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1

Seed productivity in relation to other shoot features for endangered parasitic plant Orobanche picridis F.W. Schultz (Orobanchaceae)

100%

Piwowarczyk R.

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nr 1

EN

Parasitic plants species of the genus Orobanche produce a very high number of small dust-like seeds. The seed shape of Orobanche sp. is ellipsoid to globose, ca. 0.3 × 0.4 mm. Orobanche picridis F.W. Schultz is a sub-Mediterranean-sub-Atlantic species. It has the NE range limit in Poland and Ukraine. The species is seriously endangered in Poland and neighbouring countries. O. picridis occurs only in southern Poland (34 localities). It prefers habitats on chalky rendzina, especially S-facing. It colonizes abandoned fallows and wastelands, field margins, initial xerothermic grasslands. They are mostly ecotone communities, in semi-ruderal xerothermic pioneer communities belonging to the Dauco-Picridetum (Artemisietea vulgaris class). The aim of this study was to determine potential and real seed productivity in Orobanche picridis and correlations between the characteristics of the shoots. Research hypothesis is to show that the studied traits of shoots show the highest correlation with the production of seeds. The paper presents investigations into potential and real seed productivity of Orobanche picridis for the first time. Investigations were conducted in 2010 at three most abundant localities of O. picridis in southern Poland in the Wyżyna Małopolska upland (S Poland) - Wesołówka (Przedgórze Iłżeckie foreland), Pińczów, and Pęczelice (Niecka Nidziańska basin). Research into the number of seeds produced per fruit and per shoot is discussed. Strict correlations between seed productivity and shoot features, i.e. shoot height, inflorescence length, number of fruits and corolla tube length were observed. The number of seeds in a single ovary in O. picridis varied and ranged from 457 to 3 246. The mean number of seeds per shoot is 55 172 based on the data collected at the three sites and ranges between 8 911 and 151 050. Seed productivity depends significantly on the size of a plant, that is on the shoot height, correlation coefficient r = 0.7, inflorescence length, r = 0.6, number of flowers and fruits per plant, r = 0.6, and on the flower size, r = 0.5.

2

Analiza zmienności i korelacji fizycznych cech skrzydlaków 11 gatunków klonów

100%

Acta Agrophysica

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2017

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tom 24

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nr 4

PL

Kluczem do projektowania i modelowania wielu procesów związanych ze zbiorem, obróbką i siewem nasion jest zdobycie informacji o zakresie zmienności ich cech fizycznych oraz występujących między tymi cechami współzależności. Dlatego też celem pracy jest wyznaczenie zakresu zmienności podstawowych cech fizycznych skrzydlaków wybranych ich gatunków oraz określenie współzależności między tymi cechami w aspekcie wykorzystania tych danych przy sortowaniu nasion. Z tego względu dokonano pomiarów prędkości krytycznej unoszenia, grubości, szerokości, długości i masy skrzydlaków jedenastu gatunków klonów oraz grubości i masy owocni każdego skrzydlaka po usunięciu skrzydełka. Na ich podstawie obliczono wskaźniki proporcji poszczególnych wymiarów i mas skrzydlaków. Dane z pomiarów i obliczeń opracowano statystycznie, wykorzystując analizę wariancji oraz analizę korelacji i regresji. Średnia prędkość krytyczna unoszenia skrzydlaków analizowanych gatunków klonów zawiera się w przedziale od 3,71 do 8,65 m·s–1, ich średnia grubość – od 0,28 do 0,61 mm, średnia szerokość – od 5,91 do 13,00 mm, średnia długość – od 21,59 do 45,60 mm, średnia masa – od 15,6 do 136,1 mg, średnia grubość owocni – od 1,31 do 6,38 mm oraz średnia masa owocni – od 12,4 do 110,6 mg. Pod względem masy skrzydlaki klonów są uszeregowane rosnąco wg następującej kolejności: tatarski, Henry’ego, Dawida, zielonokory, palmowy, jesionolistny, polny, jawor, kosmaty, okrągłolistny i pospolity. W procesie uszlachetniania materiału nasiennego klonów należy stosować separatory pneumatyczne i/lub separatory sitowe z sitami o otworach podłużnych, co zapewni większe wyrównanie uzyskanych frakcji pod względem masy skrzydlaków, a przy osobnym ich wysiewaniu może prowadzić do większego ujednolicenia terminu wschodów roślin.

EN

Information about the range of variation in the basic physical attributes of seeds and the presence of correlations between these attributes is essential for designing and modeling seed harvesting, processing and sowing operations. The aim of this study was to determine the range of variation in the basic physical properties of samaras of selected maple species and to identify correlations between these attributes for the needs of the seed sorting process. The terminal velocity, thickness, width, length and mass of samaras of 11 maple species and the thickness and mass of pericarps without wings were measured. The measured parameters were used to calculate the relative dimensions and the mass of samaras. The results were processed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The average values of the evaluated parameters were determined in the following ranges: terminal velocity of samaras – from 3.71 to 8.65 m s–1, thickness of samaras – from 0.28 to 0.61 mm, width of samaras – from 5.91 to 13.00 mm, length of samaras – from 21.59 to 45.60 mm, mass of samaras – from 15.6 to 136.1 mg, pericarp thickness – from 1.31 to 6.38 mm, and pericarp mass – from 12.4 to 110.6 mg. The samaras of the analyzed maple species can be arranged in the following ascending order based on their mass: Tatarian maple, Henry’s maple, Père David’s maple, East Asian stripe maple, palmate maple, ash-leaved maple, field maple, sycamore maple, devil maple, vine maple and Norway maple. Maple seeds should be separated with the use of pneumatic separators and/or mesh sieves with longitudinal openings to produce fractions with similar samara mass and to promote germination uniformity.

