Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The spatial distribution of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) over the Kielce Upland in one day and multi-day intervals

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Suligowski R.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2013

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tom 01

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nr 1

EN

This paper presents an attempt to estimate the value of Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) over the Kielce Upland for one-day and multi-day intervals. Statistical methods were employed in the calculations. Precipitation data were obtained from 23 gauging stations. A regional frequency factor km (from Hershfield’s formula) was calculated for each station based on a series of maximum annual precipitation totals from 1961 to 2006. The calculated PMP values range from 120.7 mm to 228.4 mm (within the 1-day precipitation group), from 140.7 mm to 266.3 mm (2-day group), from 158.9 mm to 294.1 mm (3-day group), and from 175.2 mm to 294.8 mm (4-day group). These values became reference values used to show the spatial distribution of PMP throughout the Kielce Upland region.

2

Recrutation and settlement of young flounder (Platichthys flesus) in the western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk (Baltic)

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Sapota M. R. , Kamińska U.

Oceanological Studies

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1998

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tom Vol. 27, No. 3

31-42

EN

On a basis of whole year monthly sampling, the abundance of the flounder in inshore shallow waters of the western part of the Gulf of Gdansk was established. Flounders were observed almost all year. Only in winter, when sea ice forming proc-esses occurred, they disappeared from the investigated zone. The highest abundance of the flounder was noticed in Hel vicinity. No flounders were observed in inshore waters of the Puck Lagoon. Young flounders occurred in the highest number in July (average for all investigated area amounted to 2.81 individuals 100/ m^2). In that month, this-year-born flounders settle in the inshore shallow water zone. The highest biomass was noticed in August (average 4.98 g/100 m^2) when older bigger flounders more frequently inhabited inshore zone. Body proportions of young flounders during their growth in inshore shallow waters of the Gulf of Gdansk are stable. All measured distances were increasing linearly with the growth of flounder length.

3

Preliminary results of spatial distribution of uranium and thorium in soil profi les near a uranium industrial site, Guangdong province, China

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Wang J. , Liu J. , Chen Y. , Song G. , Chen D. , Xiao T. , Li H. , Wang C. , Jiang F.

Nukleonika

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2016

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tom Vol. 61, No. 3

367--371

EN

Four soil profiles were collected from locations with different distances (5, 50, 250 and 1000 m) from a uranium mill tailings dam, Guangdong province, China, to investigate the pollution status of the soil in mining/ milling-related areas based on the contents of uranium (U) and thorium (Th), thus to understand the impacts of uranium industrial activities to the surroundings. The U and Th concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after conventional HF-HNO3-HClO4 digestion procedures. The results indicate that the soils within 50 m from uranium tailing were severely contaminated; those in 250 and 1000 m soil samples were observed to be with local background level even though these in 250 m had slightly higher U/Th ratios. Uranium concentrations varied from 5.50 ± 0.27 to 160.55 ± 8.03 mg/kg, with maximum values recorded in an intermediate layer of the 5-m distance soil profile. In comparison, the concentration of Th ranged from 6.02 ± 0.30 to 84.71 ± 4.24 mg/kg, with maximum values observed in the top layer of the 1000-m distance soil profile. The U/Th ratio varied from 0.15 to 11.99 compared with 0.20, 0.22 and 0.26 of the average for Guangdong province, national China and the world, respectively. The mean U/Th of four soil profiles showed a reduction with distance from the uranium mill tailing dam, suggesting the relatively large magnitude of uranium elevation in soils within limited distances.

4

Density, biomass, and distribution of benthic invertebrates in the mid-lake zone of the coastal Lake Gardno

100%

Dobrowolski Z.

