Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

SALBEC – A python library and GUI application to calculate the diurnal variation of the soil albedo

100%

Jasiewicz J. , Cierniewski J.

Quaestiones Geographicae

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2021

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tom 40

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nr 3

EN

This study presents the SALBEC – Soil ALBEdo Calculator – a Python library and Graphical User Interface designed to predict the diurnal variation of the clear-sky albedo based on the soil surface properties. Such predictions are becoming more and more necessary with the increasing role of remote measurements. The software uses the following input parameters: the soil spectrum, soil roughness, day of the year (DOY) and sample location. It returns the diurnal albedo variation and, as a unique feature, optimal observation time in the form of tables and graphs as out-puts. Models created with the SALBEC were compared with the data acquired under near clear-sky conditions. The comparison shows that the differences between the models and measured data do not exceed the variation of input parameters. The software is directed towards scientists and professionals who require precise estimations of the albedo of soils for different field observation times. Our software is issued as free and open source software (FOSS) and is publicly available at https://github.com/jarekj71/salbec.

2

Zmienność obszaru powierzchni gleb w zakresie widzialnym i bliskiej podczerwieni

86%

Cierniewski J.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Geodesia et Descriptio Terrarum

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2005

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tom Vol. 4, nr 1

3-16

PL

Zmienność jasności obrazu gleb omówiona jest w funkcji kąta zenitalnego Słońca oraz stanu atmosfery określonego jej grubością optyczną dla wybranej długości fali 850 nm. Zagadnienie to dyskutowane jest na przykładzie czterech powierzchni: dwóch nieuprawnych pustynnych, względnie gładkiej pylastej i bardzo szorstkiej skalistej oraz dwóch gleb uprawnych z agregatami rozrzuconymi losowo i tworzącymi mikrorelief bruzdowy. Wykorzystywane są dane wygenerowane za pomocą modelu przewidującego hemisferyczno-kierunkowe odbicie od wybranych powierzchni w postaci rozkładów znormalizowanego ich odbicia we wszystkich możliwych kierunkach ich obserwacji. Odniesiono się także do możliwości praktycznego wykorzystania nielambertowskiego zachowania się powierzchni gleb dla pozyskania dokładniejszych i bardziej wiarygodnych informacji o ich właściwościach za pośrednictwem teledetekcji.

EN

Variation of soil surface image brightness in the function of the solar zenith angle and the atmosphere state, described by its optical thickness for chosen wavelength of 850 nm, is examined in this paper. The issue is discussed on examples of four surfaces: two uncultivated desert, the relatively smooth silty and the very rough rocky, as well as the two cultivated, with randomly dispersed soil aggregates and their directional distribution with the furrow microrelief. Data generated by the model predicting the hemispherical-directional reflectance from the surfaces mentioned above were used in this paper. The data for the surfaces in the given illumination conditions are presented in the form of this reflectance distributions for all the possible directions, normalised to the nadir. Discussion about practical applications of the non-Lambertian behaviour of soil surfaces to obtain more detailed and reliable information of the surface properties using remote sensing finalizes the paper.

3

New Stand of Invasive Neophyte Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Its Potential Reproduction

72%

Csontos P. , Angyal Z. , Chmura D. , Nagy J. , Halbritter A. , Tamás J.

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tom Vol. 63, nr 3

453--459

EN

A new stand, formed by some fifty individuals of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., an invasive plant of alien origin, was discovered at the Katowice railway station (southern Poland), in 2011. Two years later, the stand (increased to more than 160 individuals in the meantime) was re-visited, phytosociological survey was made, and four soil cores (5 cm deep and 80 cm2 surface area, each) were taken for seed bank studies. The phytosociological sampling revealed 28 co-occurring vascular species, most of them representing hemicryptophyte and geophyte life forms. According to Ellenberg's values, the species pool indicated sunny (L7 and L8 species dominating) and semi-dry (mainly F4 species) habitat for the common ragweed population, whereas Zarzycki's soil granulometric data reflected coarse-grained soil. Albedo of the soil was lower than that of the vegetation thus sparsely vegetated sites were considered as heat accumulating microhabitats that might support establishment of the thermophilic A. artemisiifolia. During soil seed bank analysis a high number of naturally opened fruits (dehiscent achenes) were found (718.75 per m2) most probably indicating frequent germination in previous years. Greenhouse germination tests proved successful germination of 125 individuals per m2, which was considered enough to maintain the A. artemisiifolia stand at the station. The results call attention to a newly discovered, established population with increasing demography of A. artemisiifolia, a highly allergenic introduced weed of Poland.

4

Szacowanie średniego dziennego albeda powierzchni gleb na świecie za pomocą jego wartości chwilowych

72%

Cierniewski J.

Teledetekcja Środowiska

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2008

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tom T. 39

34--40