Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Didattica inclusiva dell’italiano L2/LS tra lingua e identità di genere

100%

Cerrato D.

|

2024

|

tom 51

|

nr 2

5-16

PL

In some cases, the teaching of Italian as an L2/LS language continues to perpetuate gender stereotypes, sexist or discriminatory elements. When this is not the case, however, it often fails to offer those approaching the study of Italian the tools and materials to address relevant issues and themes in the contemporary debate such as gender identity and the importance of using inclusive language. Aware that the didactics of Italian can be a fundamental tool for building a context of coexistence of differences, we want to reflect on the Italian situation and present some didactic proposals that can allow to combine in the Italian classroom a language education a reflection on gender identity.

2

Cyber Backlash and the Maintenance of Sex Segregation in Professional Sport

100%

Fogel C. A. , Quinlan A.

Gender Studies

|

2015

|

tom 14

|

nr 1

171-189

EN

In 2013, Mark Cuban, the team owner of Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA), announced that he would consider selecting female basketball player Brittney Griner to play for his professional men’s team. Within 24 hours after ESPN posted an online article reporting Mark Cuban’s statement, 921 online comments were posted in response. This study analyzes these comments to investigate the pervasive sexism and gender discrimination found in online sporting news arenas. It investigates how Brittney Griner’s sex, gender, and athletic ability became subjects of scrutiny and debate in these online comments and how discriminatory comments about Griner were routinely extended to all female athletes and to women even outside of sport. By examining the online backlash against Mark Cuban’s proposal, this paper investigates the maintenance of sex segregation in professional sport and the systemic devaluing of female athletes and privileging of male athletes that upholds it.

3

On Gender-Sensitive Language

87%

Kuna B. , Nujić D.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

|

2015

|

nr 9

303-318

PL

This paper focuses on changes in Croatian language that either have happened or are possible to happen in order that male dominance in language and gender inequality are reduced. The research concentrates on the use of gender-sensitive language for job titles and occupations of female persons. The study demonstrates the lack of stability in the use of feminine forms, as it has not been integrated into the Croatian language practice yet.

4

Internalization of Negative Images: Self-Loathing as Portrayed in Toni Morrison’s "The Bluest Eye." Geraldine’s Case Study

86%

Czajkowska N.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

|

2015

|

tom 4

25-31

EN

The article presents the foundations, symptoms and consequences of self-hatred as experienced by Geraldine, the black female character portrayed in Toni Morrison’s first novel, The Bluest Eye. Primarily, based on the psychological concepts of Rosenberg, Higgins and Horney, it defines self-loathing as an extremely negative self-concept, a depreciation of one’s own physical attractiveness, intellect and abilities which is accompanied by anger towards oneself. The key characteristic of this process is expressed by a decreased level of self-esteem that is effectuated by an internalization of negative in- and out-group concepts based on racial prejudice and sexism, as well as on a sense of social rejection and intolerance. An additional reason behind the black woman’s conviction of her inferiority and unworthiness is her idealization of white culture, of its standards of beauty and lifestyle with which she is bombarded. In consequence, the black female character tends to overestimate the image of whiteness and to underestimate her blackness. Instead, by being an organic part of the culture that detests her, she learns to hate her dark skin, her poverty, otherness and funkiness. This acquired hatred generates a discrepancy between her actual self and the ideal or ought self, effectuating in a neurotic desire to eradicate all attributes of the actual, despised self. Therefore, Geraldine disparages, doubts and discredits the epitomes of her blackness and bitterly endeavors to eradicate it. To achieve this, she firstly obliterates her native and cultural identity, both in the physical and mental dimension, and secondly she invents a new identity which allows her to escape from her hopelessness and ugliness.

5

Learner perceptions of gender representation in EFL grammar books

86%

Lewandowski M.

