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The effect of direct seeding on the soil resistance and the silage corn yield

100%

Stajnko D. , Janzekovic M. , Brus M. , Cus F.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2009

tom Vol. 35, nr 2

184-190

Purpose: The paper compares the effect of five different direct seeding methods to the conventional tillage on the emerging and yield of silage corn (Zea may L.) in two different pedo-ecological conditions of Slovenia. Design/methodology/approach: A randomly selected 4x6 block designed field test was carried out; gliphosat treatment 1 week before seeding (V1), mowing+focus ultra on the whole plot 3 weeks later (V2), mowing+focus ultra in bands 3 weeks later (V3), mowing+focus ultra in bands 3 weeks later+mowing the inter-row after emergence (V4), conventional tillage (V5), focus ultra on the whole plot 3 weeks after seeding (V6). Findings: The highest emergence was on parcels with treatment V5; 98.99 % in Noršinci and 82.75 % in Pohorski dvor. The (V1) treatment influenced lowest emergence in Noršinci (82.48 %) and Pohorski dvor (63.25 %). The number of emerged seedlings affected the highest yield of fresh silage on V5 (50.590 kg ha-1 - Nošinci and 45.661 kg ha-1 - Pohorski dvor) and dry matter (20.228 kg/ha). However, there was no difference to V1 and V4. The penetrometer measurements showed the highest soil resistance (119.78 N cm-2) in Noršinci on V3 and (185.31 N cm-2) in Pohorski dvor on V4. Research limitations/implications: The experiment presented herein can be applied under similar pedo-climatical condition. Practical implications: Alternative seeding methods can reduce the fuel consumption and CO2 emission by decreasing the number of passes on the field. Originality/value: By implementing the findings from our experiments a high intensity of soil engagement and inversion of the soil by using of mouldboard plough can be omitted on the majority of sandy and silty-loam soils. On that way the energy saving-method can make an effective contribution to farmers’ economy.

Multiscale computation of different plan curvature forms to enhance the prediction of soil properties in a low-relief watershed

100%

Khanifar J. , Khademalrasoul A.

Acta Geophysica

2024

tom Vol. 72, no. 2

933--944

This study focuses on the multiscale calculation of different plan curvature forms to enhance the modeling of soil penetration resistance and gravimetric soil water content utilizing the classification and regression trees algorithm in a low-relief watershed. To that end, three forms of plan curvature were derived using the Wood method from a two-meter digital elevation model on six neighborhood sizes. The results showed that the neighborhood size influenced the plan curvature values and there was little difference between the utilization of three forms of plan curvature in the landform determination. The modeling results indicated that the three forms of plan curvature on most neighborhood scales have different contributions to each other in modeling the spatial variability of each soil property. The neighborhood scale was a critical factor in soil modeling because it controls the smoothing rate of plan curvature. The overall results suggest that soil models with poor performance could be constructed if the plan curvature forms and the neighborhood size are not considered in the geomor-phometric analysis. Therefore, it is recommended to use the procedure implemented in this study for digital soil mapping in various regions.

Zagęszczenie i opory penetracji gleby przy stosowaniu siewu buraka cukrowego w mulcz i bezpośredniego

70%

Sztukowski P. , Blaszkiewicz Z.

Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin

2002

tom 222

303-308

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań zagęszczenia i oporu penetracji gleby w różnych technologiach uprawy buraka cukrowego: w technologii tradycyjnej, z siewem w mulcz i z siewem bezpośrednim w ściernisko. Pomiary gęstości objętościowej i oporu penetracji przeprowadzono w początkowym okresie wzrostu i rozwoju systemu korzeniowego na glebie płowej o wilgotności 4–5%. Badano właściwości gleby do głębokości 35 cm w międzyrzędziach roślin z koleinami utworzonymi kołami ciągnika podczas siewu oraz poza tymi koleinami. Wykazano, że czynnikami różnicującymi badane właściwości gleby są zarówno technologie uprawy jak i przejazdy kół ciągnika podczas wykonywania siewu. Ogólnie stwierdzono, że uproszczenia w analizowanych technologiach uprawy prowadzą do wzrostu gęstości i oporu penetracji gleby. Ponadto stan tego zagęszczenia ulega pogorszeniu w rzędach roślin przy międzyrzędziach z koleinami utworzonymi kołami ciągnika podczas wykonywania siewu we wszystkich badanych technologiach uprawy.

In this paper the results of tests of soil density and penetration resistance in various sugar beet production systems (traditional, conservation and no-tillage) are presented. The measurement were performed at early stage of growth and root system development on light sandy soil with moisture 4–5%. Density and penetration resistance up to depth of 35 cm were evaluated for the soil between plant rows with ruts caused by tractor wheels during the sowing and between rows free of these ruts. It was stated that analyzed cultivation practices and wheel ruts were the major factors that changed soil properties. The simplification in production systems caused the increase of soil density and penetration resistance. Additionally, soil compaction become worse between plant rows with tractor wheels ruts in all production technologies.