Oceanological Studies

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2001

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tom Vol. 30, No. 1-2

39-58

EN

The mean density (4.2 × 103 ind. m-2) and mean biomass (10.8 g wet weight m-2) of the mid-lake zoobenthos in the mixo-oligohaline Lake Gardno were consistent with the respective ranges typical of freshwater, polymictic, and strongly poly-trophic lakes of northern Poland. The major components of the Lake Gardno macrozoobenthos were tubificid oligochaetes and chironomid larvae, the latter dominating in terms of abundance and biomass. Neomysis integer (Leach) was the sole and numerically scant marine invertebrate in the Gardno mid-lake macro-zoobenthos. Biodiversity, taxonomic composition, dominance structure as well as densities and biomass of the macrozoobenthos studied showed considerable spatial variation. The lake-river contact zone exhibited the presence of the ecotone effect. Dynamics of the abundance and biomass of the benthic invertebrates inhabiting that zone were markedly different from those found in other mid-lake habitats of the Gardno.

5

Analysis of changes in the technical means of production resources on agricultural farms in the Śląskie voivodship

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Sikora J. , Krakowiak-Bal A.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2016

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tom nr III/1

659--672

EN

The aim of the studies was determining the spatial distribution of premises and the technical means of production resources on farms in the years 1996, 2002 and 2010. The database has been developed for 36 counties of the Śląskie voivodship. The spatial database developed for the analysed voivodships assumed a county as the smallest indivisible unit of the geographical space. The data describing the technical means of production on farms were obtained from inquiries conducted by the European Statistical Office. Diagnostic variables describing the technical equipment on farms included: self-propelled machinery, tractors and usable areas. The analysis of spatial distribution was conducted for the assumed period of time and spatial changes were determined. On the basis of the analysed diagnostic variables the synthetic indicator was determined, which described the multivariate phenomenon by means of one variable. The analysis show that in 1996 agricultural farms were better equipped on the level of the measure of development 0.306 than in 2002, when the measure of development was lower by 0.100.

6

Characteristics of Spatial Distribution of Phosphorus and Nitrogen in the Bottom Sediments of the Water Reservoir Poraj

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Rozpondek K. , Rozpondek R. , Pachura P.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2017

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tom Vol. 18, nr 4

178--184

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the content of phosphorus and nitrogen in the bottom sediments of the Poraj Reservoir located on the Warta River, along with defining their spatial distribution and the relationship between these elements and organic matter, aluminum and iron. Samples of bottom sediments were collected on the basis of regular measurement grid of 46 points located in the area of the water reservoir Poraj. The collected samples were analyzed in terms of content of following elements, which values are in range: total phosphorus (TP) 0.06 – 5.06 g/kg, total nitrogen (TN) 0.17 – 9.66 g/kg, organic matter (OM) 0.49 – 28.41% of solid content, aluminum (Al) 2.44 – 145.15 g/kg and iron (Fe) 0.28 – 16.50 g/kg. By using of GIS system, spatial distribution of obtained results of laboratory analyzes were interpolated (Inverse Distance Weighted method was used). On basis of spatial distribution it was noted that in northern part of water reservoir bottom sediments have greater values of TP, TN and OM than in southern part. The study also included calculation of correlation between: OM and TN (n=46, R2 = 0.9335), TN and Fe (n=46, R2 = 0.8782), TN and Al (n=46, R2 = 0.8629), OM and Fe (n=46, R2 = 0.8243), OM and Al (n=46, R2 = 0.7981), TP and Fe (n=46, R2 = 0.7456), TP and Al (n=46, R2 = 0.6209). The presented pilot studies show that the potential content of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter in the sediments of the water reservoir Poraj can reach a significant level. The need to plan and carry out further research allowing the evaluation of the properties of the analyzed elements and examining their potential impact on water quality in the tested water reservoir was stated.