Lingua Posnaniensis

|

2015

|

tom 56

|

nr 2

61-72

EN

It seems that there are very few research themes in sociolinguistics that have been as thoroughly explored as gender representation in educational materials (notably in E FL textbooks). However, relatively little attention has been paid to how learners themselves perceive the images of men and women in teaching resources. T he present contribution has been written in an attempt to fill this gap. Drawing on the findings of two small-scale survey studies conducted among Polish university students, it addresses two major issues. T he first one concerns the extent to which the choice of male or female-gendered sentence subjects in E FL grammar course books matches the learners’ associations and expectations. The other one, focusing specifically on attitudes to gender representation, seeks to demonstrate how the students view the ways male and female characters are portrayed in constructed examples of usage and practice sentences from English grammar textbooks. Both studies provide some indications of how E FL learners’ needs and expectations can be better addressed in teaching materials

6

Gender as a category entangled in the matrix of power and gender resistance potential

86%

Bielska E.

Journal of Gender and Power

|

2015

|

tom 3

|

nr 1

103-111

EN

The subject of presented analysis is gender treated as a social category entangled in power relations. There are presented main social matrices of the gender-based power practices and it’s institutional and extrainstitutional, structural and individual expressions and consequences. The attention is focused at the classical conceptions of power and the perspectives of using it’s elements in the analysis of gender-based discipline practices in modern and postmodern society. There are also indicated - connected with queer culture - resistance strategies realized by using gender symbols and stereotypically perceived roles.

7

En torno a un uso no discriminatorio del género gramatical en español

72%

Balmaseda Maestu E.

|

2019

|

tom 67

|

nr 5: Neofilologia

55-77

ES

El género, se tome este en la acepción tercera o en la octava del Diccionario de la Lengua Española (DLE), constituye probablemente la cuestión más candente de la sociolingüística y gramática normativa del español actual. Hoy por hoy, planteos tradicionales y propuestas en tentativa sobre su concepción y tratamiento parecen ofrecer perspectivas incompatibles. El tema revela en su vertiente gramatical (enredada con diversas facetas psicológicas, sociológicas, ideológicas y políticas de las relaciones entre mujeres y hombres) un interés social y un grado de controversia especialmente alto para tratarse de un tema lingüístico, tanto entre autoridades de la disciplina como en medios populares. Dentro de este marco, el presente trabajo presenta una serie de reflexiones, pautas y ejemplos que, además de centrar el tema, puedan servir de orientación para evitar un tratamiento, no solo sexista, sino también androcéntrico del español.

EN

Whether understood in its third or in its eighth entry in the Diccionario de la Lengua Española (DLE), gender has probably become the hottest issue of sociolinguistics and normative grammar in contemporary Spanish. Nowadays, traditional approaches and attempted propositions about its conception and treatment seem to offer incompatible points of view. From a grammar perspective (mixed up with different psychological, sociological, ideological and politic topics about the relations between men and women), this subject reveals a social interest and a degree of controversy particularly high for a linguistic issue, not only amongst authorities in the matter but also in popular media. Within this framework, the present work offers a series of considerations, guidelines and examples that, as well as situating the subject, could be used as a guidance in order to avoid not only a sexist but also an androcentric use of Spanish.

PL

Niezależnie od tego, czy rozumiany według trzeciego czy ósmego znaczenia w Diccionario de la Lengua Española (DLE), rodzaj stał się prawdopodobnie najgorętszym zagadnieniem socjolingwistyki i gramatyki normatywnej we współczesnym języku hiszpańskim. W dzisiejszych czasach tradycyjne podejścia i propozycje dotyczące jego koncepcji i traktowania wydają się oferować rozbieżne punkty widzenia. Z perspektywy gramatycznej (pomieszanej z różnymi zagadnieniami psychologicznymi, socjologicznymi, ideologicznymi i politycznymi dotyczącymi relacji między mężczyzną i kobietą) temat ten ujawnia interes społeczny i pewien stopień kontrowersji zwłaszcza w kwestiach językowych, nie tylko w środowisku autorytetów w tej dziedzinie, ale także w popularnych mediach. W tym kontekście niniejszy artykuł oferuje szereg rozważań, wytycznych i przykładów, które oprócz propozycji umiejscowienia tematu mogą być wykorzystane jako wskazówki, jak uniknąć nie tylko seksistowskiego, ale i androcentrycznego użycia języka hiszpańskiego.

