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  1. 10 Polish Journal of Ecology
  2. 9 Acta Agrophysica
  3. 7 International Agrophysics
  4. 5 Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
  5. 3 Acta Agrophysica. Rozprawy i Monografie
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  1. 1 2023
  2. 2 2022
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  4. 2 2019
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  1. 4 Lutomirska B.
  2. 4 Miętus M.
  3. 4 Rojek M.
  4. 3 Kajewska J.
  5. 2 Borowik A.
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1
Content available remote A distributed soil temperature measurement system with high spatial resolution based on BOTDR
100%
Gao L. , Shi B. , Zhu Y. , Wang K. , Sun Y. , Tang C.
Optica Applicata
|
2011
|
tom Vol. 41, nr 3
607--616
EN
This paper presents a new, recently developed, distributed soil temperature measurement sensor system, with high spatial resolution, based on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR). The process of developing the distributed soil temperature sensor is introduced in detail, including the principle, materials, installation, instrumentation and calibration. The new distributed soil temperature sensor improves the spatial resolution from 100 cm to 3.3 cm, and has some other unique advantages, including long distance measurement capability, a longer life cycle, galvanic isolation, EMI immunity, good stability and ease of integration. Finally, an in situ comparison test was carried out, where results from the new sensor were compared to data measured using a standard point-mode system. This test proves that the newly developed distributed sensor is both accurate and has the capability to measure continuously the distribution of the soil temperature along the whole borehole depth, indicating that this new measure technique has a wide and powerful application potential.
2
Content available Numerical Analysis of the Impact of the Cooling Cycle Length in Vegetable Cold Stores on the Heat Exchange with Soil
100%
Sokołowski P. , Nawalany G.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
|
2019
|
tom Vol. 20, nr 9
162--170
EN
The paper includes an analysis of the impact of the cooling cycle length in vegetable cold stores on the heat exchange with soil. The scope involves the analysis of indoor and outdoor air temperature as well as soil temperature under the cold store and in its vicinity, specification and adaptation of the cold store-soil heat exchange model, model validation by comparison of the calculation results with experimental studies, choice of calculation variants, calculations for the used variants in non-stationary conditions, and a comparative analysis of the cold store-soil heat exchange for the used variants and of the soil temperature at selected solutions. The paper used the results of the field tests conducted in a vegetable cold store located in southern Poland. The building was used to store carrots from 1 October to 30 June. Four calculation variants were used for the in-depth study of the impact of selected factors on the heat exchange between the cold store and the soil. The calculations were performed based on the elementary balances method, using WUFI®plus software. The calculation model validation was based on the field measurements of indoor and outdoor air temperature as well as soil temperature in 5 measurement lines at the depth of 0.05, 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 m. The obtained validation results showed a very good correlation between the measured and calculated data, in addition to an absence of significant differences. The calculation results for the 4 calculation variants showed significant differences in the heat exchange with soil.
3
Content available Analysis of annual temperature distribution inside the experimental embankment
100%
Bukowska-Belniak B. , Dwornik M. , Leśniak A.
Computer Science
|
2017
|
tom Vol. 18 (4)
385--397
EN
The aim of this paper is analysis of temperatures distribution inside experimental embankment from August 2015 to September 2016. Analysis was carried out in order to interpretation of the results of the flood experiments performed on the experimental embankment. The reference for year temperature changes in the embankment at various depths was obtained. A simplified model of temperature changes depending on the depth was made. The model parameters which can be used for modelling the temperatures in the embankment during the experiments were estimated.
4
Content available Temperatura gruntu w rejonie Stacji Polarnej w Hornsundzie
100%
Miętus M. , Filipiak J.
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
|
2001
|
tom nr 11
67-80
EN
The mean annual soil temperature, evaluated for the depths 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 cm is negative and varies between -4.5°C in the subsurface layer and -4.2°C in the deeper parts of the analyzed profile. The soil is frozen through almost nine months in the year. During the lasting a short period spring and autumn there is an isothermy in the soil. Greater variability occurs in the subsurface layer. The layer between 50 and 100 cm accumulates the greatest amount of the heat. During the spring and the first half of summer the upper layer accumulates more heat. The soil temperature depends significantly on the variability of the air temperature. Additionally the soil temperature is influenced also by sunshine duration and snowcover depth. The annual variability of the soil temperature can be approximated with the first harmonic. Below the depth of 185 cm, the inter-annual soil temperature oscillations do not exceed 0°C. There are positive tendencies in variability of mean soil temperature time series at all depths. At the depth of 10 cm this tendency has a character of a statistical trend. Its value is +0.126°C/year in the period 1979-1999.