7

Mexico Distribution of COVID-19 in Mexico and obesity comorbidities

100%

Juárez M. V. S.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica

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2022

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tom 18

95-110

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, began in China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In Mexico, the first cases were registered in February 2020. On December 31st, 2021, three epidemic waves or peaks were registered, when some cases and deaths had a differentiated space-time behavior in the national territory, in which comorbidities, as one of the socio-spatial conditioning factors, also had an influence. The objective of this work is to analyze morbidity and mortality due to SARS-CoV-2, caused by the COVID-19 disease, with obesity comorbidities: high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, accumulated from the years 2020 and 2021. Methodology. For this research, a literature review was carried out on the role of comorbidities in deaths from COVID-19. The universe of study is Mexico. The spatial disaggregation scale is atthe level ofthe federal entity or state-owned, with 32 spots. The sources of information are the Daily Technical Communications of the COVID-19 from the Government of Mexico; the Ministry of Health; the General Directorate of Epidemiology (DGE); information from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEG), as well as information from the Geosalud México site. The analysis methods are the implementation of a geographic database, at the state-owned level, from which tables, maps and the generation of indicators (absolute values, percentages and ratio) were prepared, as well as thematic cartography using GIS software.

8

The variability of spatial distribution and density of fish in the Klimkówka dam reservoir

100%

Świerzowski A.

Hydroacoustics

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2003

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tom Vol. 6

69--78

EN

The Klimkówka Dam Reservoir is situated on the Ropa River in southern Poland. The surface area of the reservoir is about 306 ha and its capacity is 43.5 hm3. Acoustic surveys were conducted both in the daytime and at night using a SIMRAD EY-500 split beam 120kHz echo sounder. Maps of the spatial distribution and density of fish were drawn up, and the fish species structure, size, number and biomass were estimated based on acoustic surveys and supervised net catches. The highest fish density at night occurred in the river tributary zones (836 fish/ha). In this area at night fish density was twice as high as in the central region of the reservoir. The density figure for the whole reservoir was 638 fish/ha and was 1.4 limes higher than that in the Solina Reservoir and from ten- to twenty-fold lower than in several other studied lakes. Fish catches performed with pelagic trawIs and net sets revealed the presence of nine fish species. Lake and river trout species which had been introduced to the reservoir were not noted. The fish biomass was estimated to be 11.5 tons, or 44.4 kg/ha, and was from three to 14 times lower in comparison to the estimated figure in several other lakes.

9

Effect of touristic activities on seabirds’ habitat selection on sandy beaches

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Costa L. , Rangel D. F. , Zalmon I.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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tom Vol. 52, No. 3

287--298

EN

Seabirds are biological models for habitat selection studies at different spatial scales. In general, seabirds select areas with a higher availability of prey, but human disturbances can modify their spatial and temporal foraging patterns in urban coastal ecosystems. Here we tested the hypothesis that human activities prevent seabirds foraging on beach sectors that are impacted by urbanization and recreational activities. Seabirds were counted while foraging at the interface between the surf zone and foreshore in three sectors with different levels of urbanization in southeastern Brazil. Physical variables, prey abundance, and human stressors, such as the number of people and dogs, were also measured. The brown booby Sula leucogaster foraged mainlyin the least impacted sector, despite the lower abundance of prey and harsher physical conditions. The number of individuals of this species was negatively related to the number of people, indicating a human-induced avoidance behaviour. In turn, the kelp gull Larus dominicanus, asynatropic species, was more abundant in the high impact sector. Our results have implications for the management and conservation of sandy beaches, especially regarding the zoning and selection of priority areas for environmental protection and nature-based ecotourism activities.

10

Assessing Spatial Distributions of Total Trace Elements Content in Bottom Sediments of Dzierżno Duże Water Reservoir – Geostatistics-Based Studies

100%

Rozpondek R. , Rozpondek K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2018

