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Hispanizmy v slovenskej lexike

100%

Ulašin B.

nr 2

265-283

The main goal of this work is to map Spanish loanwords in contemporary Slovak. Based on the defined criteria, we found 108 words of Spanish origin. We paid great attention to the etymology of the words, which was a key criterion in their selection. In addition to these loanwords, we offer an overview of words that came into Slovak from Arabic and Indian languages through Spanish, as well as of those that originated in other languages, but with the original basis of the word also coming from Spanish. We analyze the Spanish loanwords as for the adaptation processes, in terms of classification into thematic areas, we classify them chronologically according to the century of the first written occurrence as well as the frequency of their use in Slovak.

Slovenské, české a poľské lingvistické termíny z hľadiska syntaktickej motivácie

100%

Vojtekova M.

Bohemistyka

2019

nr 4

501-522

This study deals with linguistic terms in Slovak, Czech and Polish languages. It describes and confronts linguistic terms as terminologically motivated units from the point of view of syntactic motivation. Based on the theory of lexical motivation it points out also a cooperation of the terminological and syntactic motivation. The issue description as well as conclusions are built upon the research of an extensive material basis of Slovník slovanské lingvistické terminologie 1, 2 (Jedlička (ed.) 1977, 1979) and on more recent sources. The study points out the proportion, distribution and competition of one-word and multi-word (syntactically motivated) terms in linguistics, as well as interlingual correspondences and differences, when naming identical denotates is concerned. Furthermore, construction types of multi-word linguistic terms have been identified in Slovak, Czech and Polish languages. The paper finally pays attention to the most frequent construction types, as well as to interlingual correspondences and differences appearing in construction classification.

Štúdia sa zaoberá jazykovednými termínmi v slovenčine, češtine a poľštine. Opisuje a konfrontuje lingvistické termíny ako terminologicky motivované jednotky z aspektu syntaktickej motivácie, poukazuje na kooperáciu terminologickej a syntaktickej motivácie, pričom vychádza z teórie lexikálnej motivácie. Opis problematiky i závery sa zakladajú na výskume rozsiahlej materiálovej bázy Slovníka slovanské lingvistické terminologie 1, 2 (Jedlička (ed.) 1977, 1979), ale aj novších prameňov. Štúdia poukazuje na pomer, distribúciu a konkurenciu jednoslovných a viacslovných (syntakticky motivovaných) pomenovaní v oblasti lingvistiky, ako aj na medzijazykové zhody a diferencie pri pomenúvaní totožných denotátov. Na základe výskumu sú vydelené konštrukčné typy viacslovných jazykovedných termínov v slovenčine, češtine a poľštine. Poukazuje sa na najviac zastúpené konštrukčné typy, ako aj na interlingválne zhody a diferencie v konštrukčnom členení.

Adaptácia antroponým cudzieho pôvodu v slovenčine a španielčine

100%

Ulašin B.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

2024

tom 106

nr 2

193-211

This article compares the adaptation of anthroponyms of foreign origin in Slovak and Spanish across historical periods. We analyze ancient names of Latin and Greek origin where Spanish shows, in general, a deeper level of adaptation. We have also included biblical, Near Eastern, and Egyptian names and names from the medieval and early modern periods, where the predominant tendency is to find native equivalents, not only for first names, but for surnames as well (in a significantly more systematic way in the case of Spanish). Nowadays the clear tendency is to maintain the original graphic form of foreign names in languages using the Latin alphabet, except for names of popes and monarchs. Searching more widely, the article analyzes rules for transcribing names from Slavic languages, Arabic, and Chinese, noting a greater degree of adaptation in Spanish. Different approaches are found in transcription of Chinese names, with Spanish using pinyin and Slovak employing a system of transcription based on its own alphabet. The article concludes with translations of anthroponyms, highlighting variations in the use or absence of translation of descriptive names (nombres parlantes, e.g. Schneewittchen) into the two languages analyzed.