5
Content available Zróżnicowanie termiki gruntu na Równinie Kaffiöyra (NW Spitsbergen) w lecie 1997 i 1998 w porównaniu z okresem 1975-98
88%
Araźny A.
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
|
2001
|
tom nr 11
81-92
EN
The paper presents the results of soil temperature measurements on the Kaffiöyra Plain from the polar summer period 1997 (Tab. 1) and 1998 (Tab. 2) compared to the period 1975-1998 (Tab. 3). The soil temperature measurements were carried out on three ecotops: on the sandy beach, on end moraine of the Aavatsmark Glacier, and on tundra (Fig. 1). The measurements were taken daily at 01, 07, 13 and 19 LMT at depths: 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cm by soil thermometers. The thermal characteristics of soils at different ecotops differ by physical characteristics, moisture, degree of vegetation cover and thickness of active layer. The paper presents the question of thermal changes in the soil with general weather conditions. The 1997 summer was very wet, strong winds domination and mean sunshine. The 1998 summer, on the contrary, was more cloudy and warmer, and the atmosphere dynamics lower with rare light rainfall (Fig. 2, Tab. 4). The comparison of summer seasons was made for the common period 21 July - 31 August. The thermal changes of the soil on the Kaffioyra Plain are best illustrated by the data from the beach because observations at this stand were made during all of the expeditions. The mean temperature at all depth was the lowest in 1982 and 1997, the highest in 1985 and 1998 (Fig. 5). In the analysed period the measurement point on the beach was the coldest stand, tundra was warmer, and the stand on the moraine the warmest (Tab. 3, Fig. 4).
6
Content available remote Zmienność temperatury gruntu w Hornsundzie w okresie 1979-1999
88%
Miętus M. , Filipiak J.
Przegląd Geofizyczny
|
2001
|
tom Z. 4
323-337
EN
In the paper the analysis of the variability of the soil temperature on the Polish polar station in Hornsund, situated in southwestern part of Spitsbergen, has been presented. The soil temperature data from the depths 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 cm cover the period 1979-1999. In the annual cycle of the soil temperature variability the 8-month period, while the soil is frozen, can be observed. Positive values of temperature in the whole-analyzed profile occur only during the 3-month-lasting period from July to September. In the cool season the highest temperatures are recorded in the deeper layer, additionally the greatest values of the standard deviation in the considered depths are met. In the warm season the temperature decreases with the depth. During the spring and autumn, when the isothermal conditions in the soil profile are observed, the reversion of the temperature profile is recorded. The most thermally active layer is the upper one - deep to 20 cm. Reaction of deeper layers to the thermal processes above the ground and in the upper layers is weaker and time-delayed. The greatest differences of temperature between the lowest layer and the upper ones are recorded during the polar night. Air temperature significantly influences the variability of the soil temperature. The relationships between the soil temperature and the other meteorological elements i.e. sunshine duration, cloudiness, persistence of snow cover and its depth are not confirmed by the high values of correlation coefficients. The annual variability of the soil temperature can be approximated with the first harmonic. Below the depth of 184 cm maximum soil temperature do not exceed 0°C. In the whole examined profile the positive long-term tendencies of the temperature are observed, but the statistically significant trend (+0.126°C/year) occurs only on depth 10 cm.
7
Content available A Low-cost Automatic System for Long-term Observations of Soil Temperature
88%
Zaszewski D. , Gruszczyński T.
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
|
2023
|
tom Vol. 17, no. 1
75--101
EN
The description of the physical parameters characterizing heat transport in the soil medium, especially on a regional scale, requires long-term and high frequency observations of temperature changes in soil profiles. This paper presents a project for a multi-channel, modular and universal data logger for temperature distribution data collecting in the soil profile, based on open electronic components, such as Arduino microcontroller systems and DS18B20 thermometers. The data logger tests were carried out in two profiles. The seven-month tests did not show any errors in the functioning of the measurement set. The presented device requires an average current of 320 µA, which allows for its stable operation on one battery set for about 300 days in temperate climate conditions. The DS18B20 thermometers allow for accurate and stable temperature measurement (the mean absolute error after laboratory calibration was 0.02°C). The cost of a single measurement-registration device was approximately 76 EUR, representing a competitive price in comparison with commercial data loggers. This allows, with relatively low expenditure, the creation of extensive observation networks for the analysis of the heat flow process in high temporal and spatial resolution.