8

Can’t Hear or Won’t Hear: Gender, Sexualities and Reporting Male Rape

72%

Javaid A.

InterAlia: Pismo poświęcone studiom queer

|

2018

|

nr 13

31-53

EN

Drawing on heteronormativity and hegemonic masculinity, this paper seeks to unravel the issue of the underreporting of male rape to the police and to the third sector. Critically examining the issue of male sexual victimisation will provide a fuller understanding of it within the police and third sector context. Underpinned by gender theories and concepts and the framework of heteronormativity, I argue that male victims of rape are reticent to engage with the police and voluntary agency practitioners because of hostile, sexist and homophobic reactions, attitudes, and appraisal, particularly from other men in these agencies within England to police masculinities and sexualities. I draw on primary data of police officers and voluntary agency practitioners (n = 70) to illustrate the ways wherein gender and sexualities norms and beliefs affect and shape their understanding and view of men as victims of rape. The data suggests that, when male rape victims report their rape, they are susceptible to a ‘fag discourse’, whereby the police and voluntary agency practitioners are likely to perpetuate language to suggest that the victims are not ‘real’ men, intensifying their reluctance to report and to engage with the criminal justice system. Thus, the police and voluntary agency practitioners’, particularly male workers, masculinities are strengthened through emasculating male rape victims.

9

A Linguistic Analysis of Sexism-Related Hate Speech in Social Media

72%

Bugajska A. , Dziedzic P.

Perspektywy Kultury

|

2023

|

tom 42

|

nr 3

549-560

PL

Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie funkcjonowania analizy dualnej algorytm-człowiek oraz sposobów badania w szczególności mowy nienawiści związanej z seksizmem w środowisku internetowym, z naciskiem na komentarze i hashtagi w mediach społecznościowych, oraz zbadanie nowych trendów językowych we współczesnej mowie nienawiści w Internecie, które można ujawnić za pomocą ilościowej analizy mowy nienawiści. W pierwszej części pokrótce wprowadzono pojęcie mowy nienawiści, odnosząc się do kontekstu językowego. W drugiej części przeanalizowano przykładowy hashtag Twittera. W trzeciej części wykorzystano algorytm identyfikacji mowy nienawiści na tle seksizmu z korpusu dostępnego na stronie hatespeechdata.com. W artykule przedstawiono metody oceny wybranych typów treści internetowych pod kątem obecności mowy nienawiści. Zostaje dowiedzione, że algorytmiczna kwalifikacja mowy nienawiści jest niewystarczającym narzędziem w identyfikacji mowy nienawiści i konieczna jest analiza jakościowa przeszkolonego językoznawcy.

EN

The aim of this article is to present the functioning of a dual algorithm/human analysis and to investigate the means with which to study hate speech, especially sexism-related hate speech, in the online environment, focusing on social media comments and hashtags. Another aim is to investigate new linguistic trends in contemporary online hate speech that can be revealed via quantitative hate speech analysis. In the first part, the concept of hate speech is briefly introduced in a linguistic context. In the second part, an example of a Twitter hashtag is analyzed. In the third part, an algorithm for the identification of sexism-related hate speech from the corpus available at hatespeechdata.com is discussed. The article demonstrates the methods of evaluating selected types of online content for the presence of hate speech. It is made evident that algorithm-based hate speech qualification is an insufficient tool for identifying hate speech and that qualitative analysis by a trained linguist is necessary.

10

Prejudice against women and men – correlates, predictors and consequences for romantic relationships

72%

Mandal E. , Kurzeja T.

Polskie Forum Psychologiczne

|

2024

|

tom XXIX

|

nr 1

21-39

PL

Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że współcześnie pomimo przemian obyczajowych, w wielu społeczeństwach występują różne formy uprzedzeń społecznych wobec kobiet i mężczyzn. Wskazano na seksizm tradycyjny i seksizm współczesny, seksizm ambiwalentny, seksizm wrogi i seksizm życzliwy. Zaakcentowano wzajemne związki i komponenty tych zjawisk. Opisano zjawisko poznawczego usprawiedliwiania seksizmu oraz efekt odwetu. Omówiono główne badania naukowe pokazujące związki uprzedzeń ze względu na płeć ze zmiennymi demograficznymi i psychologicznymi. Pokazano konsekwencje seksizmu w bliskich związkach kobiet i mężczyzn.

