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EN
The reproduction aspect of the biology of Pomatoschistus minutus was investigated on fish collected in the Gulf of Gdańsk from March to October 2002. The study zone was from the shore to a depth of about 1 m. The sand goby is common in the investigated area from July to October, but it migrates to deeper water in the colder months. The highest numbers of individuals were observed in September. The spawning season of the sand goby in the Gulf of Gdańsk is from April to August. It is so long because this species is batch spawner. The study confirmed a dependence between the HSI and GSI indexes as well as the dependence between relative fecundity and fish length.
EN
In the Polish costal zone of the Baltic Sea two similar looking gobies – sand goby and common goby occur. In quantitative investigation both species are often taken as an one, because of difficulties in distinguish them. There are a few methods to differentiate sand goby and common goby - body pigmentation, shape of head and pigmentation of a spleen (Ławacz 1965). During the investigation it was proofed that compared species differ from each other also in biological characteristic. In the Gulf of Gdańsk spawning-season starts for sand goby in March and ends in September, for common goby it lasts from March to August. They have different sex ratio, but they have similar range of a HSI and GSI coefficients. Those differences and similarities are important for future investigations because they show that sand goby and common goby should be separated in studies
EN
The cycle of gonad development and related changes in the length structure and spatial-temporal distribution of ninespine sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius L.) in Puck Bay were studied. Observations were carried out in the shallow shore zones, as well as in the deeper epipelagic zone of the Bay. Ninespine sticklebacks reproduce in the brackish environment of Puck Bay, breeding in its warmer, inshore zones. Reproduction takes place in the spring and summer months, from April to July. One female spawns several clutches of eggs during one breeding season. The average length of ninespine sticklebacks in Puck Bay was about 40 mm, and the sex ratio in the population was close to 1:1. However, both length structure and sex ratio were subject to local and periodic variations, resulting from possible breeding-related territorial divisions. Higher gonadosomatic indices in females in early spring represented the transition of fish to the advanced vitelligenous phase. The lowest GSI of males during the breeding season indicated the termination of spermatogenesis. The completion of spawning in August started a new process of gonad restoration to prepare the fish for the next breeding season.
EN
The aim of this work was to develop methods of artificial European catfish reproduction outside of its natural spawning season using thermal and hormonal stimulation. Ovulation was induced with combined hormonal stimulation using a priming dose of Ovopel (0.3 granules in one dose or 0.2 and 0.3 granules in two doses per kg of female body weight) and a resolving dose of carp pituitary extract (CPE) (3 mg per kg of female body weight). The latency period between the doses was 24 hours. The males were stimulated with one dose of Ovopel (1 granule per kg of body weight). The results obtained indicated that the application of the appropriate thermal and hormonal stimulation, without light stimulation, can induce artificial spawning in the European catfish between January and August. It was revealed that the time between the injection of the resolving dose and egg collection decreased over this period. Thus, ovulation could be stimulated faster than in winter and spring. The number of eggs obtained in pre-season spawning was greater when the thermal treatment was longer. The results obtained indicate that the application of Ovopel in two stimulation doses instead of one was advantageous for the effectiveness of European catfish pre-season spawning, the number of eggs obtained as well as its survival. The results obtained during artificial European catfish reproduction conducted before, during, and after its natural spawning period were comparable.
PL
Celem tej pracy było opracowanie metod rozrodu suma europejskiego poza jego naturalnym sezonem tarlowym z wykorzystaniem stymulacji termicznej i hormonalnej (rys. 1, tab. 1). Do wywołania owulacji zastosowano kombinowaną stymulację hormonalną - Ovopelu w iniekcji pobudzającej dojrzewanie oocytów (w jednej dawce 0,3 granulki lub w dwóch dawkach 0,2 i 0,3 granulki na kg masy ciała samic) i ekstraktu przysadki mózgowej karpia CPE w iniekcji wyzwalającej (3 mg na kg masy dala samic). Odstęp między iniekcjami wynosił 24 h. Samce stymulowano jedną dawką Ovopelu (1 granulka na kg masy ciała). Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że przez odpowiednią stymulację termiczną i hormonalną, bez stosowania stymulacji świetlnej, można przeprowadzić sztuczny rozród suma europejskiego, w okresie od stycznia do sierpnia (tab. 2, rys. 2). W powyższym okresie stwierdzono, że czas od iniekcji uwalniającej do pobrania ikry ulegał skróceniu, czyli latem szybciej można było doprowadzić do owulacji niż zimą i wiosną. Natomiast ilość pozyskanej ikry w przedsezonowym rozrodzie była większa, gdy okres stymulacji termicznej był dłuższy. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że zastosowanie Ovopelu w dwóch, zamiast jednej, dawkach pobudzających wpływa korzystnie na efektywność rozrodu przedsezonowego suma wyrażoną liczbą owulujących samic i ilością pozyskiwanej ikry oraz jej przeżywalnością.
EN
The Danube ruffe, Gymnocephalus baloni Holčík et Hensel, 1974, is a little-known species from the middle and lower Danube River. The relevant information on its habitat, maturity, fecundity, spawning season, maximum size and age, as well as its growth and length–weight relation are provided herewith from the Desna River, Ukraine. The estimation of fecundity ranged from 5072 to 15 730 eggs within the length range of 8.6 to 10.4 cm SL and the gonado-somatic index was 0.12–0.14 respectively. The length–weight relation was determined as W = 0.0345SL2.83
EN
The study, carried out during the spawning season, involved 30 mature carp females aged 5 years. The fish were divided into two experimental groups, those belonging to one of them being injected pimozide, a dopamine antagonist. The pituitaries and pineals were removed from all the females and perifused. Perifusion was carried out in pure medium alone, in the medium in the presence of the pineal gland, and in the medium enriched with dissolved melatonin. The perifusion proceeded in 2000 lux intensity light and in total darkness. Maturation gonadotropin (GtH2) concentration in the perifusion medium pumped through columns was determined with ELISA, an immunoenzymatic technique. The experimental treatments within each group showed no significant differences (p>0.01) with respect to the GtH2 concentrations in the perifusion medium. This result can be regarded as an evidence of a lack of any direct effect of the pineal gland and/or melatonin on GtH2 secretion from the carp pituitary during spawning.
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