8
Content available Soil temperature regime of an Entisol in Thessaloniki, Greece
88%
Goutsidou J. , Makrogiannis T. , Panayiotopoulos K.
International Agrophysics
|
1992
|
tom 06
|
nr 1-2
9
Content available remote Przebiegi zmienności temperatur w podłożu szklarni
75%
Grabarczyk S.
|
2008
|
tom z. 47 [252]
139-144
PL
We współczesnych obiektach szklarniowych, wyposażonych w dodatkowe osłony energooszczędne, zmienia się znaczenie poszczególnych strumieni cieplnych w ogólnym bilansie. Większego znaczenia nabiera strumień cieplny w podłożu szklarni, zwłaszcza ze względu na to, że stanowi ono właściwie jedyny element obiektu szklarniowego, w którym może występować akumulacja ciepła. Przedstawiono wstępne wyniki pomiarów mających na celu ustalenie rozkładu temperatury w podłożu całorocznie ogrzewanego obiektu szklarniowego.
EN
Modern greenhouse structures are equipped with movable thermal screens with shadow and energy-saving properties, which change a thermal profile of a structure. It demand special attention to heat transfer in soil, which part in general balance will grow up. This paper presents the result investigation of temperature distribution in subsoil of greenhouse with thermal screens.
10
Content available The efficiency of waste hot water utilisation to improve the temperature conditions for growing plants
75%
Turcheniuk V. , Rokochinskiy A. , Kuzmych L. , Volk P. , Koptyuk R. , Romanyuk I. , Voropay G.
Journal of Water and Land Development
|
2022
|
tom no. 54
94--100
EN
One of the rational ways of energy saving is to use the heat of wastewater from energy companies for open ground heating and cultivation crops. The most significant sources of heat are thermal and nuclear power plants that produce low-thermal waters of 28-35°C. Heating of the ground with the use of circulating warm water allows to increase temperature at all points of the soil profile. The maximum thermal effect from heating ground is observed at the depth of pipe heaters (7.3- 11.1°C). Ground heating allows to extend the growing season for crops by 3-4 weeks, which can expedite harvesting and thus maximise the harvest. In natural moisture conditions, ground heating does not lead to significant reduction of moisture reserves in the active layer throughout the growing period. There is a redistribution of moisture in a soil profile. It decreases in the zone of pipe heaters and redistributes toward the top. The formation of the nutrient regime changes, the content of mobile phosphorus and potassium, and nitrate nitrogen increases, whereas the content of ammonia nitrogen is reduced. Ground heating is a new special heat reclamation technique. It allows not only to control temperature of the agricultural crop environment, but also to dissipate heat in the ground, and promote the utilisation of waste heat and the stabilisation of the environment.
11
How soil temperature regimes change as the climate warms – short communication
75%
Karvonen J.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development
|
2020
|
tom 23
|
nr 1
12
Content available A Technological System for Using Waste Warm Water from Energy Facilities for Effective Agriculture
75%
Turcheniuk V. , Rokochinskiy A. , Kuzmych L. , Volk P. , Koptyuk R.
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
|
2022
|
tom Vol. 69, nr 1
13--25
EN
The waste warm waters from power plants, owing to their temperature regime (25–38°C) and the volumes of discharge, allow for their use for heating of open ground areas in agriculture. Underground heating by such water is a new, special heat and irrigation method which enables not only purposeful regulation of temperature conditions of the crop growing environment, but also dissipates heat in the soil, thus cooling the water for its reuse. This makes it possible to reduce the thermal pollution of water sources.
13
Content available Wpływ pokrywy śnieżnej na termikę i grubość warstwy czynnej zmarzliny w obszarze tundrowym rejonu Polskiej Stacji Polarnej (SW Spitsbergen)
75%
Dolnicki P.
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
|
2002
|
tom nr 12
107-116
EN
This dissertation depicts the results of a research carried out from 02.09.2000 to 02.09.2001on the thermic and thickness of permafrost active layer in the area/region of Hornsund fiord on South Spitsbergen. The full collection of data gathered during the whole year of carrying outthe research allows to observe the freezing, melting and the dynamics of the process during that period of time. It was shown that there is a great connection between the temperature of the vertical profile of the active layer and the snow cover especially between thick snowdrifts behind terrain obstacles where the snow cover lies longer, even until the second decade of July. It was noticed that the defrosted ground there reaches 85 cm, whereas in the areas where the snow cover melts faster the depth of the defrosted ground reaches 140-145 cm. On the basis of the research it was shown that the influence of the snow cover on the development and thermal phenomena of the active layer is much greater than it was known before. The characteristic structure of major wind directions and the shape of area raised marine terrace, nearby the Polish Polar Station cause the formation of snowdrifts in the same places every year. It leads to a special differentiation of the freezing process of the ground. On the basis of the photographs and the teledetective data there was drawn a map of the snowdrifts arrangement for the area being under research. The thickness of the active layer under snowdrifts is smaller. Moreover, the presented results also suggest that the potential increase in snowfall, resulting in thicker layer of the snow cover , may cause changes in the development and special differentiation of the active layer in the area of longlasting permafrost.