3

Seed variability of the Polish species of the genus Sorbus (Rosaceae)

100%

Bednorz L. , Walkowiak R. , Maciejewska-Rutkowska I. , Molinski K.

Dendrobiology

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2006

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tom 55

3-9

EN

This paper presents the results of the study on morphological differentiation of seeds of five Polish species of the genus Sorbus L. (S. aria (L.) Crantz, S. aucuparia L. Emend. Hedl., S. chamaemespilus (L.) Crantz, S. intermedia (Ehrh.) Pers. and S. torminalis (L.) Crantz). The biometric data of 1980 seeds were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis in attempt to define intraspecific variation and to find differences between studied taxa. Most of the seed traits are significantly correlated and are characterised by moderate level of variation. Seeds of S. aucuparia (both subspecies) are the least variable while seeds of S. torminalis and S. intermedia the most. On the basis of size and shape traits of Sorbus seeds only seeds of S. aucuparia can be definitely distinguished from the others.

4

Seed productivity in relation to other shoot features for endangered parasitic plant Orobanche picridis F.W. Schultz (Orobanchaceae)

80%

Piwowarczyk R.

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2013

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tom Vol. 61, nr 1

55--64

EN

Parasitic plants species of the genus Orobanche produce a very high number of small dust-like seeds. The seed shape of Orobanche sp. is ellipsoid to globose, ca. 0.3 x 0.4 mm. Orobanche picridis F.W. Schultz is a sub-Mediterranean-sub-Atlantic species. It has the NE range limit in Poland and Ukraine. The species is seriously endangered in Poland and neighbouring countries. O. picridis occurs only in southern Poland (34 localities). It prefers habitats on chalky rendzina, especially S-facing. It colonizes abandoned fallows and wastelands, field margins, initial xerothermic grasslands. They are mostly ecotone communities, in semi-ruderal xerothermic pioneer communities belonging to the DaucoPicridetum (Artemisietea vulgaris class). The aim of this study was to determine potential and real seed productivity in Orobanche picridis and correlations between the characteristics of the shoots. Research hypothesis is to show that the studied traits of shoots show the highest correlation with the production of seeds. The paper presents investigations into potential and real seed productivity of Orobanche picridis for the first time. Investigations were conducted in 2010 at three most abundant localities of O. picridis in southern Poland in the Wyżyna Małopolska upland (S Poland) - Wesołówka (Przedgórze Iłżeckie foreland), Pińczów, and Pęczelice (Niecka Nidziańska basin). Research into the number of seeds produced per fruit and per shoot is discussed. Strict correlations between seed productivity and shoot features, i.e. shoot height, inflorescence length, number of fruits and corolla tube length were observed. The number of seeds in a single ovary in O. picridis varied and ranged from 457 to 3 246. The mean number of seeds per shoot is 55 172 based on the data collected at the three sites and ranges between 8 911 and 151 050. Seed productivity depends significantly on the size of a plant, that is on the shoot height, correlation coefficient r = 0.7, inflorescence length, r = 0.6, number of flowers and fruits per plant, r = 0.6, and on the flower size, r = 0.5.

5

Wpływ stymulacji elektromagnetycznej na wartość siewną nasion dwóch odmian koniczyny białej

80%

Acta Agrophysica

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2017

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tom 24

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nr 1

PL

Nasiona koniczyny białej średniolistnej odmiany Barda i wielkolistnej Cyma stymulowano wiązką lasera He-Ne, zmiennym polem magnetycznym oraz kombinacją światła lasera i pola magnetycznego. W badaniach laboratoryjnych określono: energię i zdolność kiełkowania oraz procentowy udział nasion normalnie i nienormalnie kiełkujących, twardych oraz porażonych przez choroby grzybowe. Proces kiełkowania prowadzono zgodnie z zaleceniami ISTA (2009) i Rozporządzenia Min. Roln. i Roz. Wsi (Dz. U. z dn. 28.01.2013 r.). Materiał siewny odmiany Barda charakteryzował się istotnie mniejszą energią kiełkowania oraz zawierał istotnie więcej nasion twardych a mniej nasion normalnie i nienormalnie kiełkujących w porównaniu z odmianą Cyma. Stymulacja elektromagnetyczna w kombinacji L+P istotnie zwiększała udział nasion normalnie kiełkujących u odmiany Barda, a u obu odmian zmniejszała udział nasion nienormalnie kiełkujących.

EN

Seeds of white clover varieties Barda and Cyma were irradiated with He-Ne laser beam, alternating magnetic field, and the combination of laser light and magnetic field. In laboratory tests the following were determined: germination energy and capacity, percentage of seeds germinating normally and abnormally, hard seeds, and percentage of seeds infected with pathogenic fungi. The germination process was performed according to ISTA (2009) and Ordinance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Dz. U. of 28.01.2013). Seeds of Barda variety were characterised by a significantly lower energy germination and contained significantly more hard seeds and less seeds germinating normally and abnormally compared to the Cyma variety. Electromagnetic stimulation in the L+P treatment significantly increased the share of seeds germinating normally in Barda variety and decreased the percentage of seeds germinating abnormally in both varieties.