EN

The aim of the article is to review analyzes indicating that nowadays, despite moral changes, in many societies there are various forms of social prejudice against women and men. Traditional sexism and contemporary sexism, ambivalent sexism, hostile sexism and benevolent sexism were indicated. The mutual dependencies and components of these phenomena are shown. The phenomenon of cognitive justification of sexism and the effects of retaliation are described. Major research studies linking gender bias to demographic and psychological variables are discussed. It shows the consequences of sexism in close relationships between men and women.

11

„Modlitwa dziewicy”. Kicz i seksizm dziewiętnastowiecznej muzyki salonowej

72%

Golianek R. D.

Muzyka

|

2022

|

tom 67

|

nr 4

3-22

EN

First published in 1856, the piano miniature ‘La priere d’une vierge’ [The virgin’s prayer] by the Polish pianist Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska (1829–61) was an unprecedented commercial success (with more than a million copies sold by 1860) and made Bądarzewska an international household name. This should be interpreted purely as a peculiar social phenomenon rather than an artistic achievement, since Bądarzewska’s composition was an ideal reflection of nineteenth century notions of the woman and womanhood, adhering to the cultural canon of that period. The context of salon music should be considered as an obvious and appropriate point of reference for the views and opinions discussed here, since the work in question became an iconic example of output from the nineteenth-century salon. For the same reason, the conclusions presented here may help us to understand the status of the entire salon repertoire, the huge quantity of which is one of the more notable phenomena of the age. The two perspectives on The Virgin’s Prayer presented in this article – interpreting this work as a manifestation of kitsch and of sexism – exemplify the application of modern methodology (the tools of new musicology) to an historical work. Both perspectives represent a modern adaptive interpretation. The aesthetic status of Bądarzewska’s work as a manifestation of kitsch is defined using Abraham Moles’s theoretical concept. Moles lists five principles of kitsch that can easily be recognised in this composition and in its perception. Those principles are submitted here to an aesthetic interpretation. The reading of ‘The Virgin’s Prayer’ as a manifestation of sexism, in turn, results from the social context of the work, which was composed by a woman artist and linked (in its title and musical style) to the topos of representations of femininity in music, strongly dominated by stereotypes related to the social status of the female sex. Bądarzewska, it turns out, produced a work that fitted into the mainstream of sexist views on women and their activity. ‘The Virgin’s Prayer’ became a flagship example of a work, the stylistic and expressive qualities of which corresponded perfectly to the perception of women’s art as derivative, non-autonomous and banal.