14
Yield of early potatoes as depended on the term of nonwoven textile removement
75%
Dvorak P. , Hamouz K.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2008
|
tom 530
EN
In the two-year field trials the effect of row covering of early potatoes were investigated on the total tuber yield and the yield of ware potatoes. Experiments were performed with cv. Adora at the Přerov on Labem locality in the Czech Republic. Row covering with textile positively influenced the yield of ware potatoes during harvest 67 days after planting (in the variant with the textile removed on 25th day after planting it was 20.1% higher as compared to the variant when the textile was removed on 45th day after planting).
PL
W dwuletnich badaniach 2006-2007 analizowano wpływ przykrycia ziemniaków agrowłókniną tekstylną na plon bulw ogółem i plon frakcji bulw handlowych. Badania przeprowadzono w Republice Czeskiej, w Přerov nad Łabą dla wczesnej odmiany Adora. Przykrycie roślin miało dodatni wpływ na plon bulw konsumpcyjnych zbieranych po 67 dniach od wysadzenia. Ziemniaki okryte agrowłókniną przez 25 dni od posadzenia wytworzyły plon frakcji bulw handlowych o 20% wyższy niż rośliny pozostające pod przykryciem przez 45 dni.
15
The soil drying along the increase of warming masks the relation between temperature and soil respiration in an Alpine meadow of Northern Tibet
75%
Shen Z.-X. , Wang J.-W. , Sun W. , Li S.-W. , Fu G. , Zhang X.-Z. , Zhang Y.-J. , Yu C.-Q. , Shi P.-L. , He Y.-T.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2016
|
tom 64
|
nr 1
EN
A warming experiment with two magnitudes was performed in an alpine meadow of Northern Tibet since late June, 2013. Open top chambers (OTCs) with two top diameters (0.60 m and 1.00 m) were used to increase soil temperature. Soil respiration (Rs) was measured during the growing season in 2013–2014. The OTCs with top diameters of 1.00 m and 0.60 m increased soil temperature by 1.30 and 3.10oC, respectively, during the whole study period, but decreased soil moisture by 0.02 and 0.05 m³ m⁻³, respectively. However, the two patters of OTCs did not affect Rs. These results implied that a higher warming did not result in a higher Rs but a greater soil drying. Therefore, a higher warming may not cause a higher soil respiration, which was most likely due to the fact that a higher warming may result in a greater soil drying.
16
Content available remote Temperatura gruntu jako czynnik wpływający na straty ciepła miejskiego systemu ciepłowniczego
75%
Bartnicki G. , Wiśniewska H.
Instal
|
2015
|
tom nr 6
4--9
PL
W uproszczonych obliczeniach strat ciepła sieci ciepłowniczych ułożonych w gruncie przyjmowana jest przybliżona wartość temperatury gruntu (8°C). Artykuł opisuje rezultaty badań wpływu wartości temperatury gruntu na wynik obliczeń strat ciepła sieci ciepłowniczej. Analizę przeprowadzono dla miejskiego systemu ciepłowniczego średniej wielkości (sumaryczna moc osiągana ok. 115 MW). Porównano również wybrane metody wyznaczania rzeczywistej temperatury gruntu, odszukane w literaturze.
EN
The simplified calculations of heat losses from buried district heating is assumed to be approximate value of the soil temperature (8°C). The article describes the results of studies focused on the soil temperature influence on the calculation of district heating heat losses. The analysis was performed for the medium size district heating system (total achieved power approx. 115 MW). The chosen method for determining the actual temperature of the soil, traced in the literature was also compared.
