Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Pomiar zmęczenia – przegląd narzędzi

100%

Kulik A.

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nr 4

419-440

EN

Chronic fatigue is a common symptom but a small investigated. Scientific interests of this problem increased significantly during the last two decades. The same a large number of instruments have been developed to measure chronic fatigue. The aim of this article is to present a review of fatigue measures. These are divided in three groups: scales for healthy people, scales for people with chronic fatigue syndrome, scales for patients with other chronic diseases. Each scale is described in followed aspects: structure, way of answering, interpretation, utility, modification and psychometric properties.

2

Correlation between δ13C and δ15N in flying fish (Exocoetus volitans) muscle and scales from the South China Sea

88%

Wu L. , Xu L. , Sun J. , Wang X. , Wei Y. , Li Y. , Liu X.

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tom Vol. 46, No. 3

307--313

EN

We collected flying fish (Exocoetus volitans) from the South China Sea to determine whether fish scale isotope values correlate with those from muscle, and discuss relevant eco-environmental implications. A significant positive correlation was determined between fish scales and muscle δ13C and δ15N, rendering a fish scale an alternative to muscle tissue for stable isotope analysis. However, muscle and scale isotopic offsets should be fully considered when using δ13C and δ15N to analyze the actual trophic level of fish and their food source. The average offsets of δ13C and δ15N between muscles and scales are -2.1 ± 0.5‰ and 2.3 ± 0.6‰, respectively, though these values vary slightly with fish mass. Weak correlations were found between δ13C and δ15N, both in the flying fish muscle and scales, suggesting that other factors are influencing δ13C and δ15N. Fish δ15N also correlates with the size of individuals, while δ13C reflects the marine habitat. Based on our data, it appears that more eco-environmental processes can be revealed from modern or ancient flying fish scales.

3

Wzorce i eksperymenty: struktury kompozycyjne w muzyce popularnej Japonii

75%

Szewczyk K.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2024

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tom 3(43)

196-208

EN

This work is a study of Japan’s popular music and its theoretical aspects, as well as an analysis of the influence of jazz music on its development. It begins by defining Japanese music, then the history of music in Japan in the 20th century is outlined. Subsequent chapters are devoted to music theory, with particular emphasis on comparing the use of intervals and scales in Western and Japanese music. The work discusses the theory of Japanese scales, analyzing their structure and function in the context of modern Japanese music. The next chapter focuses on the popular music in Japan in the 21st century, while identifying its characteristic features. Special attention is given to the influence of jazz on the development of Japanese popular music and its presence in today’s musical culture. The final chapter compares mainstream popular music from Japan, Poland and the USA, showing the differences and similarities in styles, structure and use of musical elements. The paper ends with conclusions emphasizing the importance of understanding cultural and theoretical context in music research.

4

Określenie wieku kozy (Cobitis taenia) i kozy złotawej (Sabanejewia aurata) z wykorzystaniem niektórych struktur twardych

51%

Lampart-Kałużniacka M. , Pietraszewski D. , Marszał L. , Heese T. , Przybylski M.

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tom Tom 15, cz. 2

1041--1052

EN

Age is one of the most important life history variables of fish used to estimate growth rate, mortality rate and production. Age determining is usually carried out by analyzing any of several calcified structures, such as scales, otoliths (more frequently) or fin rays (rather seldom). Scales are easy to collect and this is the reason why this structure has been widely used, but for several reasons annuli may be ambiguous to discern on scales, especially in the loaches. The material was collected in May 2010 in the Pilica River. A total of 29 fish individuals, including 16 spined loach and 13 golden loach, were examined. The range of total length (TL) of the fishes in the sample studied was 43–102 mm in the former and 35 do 70 mm in the latter species, respectively. The precision of ageing using the cross-sections of dorsal, caudal, anal, pectoral and ventral fins rays were compared with age determination on the basis of otoliths. The analysis of the annuli of the investigated structures revealed that individuals aged 2 to 5 years (golden loach) and aged 3 to 7 years (spined loach) occurred in the material (Table 1 and 2, respectively). The obtained results indicate that in natural water bodies older individuals than formerly presumed may occur. Microscopic slides of the cross sections of otoliths and fins are most reliable for ageing such structures. The anal fin (A) it the most reliable structure for ageing, i.e. the age obtained from the fin is least divergent from the age obtained from the otolith. While planning the investigations of the age structure of populations it is necessary to establish the periods of sampling in a way that will be most congruent with the period of annuli formation.

5

Pelagic chondrichthyan microremains from the Upper Devonian of the Kale Sardar section, eastern Iran

51%

Hairapetian V. , Ginter M.

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tom Vol. 60, no. 3

357-371

EN

An assemblage of fifteen taxa of chondrichthyan microremains from late Frasnian through late Famennian pelagic deposits of the Kale Sardar section, eastern Iran, is described. Several taxa (Phoebodus bifurcatus, Phoebodus sophiae and Protacrodus vetustus) are reported for the first time from Iran. The presence of Deihim mansureae and Ph. sophiae in the Late rhenana to linguiformis Zones and Phoebodus rayi in the early triangularis Zone of the Kale Sardar section, provides new biostratigraphic information. The late Frasnian part of the assemblage corresponds to the faunas from the intrashelf basins of central europe, and the middle.late Famennian part is comparable to that from the tafilalt Platform of Morocco.