PL

Opublikowana po raz pierwszy w 1856 r. przez Teklę Bądarzewską-Baranowską (1829–61) miniatura fortepianowa Modlitwa dziewicy odniosła niebywały sukces komercyjny (już w 1860 roku szacowano liczbę sprzedanych egzemplarzy na ponad milion) i rozsławiła nazwisko polskiej pianistki na świecie. Jednak przypadek ten należy traktować wyłącznie jako szczególny fenomen społeczny, a nie jako osiągnięcie artystyczne. Kompozycja Bądarzewskiej stanowiła bowiem idealne odwzorowanie dziewiętnastowiecznych wyobrażeń o kobiecie i kobiecości, wpisując się w kanony ówczesnej kultury. Przywołanie kontekstu muzyki salonowej tego czasu trzeba uznać za oczywisty i adekwatny punkt odniesienia dla prezentowanych ocen i poglądów, jako że omawiany utwór stał się wręcz ikonicznym przykładem twórczości z kręgu kultury dziewiętnastowiecznego salonu. Z tego też względu zaprezentowane wnioski mogą być przydatne dla rozumienia sytuacji całego repertuaru muzyki salonowej, którego ogrom ilościowy stanowi jeden z fenomenów tej epoki. Przedstawione w artykule dwa spojrzenia interpretacyjne na Modlitwę dziewicy – rozpatrywanie tego dzieła jako przejawów kiczu i seksizmu – stanowią przykład zastosowania współczesnej metodologii (z kręgu nowej muzykologii) do dzieła z przeszłości. Oba zaproponowane ujęcia są swoistą interpretacją adaptacyjną przeprowadzoną ze współczesnej perspektywy. Dla określenia pozycji estetycznej utworu Bądarzewskiej jako dzieła będącego przejawem kiczu została wykorzystana teoretyczna koncepcja Abrahama Moles’a. Autor ten wyróżnił pięć zasad kiczu, których przejawy można bez trudu odnaleźć w omawianym utworze lub jego odbiorze i które zostają w artykule poddane interpretacji estetycznej. Z kolei doszukiwanie się w Modlitwie dziewicy przejawów seksizmu wynika z sytuacji społecznej utworu: omawiana kompozycja jest dziełem twórczyni-kobiety, dodatkowo zaś określona tytułem i stylem muzycznym problematyka wiązała się z toposem przedstawień kobiecości w muzyce, silnie zdominowanym stereotypami odnoszącymi się do społecznej pozycji płci. Jak się okazuje, swoją sztuką Bądarzewska artystka wpisała się w mainstream seksistowskiego postrzegania kobiet i ich aktywności, a Modlitwa dziewicy stała się wzorcowym przykładem utworu, którego cechy stylistyczno-ekspresyjne doskonale odpowiadały wyobrażeniom o wtórnej, niesamodzielnej i banalnej sztuce kobiecej.

12

Černá tvářičko, budeš Římanka!? Fašistický kolonialismus mezi sexismem a rasismem

58%

Flemrová A.

Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)

|

2018

|

tom 57

122-133

EN

The article focuses on the topic of collective perception and the literary representation of the relationship between the white man and the native woman in fascist Italy. The sexist undertone of propaganda songs from the time of the Second Italian-Ethiopian War soon was in contradiction with the rising racist views in Italian society that led to the compulsory segregation of white and indigenous people in the colonies. The stereotypical image of an indigenous woman as a domestic animal or beast appears in both trashy and high literature. The masculine figure has an interesting development: a new fascist man, the conqueror is finally replaced by the passive inetto, a type that has been enforced in theItalian literature during modernism.

13

Quelques facteurs de variation des interdits langagiers

58%

Sablayrolles J.-F.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica

|

2017

|

nr 12

9-18

EN

While most gynolects and pedolects have now practically disappeared from the French language and the use of offensive language (insults and verbal abuse) has become increasingly common, new types of taboos have emerged. On the one hand, religious fundamentalists still rise against what they perceive as blasphemy – but they remain a minority. On the other hand, the general public has grown much more sensitive to macho, racist, anti-Semitic and revisionist statements. These provoke indignant reactions and lead to lawsuits and convictions.

FR

La (quasi)disparition des gynolectes et pédolectes et le développement des incivilités (insultes et propos violents) n’empêchent pas l’apparition de nouveaux domaines tabous en français. Les fondamentalistes religieux s’insurgent encore contre ce qu’ils considèrent être des blasphèmes mais il sont minoritaires. En revanche les propos machistes, racistes, antisémites, négationnistes provoquent des réactions indignées de la part de la population, beaucoup plus sensible à ces sujets, et font l’objet de poursuites devant les tribunaux et de condamnations.

14

Działania Unii Europejskiej w zwalczaniu przemocy wobec kobiet

58%

Zielińska E.

Studia Iuridica

|

2022

|

tom 91

387-411

EN

The text explores important issues concerning violence against women in the light of the legal regulations of the Istanbul Convention and in the context of difficulties emerging during actions taken by the European Union to implement the Istanbul Convention in the EU legal framework. The European Union, within its competences, has not yet taken specific legal measures to combat crime involving violence against women, i.e. originating in the fact that someone is a woman or, statistically, there is a gross overrepresentation of women among the victims. The article describes the stages of the ratification and legislative processes, thanks to which the issue of counteracting gender-based violence will remain permanently on the agenda of the EU bodies, thereby contributing to a better understanding both of the threats posed by this form of crime for all societies and the need for the integrated fight against it in the common area of freedom, security, and justice.