17
Concept of soil temperature coefficient for determining spatial distribution of soil temperature, using physiographic parameters of the basin and artificial neutral network (ANN)
75%
Kruk E. , Malec M. , Klatka S. , Brodzinska-Cygan A.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus
|
2018
|
tom 17
|
nr 2
EN
The paper presents the concept of soil temperature coefficient, as a ratio of soil temperature in the given point on the area of a basin and soil temperature in the basal point located within the watershed. For modelling the distribution of the soil temperature coefficient depending on selected soil and physiographic parameters, artificial neural networks (ANN) were used. ANN were taught based on empirical data, which covered measurements of soil temperature in 126 points, in the layer of soil at the depth of 0–10 cm, within the area of the Mątny stream basin located in the Gorce mountain range of West Carpathians. The area size of the basin amounts to 1.47 km2. Temperature was measured by means of a TDR device. The soil and physiographic parameters included: slopes, flow direction, clay content, height above sea level, exposition, slope shape, placement on the slope, land-use, and hydrologic group. Parameters were generated using DEM of 5m spatial resolution and soil maps, using the ArcGIS program. The MLP 10-8-1 model proved to be the best fitted neural network, with 8 neurons in the hidden layer. The quality parameters were satisfactory. For the learning set, the quality parameter amounted to 0.805; for the testing set, 0.894; and for the validating set, 0.820. Global sensitivity analysis facilitated the assessment of percentage shares, contributing to the soil temperature ratio. Land use (25.0%) and exposition (20.5%) had the highest impact on of the aforementioned ratio, while the placement on the slope and flow direction had the lowest impact.
PL
W pracy zaprezentowano koncepcję współczynnika temperatury gleby, jako ilorazu temperatury gleby w danym punkcie w zlewni i temperatury w punkcie bazowym zlokalizowanym na wododziale. Do modelowania rozkładu współczynnika temperatury gleby w zależności od wybranych parametrów fizjograficznych i glebowych wykorzystano sztuczne sieci neuronowe (SSN). SSN została nauczona w oparciu o dane empiryczne, obejmujące pomiary temperatury gleby, w warstwie 0–10 cm w 126 punktach, na terenie zlewni potoku Mątny zlokalizowanej w Gorcach, w Karpatach Zachodnich. Powierzchnia zlewni wynosi 1,47 km2 . Temperatura była mierzona za pomocą urządzenia typu TDR. Parametry glebowe i fizjograficzne objęły: kierunek spływu, zawartość iłu, wysokość n.p.m., ekspozycję, kształt stoku, położenie na stoku, użytkowanie terenu i grupę hydrologiczną gleby. Parametry zostały wygenerowane przy użyciu NMT o rozdzielczości 5 m i mapy glebowo-rolnicze, przy użyciu programu ArcGIS. Najlepiej dopasowanym modelem sztucznych sieci neuronowych okazał się m1odel MLP 10-8-1, z 8 neuronami w warstwie ukrytej. Parametry jakości dopasowania sieci były satysfakcjonujące. Parametr jakości dla zbioru uczącego wyniósł 0,805, dla testowego 0,894 i dla walidacyjnego 0,820. Globalna analiza wrażliwości sieci pozwoliła na ocenę procentowego udziału poszczególnych parametrów wyjaśnianiu kształtowania się wartości współczynnika temperatury gleby. Największy wpływ miały: użytkowanie terenu (25,0%) i ekspozycja (20,5%), a najmniejszy położenie na stoku oraz kierunek spływu wody.
18
Physical and mathematical ponderability of temperature measurement's frequency in environmental engineering
75%
Kowalski W.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus
|
2014
|
tom 13
|
nr 2
EN
The paper discusses circumstances that lead to improper measurements of temperature: without appropriate consideration to the context of physical phenomena occurring in nature or without appropriate awareness of mathematical principles; all of which results in data misinterpretation. Based on the conducted discussion, it can be stated that measurements and analyses of thermal phenomena, which are time-varying processes, should be performed using the same principles and tools as in the identification of dynamic processes, such as the Nyquist theorem.
PL
W pracy rozważane są okoliczności, w których dyskretne pomiary temperatury prowadzone są przy niewłaściwie dobranym kroku dyskretyzacji, bez należytego uwzględnienia kontekstu fizycznego zjawisk przebiegających w przyrodzie oraz bez świadomości uwarunkowań matematycznych, co prowadzi do błędnej interpretacji uzyskanych danych. Z przeprowadzonych rozważań wyprowadza się postulat, aby pomiary i analizy zjawisk termicznych, jako procesów zmiennych w czasie, były prowadzone z wykorzystaniem zasad i narzędzi stosowanych w identyfikacji procesów dynamicznych, m.in. twierdzenia Nyquista.
19
Content available Impact of temperature on the biological properties of soil
75%
Borowik A. , Wyszkowska J.
|
|
nr 1
20
Rye intercrop management in transplant tomatoes
75%
Jelonkiewicz M. , Borowy A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2000
|
tom 22
|
nr 3
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