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1 Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

1 2016

1 Йовенко Л.

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ДУХОВНИЙ ПОДВИГ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В ПОЕМІ Т. ШЕВЧЕНКА «НЕОФІТИ» ТА ЙОГО ТРАКТУВАННЯ У ШКІЛЬНИХ ПІДРУЧНИКАХ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДОБИ

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Йовенко Л.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

2016

nr 1(55)

356-364

The author of the article on the basis of analysis of the poem “Neophyte” by Taras Shevchenko and Soviet textbooks, characterized the images of the heroes in the poem “Neophyte” and clarified their interpretation in history of literary education of designated days. We revealed that the main Shevchenko’s hero’s feature is the ability to deed, high elevation of feelings that focuses the emotionality of the highest quality and all that was fundamental in understanding of real Kobzar’s human been. It was shown that in the hero images of the poem “Neophyte” we can see the mystery of the relationship between the spiritual freedom of the individual and the Creator as its primary source, and the glorification of heroism performed in the name of Christ. We showed that the poet exalted spiritual feat of neophytes and Alkid’s nameless mother that after the death of her son carried the word of Christ to people. The image of the mother is deeply symbolic because it embodied grief, purpose and destiny of Ukraine. It was noted that Great Kobzar emphasized not only main characters of the poem and depicted how the teachings of the Lord spread between people, but also bequeathed the Christian truth to Ukraine. It was established that the ideologists of the totalitarian regime understood the pedagogical potential of Taras Shevchenko’s works and that is why in Soviet textbooks all was shown in distorted and not real interpretation and all that was actively used for propaganda. The conclusion was made: the creative heritage of the poet was distorted and got tendentious interpretation in Ukrainian literature textbooks of Soviet era. The domination of totalitarian ideologies did all that possible. Materialist philosophy leveled the spiritual world of the individual and main characters of the poem (the embodiment of spiritual liberation of the individual) received in critical articles of Soviet literators interpretation that served the aims of the USSR and that help to train the “new” man type – an atheist, that can do any heroic action if the state will need it from a man. The author determined that further analysis should be prolonged on images of national heroes in Shevchenko’s poem “Haydamaky” and their interpretation in Soviet school textbooks.