has been paid to errors occurring in unsupervised communication. For this reason, nearly 700 errors from around 3,000 texts sent via postcards in the second half of the 20th century were examined. The author discusses individual errors and presents their typology, concluding that the most common mistakes concern the conventional and historical principles of Polish spelling. This conclusion to a large extent confirms the results of previousresearch on the spelling practice of Polish speakers and the so-called “difficult words”.
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In addition to the Jesuit grammars of Czech by J. Drachovius (Olomouc, 1660), J. Konstanc (Prague, 1667) and M. V. Šteyer (Prague, 1668), the anonymous concise grammar book Prima principia linguae Bohemicae (approx. 1678) was also published at the Jesuit printing office in Prague. On 48 pages, it contains the basic rules of Czech orthography and the nominal and verbal paradigms. The majority of the paradigms and the orthography rules correspond to those in the handbook by M. V. Šteyer, who probably is also the author of Prima principia. The book’s description of the main traits of what was at that time the higher standard bears witness to its stabilized form and continuity not only up until the end of the 18th century, which is reflected by its reprint in 1783, but also in the long term. If we compare the phonological formation and the paradigms of this higher variety of Middle Czech with the forms of the present-day standard, we do not find any essential differences.
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