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tom Vol. 19, nr 3

52--60

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the spatial distributions of total trace elements content in the bottom sediments of Dzierżno Duże water reservoir, along with the comparison of the accuracy and characteristics of Kriging and IDW interpolations. On the basis of regular measurement grid consisting of 53 points, bottom sediments samples were collected. Mean values of total trace elements content in bottom sediments of Dzierżno Duże were as follows: Zn – 410 mg/kg, Pb – 57 mg/kg, Cr – 36 mg/kg, Cu – 40 mg/kg, Cd – 5 mg/kg, Ni – 16 mg/kg and Ba – 267 mg/kg. According to the geochemical quality classification, the concentrations of Cd in 32% of samples were assigned to class IV (heavily contaminated), 45% to class III (contaminated), Zn in 42% samples to class III with 1 sample in class IV and 26% to class II (slightly contaminated), Pb in 9% to class III and 58% to class II, Cu in 4% to class III and 68% to class II, Cr in 17% to class II, Ni in 55% to class II, Ba in 8% to class III and 61% in class II. Coefficient of determination was determined between each case of trace elements content. The highest correlation (R2 in range from 0.81 to 0.96) was observed between Zn and Pb, Zn and Cu, Zn and Cr, Zn and Ni, Pb and Cu, Pb and Cr, Cu and Cr, Cr and Ni. Significant correlation (R2 in range from 0.70 to 0.80) occurred between: Zn and Cd, Pb and Ni, Cu and Ni, Cd and Ni. The lowest correlations (R2 in range from 0.25 to 0.70) were observed between concentration of Ba and the rest of trace elements. Two different interpolation methods were chosen for the purpose of generating spatial distributions – Inverse Distance Weighted and Ordinary Kriging. These methods were chosen for purpose of obtaining optimal accuracy result of spatial distributions. The distributions of trace elements content were classified by means of geochemical criteria. In the case of accuracy comparison between IDW and Ordinary Kriging, the former had slightly better results in terms of mean value and root mean square. The generated spatial distributions allowed to determine the most contaminated areas, which were mainly northern-central and southern-central parts of water Dzierżno Duże reservoir.

11

Origin and spatial distribution of roadside vegetation within the forest and agricultural areas in Szczecin Lowland (West Poland)

88%

Wróbel M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2006

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tom Vol. 54, nr 1

137-144

EN

The paper presents research results of roadside vegetation which were carried out along public roads with hardened surface within the forest and agricultural areas in Szczecin Lowland (West Poland). Mosaic of habitat conditions observed along roadsides was suitable for development over 39 syntaxa from 10 classes of vegetation. The significant diversity of roadside vegetation of anthropogenic origin was found in agricultural regions, whereas within the forest areas mostly autogenic roadside vegetation were observed. Spatial distribution of roadside plant associations was related to the zonal structure of roadside profile. Anthropogenic associations were connected with narrow stripes adjoining to the roads but autogenic ones preferred roadside ditches and slopes. Majority of plant associations, regardless of the way of land use, found suitable habitat conditions in the roadside ditches.

12

Spatial distribution of chlorococcalean genera in the phytoseston of the Wełna and Nielba rivers

88%

Messyasz B.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2003

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tom Vol. 32, No. 2

33-43

EN

The chlorococcalean flora from two crossed rivers during the summer period (from July to September 2001 and 2002) was examined. Phytoseston communities were collected from the Wełna and Nielba rivers before and behind the cross-rivers as well as from the central place of the cross-rivers. Species belonging to 6 dominant genera: Scenedesmus, Pediastrum, Monoraphidium, Ankistrodesmus, Coelastrum and Tetraedron were found in both rivers. At most of the stations located along the Wełna and Nielba rivers after their crossing a trend of increasing green algae species richness together with an increase in the total species number of cells was observed. Furthermore, it was found that the Wełna river takes over some of the Nielba phytoseston species.

13

Large scale industrial enterprises in Turkish industry: their structures, characteristics and spatial distribution

88%

Temurçin K.

Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego

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2015

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tom 29

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nr 1

89-112

EN

Industrialization is a process which is based on precise and quantitative measurements and contains different basic changes in the economic structure of a country or region. The structural characteristics and spatial distribution of the industrial enterprises established during the industrialization process which is one of the most important elements of the socio-economic transformation in Turkey within a historical process has been the object of this study. The aim of the study was to establish the positions and significance of one thousand (1000) large industrial companies in the industry of Turkey by using the framework of criteria based on sales from production which have been maintained by the Istanbul Chamber of Industry on a regular basis. The workplace and number of employees of the companies on a province basis, sector based division, realized exports and sales from product output, corporate entities, structures, spatial distribution and other characteristics were taken into consideration in the study. Although the thousand large scale companies in Turkey based on production output sales comprised only0.40% of the enterprises active in the industrial sector in 2012, they comprised 12% of the labor force,59.6% of product output sales and 65.2% of all exports. On a regional basis, 54% of these companies are located in the Marmara region, 13.2% are located in Central Anatolia and 12.4% are located in the Aegean region; on a province basis, 63.4% are located in Istanbul, Izmir, Bursa, Kocaeli and Ankara. A sector based division of the companies shows that 21.4% are involved in food, beverage and tobacco processing, 19.6% are involved in the industry of metal goods, machinery, automotive industry, electrical tools and equipment and 16.1% deal with textiles, ready-to-wear, leather and the manufacturing of shoes. In terms of labor force numbers, the figures vary as 18.9%, 27.4% and 17.9% respectively.

14

Spatial distribution of beach macro-litter in Ternate Island, North Maluku – Indonesia

88%

Lessy M. R. , Nagu N.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2020

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tom 31

15

DIFFERENCES IN THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN BEGGARS: THE CASE OF THE SANGLAH DISTRICT IN DENPASAR (INDONESIA)

88%

Shara A. R. I. D. , Listyaningsih U. , Giyarsih S. R.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2020

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tom 39

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nr 4

EN

The study set out to analyse the differences in the characteristics and spatial distribution of urban beggars in Sanglah, Denpasar City. It employed survey research for data collection by observation, structured interviews with a questionnaire, and documentation. These data were later processed and analysed in a quantitative descriptive manner. The results show that, based on religion, there were two groups of beggars, namely Muslim and Hindu. Spatially, the Hindu beggars disregarded the religion of the people they implored, whereas the Muslim beggars would only target the houses and shops owned by Muslims. Those two class of beggars differ in languages, bagging duration, daily-earning, clothing, and sympathy-drawing strategy during the panhandling

16

Spatial distribution of zooplankton in a cascade system of Pomeranian dam reservoirs (Hajka, Rosnowo), northern Poland

88%

Pociecha A. , Heese T.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2007

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tom Vol. 36, No.3

39-51

EN

The structure of the zooplankton community and its spatial distribution were examined in two stratified rheolimnic Pomeranian reservoirs, Rosnowski (7 sampling sites) and Hajka (4 sampling sites), in July 1999. These reservoirs are part of the cascade system situated on the Radew River in northern Poland. In the Rosnowski reservoir 34 species of zooplankton were identified and in Hajka, 32. The two dominant species of rotifers in both reservoirs were Keratella cochlearis f. tecta and Polyarthra vulgaris. The dominant copepod and cladoceran species in both reservoirs were Mesocyclops leuckarti and Daphnia cucullata, respectively. Along the longitudinal axis of both reservoirs, rotifers were the dominant group at all sampling sites, except for the hypolimnion layer in both reservoirs and the metalimnion layer in Hajka reservoir at site HI. This initial study was undertaken in order to determine the spatial distribution of rotifer, copepod and cladoceran communities in riverine reservoirs built in the cascade system.

