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nr 1
7-13
EN
This article aims to present the concept of social interest applied within the scope of Corporate Law and interpret it according to its application in Portuguese and Spanish Law, in order to subsequently find out if the theoretical concept is applied differently in the normative-legal context of these countries. As a result of this theoretical-interpretative analysis, an attempt will be made to understand whether the concept has evolved towards an understanding of the value creation of the socially responsible company from the same perspective of corporate social responsibility.
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nr 2
57-69
EN
One of the most important general clauses in Polish legislation is, because of its constitutive character, a clause of public interest. This clause is also frequently used by ordinary legislators. The clause of public interest constitutes first and foremost the basis for limiting the rights and freedoms of citizens. In some cases, however, it is a premise for implementation of certain mechanisms for the protection of selected values (in, e.g. competition law or consumer protection law). Therefore, it has a diverse character. Connections between the law and the social life are wide, as is manifested by the theoretical and legal reflection, and a reflection of other social sciences. The law, in particular public law, results inter alia, from the realisation of a specific policy and is also a carrier and reflection of socially important values. This, in turn, triggers a need for a normative analysis and exploration of the normative content of the above clause and similar ones which include clauses of ‘social interest’ and ‘socially justified interest.’ These clauses are sometimes used interchangeably in the doctrine, but such an approach is not justified. This paper aims to analyse these clauses in detail to prove that they should not be treated synonymously.
PL
Jedną z najważniejszych klauzul generalnych w prawodawstwie polskim jest klauzula interesu publicznego, ma bowiem charakter konstytucyjny, choć i ustawodawca zwykły często do niej sięga. Przede wszystkim stanowi ona podstawę ograniczania praw i wolności obywatelskich, choć niekiedy jest przesłanką wdrażania mechanizmów służących ochronie wybranych wartości, np. w prawie ochrony konkurencji i konsumentów. Ma więc zróżnicowany charakter. Przy tym związki pomiędzy prawem a życiem społecznym są szerokie, a to z kolei ma swe odzwierciedlenie między refleksją teoretycznoprawną a refleksją innych nauk społecznych. Prawo, w szczególności publiczne, jest też wynikiem realizacji określonej polityki oraz nośnikiem i odzwierciedleniem ważnych społecznie wartości. To zaś wywołuje potrzebę analizy normatywnej i odkrywania normatywnej zawartości przywołanej klauzuli oraz klauzul podobnych. Do tych ostatnich należą klauzule „interesu społecznego” oraz „interesu społecznie uzasadnionego”. Pojawiające się w doktrynie wypowiedzi klauzule te niekiedy traktują zamiennie, co jest nieuzasadnione. Niniejsze opracowanie ma zatem na celu dokonanie szczegółowej analizy wskazanych klauzul i wykazanie, że nie powinny być one traktowane synonimicznie.
EN
Article 18 of the Broadcasting Act contains among other things regulations pointing that broadcasters cannot show programs, which encourage actions contrary to law, propagate attitudes and beliefs contrary to the moral values and social interest, include broadcasts discriminating on grounds of race, sex and nationality, do not respect the religious beliefs of the public, especially the Christian system of values. Regulations also forbid to broadcast programs which may threaten the physical, mental or moral development of minors. The paper presents examples of broadcasts whose contents break the regulations of the article 18. These are going to be the cases which were brought under control of the National Broadcasting Council, because in accordance with the Broadcasting Act this regulatory is entitled to enforce this Act and call broadcasters to account. The paper also shows the Council’s activity concerning creating precise regulations as to the protection of the youngest audience from harmful broadcasts. This article includes the assessment of the activities of the Council itself in the field of program supervision of broadcasters.
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tom 20
25-34
EN
Social interest and rightful interest of an individual on the basis of the Article 7 in fine of the Polish Code of Administrative Proceedings The following article expands on one of the crucial and basic general principles that lead the administrative proceedings, being at the same time a kind of a guideline in interpretation for the whole system of administrative laws. The aforementioned principle, namely “the principle of accommodating public and private legitimate interests” is included in the article 7 in fine of the Code of the Administrative Proceedings. The rule is of great importance for those proceedings that entail a type of discretion which organs of administration legally possess. That is the time when the two interests must be weighed up and the primacy to one of them must be given. The author also tries to distinguish between the interchangeable terms of “public interest” and “social interest” pointing to their semantic use. The issue of collision of the two interests has been also described in the text. Finally, the legal guarantees of adopting that principle have been touched upon.
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