17

Seasonal characteristics of nutrient and nutrient structure in the Yangtze River estuary

88%

Li L. , Xv G. , Zheng Y. , Jiang M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2023

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tom Vol. 49, no 3

115--122

EN

This data article aimed to evaluate the influencing mechanisms of the nutrients and the level of eutrophication in the Yangtze River estuary. The seasonal characteristics of nutrients (dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), SiO3-2–Si, and PO43-P) in the seawater of the Yangtze River estuary were analyzed by conducting surveys in spring and summer of 2019. The findings revealed that the concentrations of all nutrient at the surface and bottom layers were lower in spring compared to summer. NO3–N was typically the major form of DIN. Runoff was identified as the primary source of DIN and SiO32−–Si, while PO43−–P originated from a various sources. The SiO32−–Si, while PO43−–P values in the surface and bottom layers during the spring and summer were higher than the Redfield values, indicating an imbalanced nutrient distribution. Furthermore, discrepancies were observed in the distributions of DIN/PO43−–P, SiO32−–Si/DIN, and SiO32−–Si/PO43−–P in the Yangtze River estuary. Through an examination of the ratio of DIN/PO43−–P absorbed by phytoplankton, PO43−–P was identified as a potential limiting factor for nutrition in the sea area of the Yangtze River estuary during spring and summer. The Eutrophication Index (E) values for both spring and summer were found to be higher than the eutrophication threshold, indicating severe eutrophication in the studied sea area.

18

Air pollution mapping with nitrogen and sulfur dioxides in the south-eastern part of Ukraine using satellite data

88%

Stankevich S. , Titarenko O. , Svideniuk M. , Kharytonov M. , Benselhoub A. , Khlopova V.

Mining Science

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2016

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tom Vol. 23

21--31

EN

Atmospheric pollution in Ukraine has become a significant environmental problem, especially in the eastern part where heavy industries are located, and it is particularly severe in industrial centers such as; Zaporizhia, Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovs’k and Dniprodzerzhyns’k. The main emission sources are ferrous metallurgical plants and the coal industry. The purpose of this project is to estimate the degree of pollution from dioxides of nitrogen and sulfur in the south-eastern part of Ukraine using satellite data. An assessment of atmospheric pollution by NO2 is carried out using the data from satellite spectrometer EOS/OMI, and information products Level 3 from Goddard Earth Sciences Data, (GES DISC) NASA for 2009-2014. According to the results study, the largest area of propagation of SO2 aerosol was observed in the industrial agglomerations of Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovs’k and Vilnohirs’k.However, a somewhat smaller content of NO2 in the air recorded near the town of Kryvyi Rih and the cities of Vilnohirs’k and Zaporizhia.The results obtained from this research will aid the creation of awareness among Ukraine’s policy makers about the need for air pollution abatement, and also serve as a stepping stone towards addressing the negative impacts of acid rains.

19

Bank voles and yellow-necked mice : what are interrelations between them?

88%

Grüm L. , Bujalska G.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2000

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tom Vol. 48, Suppl.

141-145

EN

Literature survey has revealed similarity of ecological niches of bank voles and yellow-necked mice. Behavioral observations that show subordination of bank voles to yellov-necked mice suggest that the latter is a superior competitor. Nevertheless, neither spatial nor time separation of those species can be evidenced. Competition between these species seems to be occasional (or rare). Perhaps, their microhabitat niches are sufficiently separated to allow coexistence.

20

The influence of hydraulic loading on biofilm properties in a subsurface wastewater infiltration system

88%

Zhang L. , Yang J.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2016

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tom Vol. 42, no. 4

70--79

EN

In this study, a pilot-scale subsurface wastewater infiltration system (SWIS) was deployed to study landscape water treatment. The goal of the study was to investigate the effects of hydraulic loading on pollutant removal and the spatial distribution of biofilm properties in SWIS. Results showed that the efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal degraded as hydraulic loading increased. Furthermore, quantities of the biofilm properties parameter s increased with the hydraulic loading. Polysaccharide and protein levels ranged from 560 to 1110 μg/g filler and 60 to 190 μg/g filler, respectively, at a hydraulic loading of 0.2 m/d. At a hydraulic loading of 0.4 m/d, the quantities of polysaccharide and protein ranged from 1200 to 3300 μg/g filler and 80 to 290 μg/g filler, respectively. Biofilm intensity and biofilm activity per unit weight decreased with the increase in hydraulic loading.